scholarly journals Essential Indicators Identifying Chronic Inorganic Mercury Intoxication: Pooled Analysis across Multiple Cross-Sectional Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0160323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Doering ◽  
Stephan Bose-O’Reilly ◽  
Ursula Berger
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Multiple Cross ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

scholarly journals Ocular Surface Pathology in Patients Suffering from Mercury Intoxication

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1326
Author(s):  
Pilar Cañadas ◽  
Yrbani Lantigua ◽  
Amalia Enríquez-de-Salamanca ◽  
Itziar Fernandez ◽  
Salvador Pastor-Idoate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Corneal Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thermal Thresholds ◽  
Mercury Intoxication

Purpose: To report the ocular surface pathology of patients suffering from acute/subacute mercury vapor intoxication. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Male workers intoxicated with inorganic mercury referred for ophthalmic involvement and healthy control subjects. Methods: The following tests were performed: dry eye (DE)-related symptoms indicated by the ocular surface disease (OSDI) index questionnaire; tear osmolarity; analysis of 23 tear cytokine concentrations and principal component and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analyses; tear break-up time (T-BUT); corneal fluorescein and conjunctival lissamine green staining; tear production by Schirmer and tear lysozyme tests; mechanical and thermal corneal sensitivity (non-contact esthesiometry); and corneal nerve analysis and dendritic cell density by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). Results: Twenty-two out of 29 evaluated patients entered the study. Most had DE-related symptoms (OSDI values > 12), that were severe in 63.6% of them. Tear osmolarity was elevated (>308 mOsms/L) in 83.4% of patients (mean 336.23 (28.71) mOsm/L). Corneal and conjunctival staining were unremarkable. T-BUT was low (<7 s) in 22.7% of patients. Schirmer test and tear lysozyme concentration were low in 13.6% and 27.3% of cases, respectively. Corneal esthesiometry showed patient mechanical (mean 147.81 (53.36) mL/min) and thermal thresholds to heat (+2.35 (+1.10) °C) and cold (−2.57 (−1.24) °C) to be significantly higher than controls. Corneal IVCM revealed lower values for nerve density ((6.4 (2.94) n/mm2), nerve branching density (2 (2.50) n/mm2), and dendritic cell density (9.1 (8.84) n/mm2) in patients. Tear levels of IL-12p70, IL-6, RANTES, and VEGF were increased, whereas EGF and IP-10/CXCL10 were decreased compared to controls. Based on cytokine levels, two clusters of patients were identified. Compared to Cluster 1, Cluster 2 patients had significantly increased tear levels of 18 cytokines, decreased tear lysozyme, lower nerve branching density, fewer dendritic cells, and higher urine mercury levels. Conclusions: Patients suffering from systemic mercury intoxication showed symptoms and signs of ocular surface pathology, mainly by targeting the trigeminal nerve, as shown by alterations in corneal sensitivity and sub-basal nerve morphology.

scholarly journals Seasonality in carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the general population: a pooled analysis of nationwide cross-sectional studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. H. Wielders ◽  
E. Van Duijkeren ◽  
G. Van Den Bunt ◽  
A. P. Meijs ◽  
C. M. Dierikx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
General Dutch Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Abstract Infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are often preceded by asymptomatic carriage. Higher incidences in enteric infectious diseases during summer have been reported. Here, we assessed whether the presence of seasonality in intestinal ESBL-Escherichia coli/Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-E/K) carriage in the general Dutch population exists. From 2014 to 2017, the faecal carriage of ESBL-E/K in healthy individuals was determined in three cross-sectional studies in the Netherlands, including 5985 subjects. Results were pooled to identify seasonal trends in prevalence (by month of sampling). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results were adjusted for age, sex, antibiotic use and travel. Overall prevalence of ESBL-E/K carriage was 4.3% (n = 260 ESBL-E/K-positive), with differences between months ranging from 2.6% to 7.4%. Compared to January, the monthly prevalence of ESBL-E carriage was highest in August (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.02–3.49) and September (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.30–3.89). The observed monthly differences in ESBL-E/K carriage rates suggest that there is seasonal variation in exposure to ESBL-E/K other than due to travelling and antibiotic use. This should be taken into account in designing future ESBL-E prevalence studies in temperate regions.

scholarly journals Overweight and Underweight Prevalence Trends in Children from Romania - Pooled Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies between 2006 and 2015

Obesity Facts ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Chirita-Emandi ◽  
Carmen Gabriela Barbu ◽  
Elena Eliza Cinteza ◽  
Bianca Ioana Chesaru ◽  
Mihai Gafencu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Trends ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

scholarly journals The Effect of Prophylactic HPV Vaccines on Oral and Oropharyngeal HPV Infection—A Systematic Review

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Juul Nielsen ◽  
Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen ◽  
Jakob Schmidt Jensen ◽  
Christian Grønhøj ◽  
Christian Von Buchwald
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Hpv Vaccines ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Human papillomavirus (HPV) imposes an increased risk of developing cervical, anal and oropharyngeal cancer. In the Western world, HPV infection is currently the major cause of oropharyngeal cancer. The effectiveness of HPV vaccines for oral or oropharyngeal HPV infection is yet to be determined. This study conducted a systematic literature search in Pubmed and Embase. Studies investigating the impact of HPV vaccines on oral or oropharyngeal HPV infection were enrolled. This review reports the relative prevention percentage (RPP), including a risk of bias assessment as well as a quality assessment study. Nine studies were included (48,777 participants): five cross-sectional studies; one randomized community trial study (RCT); one longitudinal cohort study; and two case-control studies. A significant mean RPP of 83.9% (66.6–97.8%) was calculated from the cross-sectional studies, 82.4% in the included RCT and 83% in the longitudinal cohort study. Further, two case-control studies that measured antibody response in participants immunized with HPV vaccines were included. Respectively, 100% and 93.2% of participants developed HPV-16 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in oral fluids post-vaccination. Analysis of the studies identified a significant decrease in vaccine-type oral or oropharyngeal HPV infections in study participants immunized with HPV vaccines across study designs and heterogenous populations. Further, a significant percentage of participants developed IgG antibodies in oral fluid post-vaccination.

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