The Multifarious PGPR Serratia marcescens CDP-13 Augments Induced Systemic Resistance and Enhanced Salinity Tolerance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The rhizobacterial strain Serratia marcescens 90–66 mediates induced systemic resistance (ISR) to fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. It was determined that strain 90–166 produced salicylic acid (SA), using the salicylateresponsive reporter plasmid pUTK21. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of culture extracts confirmedthe production of SA in broth culture. Mini-Tn5phoA mutants, which did not produce detectable amounts of SA, retained ISR activity in cucumber against the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum orbiculare. Strain 90–166 induced disease resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci in wild-type Xanthi-nc and transgenic NahG-10 tobacco expressing salicylate hydroxylase. Increasing ferric iron concentrations in vitro reduced SA production below detectable limits, and increasing ferric iron concentration in planta, applied as a root drench, significantly reduced the level of ISR observed in cucumber to C. orbiculare. An ISR¯ mutant (90-166-2882) still produced SA. The results of this study indicate that SA produced by 90–166 is not the primary bacterial determinant of ISR and that this bacterial-mediated ISR system is affected by iron concentration.

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Role of Iron in Rhizobacteria-Mediated Induced Systemic Resistance of Cucumber

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.2001.91.6.593 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 593-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

C. M. Press ◽

J. E. Loper ◽

J. W. Kloepper

Keyword(s):

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Induced Systemic Resistance ◽

Iron Concentration ◽

Iron Chelator ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Systemic Resistance ◽

Wild Type ◽

Rhizosphere Bacterium ◽

Population Sizes ◽

External Population

Seed treatment with the rhizosphere bacterium Serratia marcescens strain 90-166 suppressed anthracnose of cucumber, caused by Colleto-trichum orbiculare, through induced systemic resistance (ISR). When the iron concentration of a planting mix was decreased by addition of an iron chelator, suppression of cucumber anthracnose by strain 90-166 was significantly improved. Strain 90-166 produced 465 ± 70 mg/liter of catechol siderophore, as determined by the Rioux assay in deferrated King's medium B. The hypothesis that a catechol siderophore produced by strain 90-166 may be responsible for induction of systemic resistance by this strain was tested by evaluating disease suppression by a mini-Tn5-phoA mutant deficient in siderophore production. Sequence analysis of genomic DNA flanking the mini-Tn5-phoA insertion identified the target gene as entA, which encodes an enzyme in the catechol siderophore biosynthetic pathways of several bacteria. Severity of anthracnose of cucumbers treated with the entA mutant was not significantly different (P = 0.05) from the control, whereas plants treated with wild-type 90-166 had significantly less disease (P = 0.05) than the control. Total (internal and external) population sizes of 90-166 and the entA mutant on roots did not differ significantly (P = 0.05) at any sample time, whereas internal population sizes of the entA mutant were significantly lower (P = 0.05) than those of the wild-type strain at two sampling times. These data suggest that catechol siderophore biosynthesis genes in Serratia marcescens 90-166 are associated with ISR but that this role may be indirect via a reduction in internal root populations.

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Application of gamma rays on salinity tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and expression of genes related to biosynthesis of proline, glycine betaine and antioxidant enzymes

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants ◽

10.1007/s12298-021-01090-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alireza Askari Kelestani ◽

Sanaz Ramezanpour ◽

Azam Borzouei ◽

Hasan Soltanloo ◽

Saeed Navabpour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Glycine Betaine ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Expression Of Genes

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Salinity tolerance during germination in two arid-land varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Seed Science and Technology ◽

10.15258/sst.2003.31.3.09 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 597-603

Author(s):

F.M. Al-Ansari

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Arid Land

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Abscisic acid signalling reduced transpiration flow, regulated Na+ ion homeostasis and antioxidant enzyme activities to induce salinity tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings

Environmental Technology & Innovation ◽

10.1016/j.eti.2021.101808 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101808

Author(s):

Aasma Parveen ◽

Sunny Ahmar ◽

Muhammad Kamran ◽

Zaffar Malik ◽

Ahmad Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Abscisic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Ion Homeostasis ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities

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THE EFFECT OF SALINITY ON LIBYAN SOFT WHEAT TRITICUM AESTIVUM L AT GERMINATION STAGE

Scientific Journal of Applied Sciences of Sabratha University ◽

10.47891/sabujas.v2i2.41-54 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 41-54

Author(s):

Amal Faraj Ehtaiwesh ◽

Fatma Hossen Rashed

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Soft Wheat ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Early Seedling ◽

Four Levels ◽

Seedling Characters

Salinity is the major abiotic stress that reduces plant growth and productivity worldwide. The objectives of this study were to quantify the effects of salinity on seedling characters of soft wheat Triticum aestivum L genotypes and to define if responses varied among wheat genotypes. For that, 12 genotypes of wheat were evaluated for the salinity tolerance in artificially induced with NaCl at their germination and early seedling stage. Seeds were subjected to four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl) and raised for eight days under optimum conditions to calculate the final germination percentage, speed of germination, mean daily germination, shoot and root length, and seedling fresh and dry weight. The response of genotypes were divers among the studied traits. At higher concentration of NaCl (100 and 150mM), speed of germination and mean daily germination were delayed and final germination percentage was decreased. At higher salinity level, significant decrease in shoots and roots length, seedling dry weight and seedling vigor. Additionally, the study showed considerable variation in salinity tolerance among wheat genotypes for studied traits. The study concluded that there is a genetic variability among genotypes and that genotypes varied in their response to salinity stress and that genotypes Sabha, Salambo, Makkawi and Bushi were the most tolerant genotypes.

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