scholarly journals Clustering of health risk behaviors among adolescents in Kilifi, Kenya, a rural Sub-Saharan African setting

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242186
Author(s):  
Derrick Ssewanyana ◽  
Amina Abubakar ◽  
Charles R. J. C. Newton ◽  
Mark Otiende ◽  
George Mochamah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Takers

Background Adolescents tend to experience heightened vulnerability to risky and reckless behavior. Adolescents living in rural settings may often experience poverty and a host of risk factors which can increase their vulnerability to various forms of health risk behavior (HRB). Understanding HRB clustering and its underlying factors among adolescents is important for intervention planning and health promotion. This study examines the co-occurrence of injury and violence, substance use, hygiene, physical activity, and diet-related risk behaviors among adolescents in a rural setting on the Kenyan coast. Specifically, the study objectives were to identify clusters of HRB; based on five categories of health risk behavior, and to identify the factors associated with HRB clustering. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted of a random sample of 1060 adolescents aged 13–19 years living within the area covered by the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Participants completed a questionnaire on health behaviors which was administered via an Audio Computer-Assisted Self–Interview. Latent class analysis on 13 behavioral factors (injury and violence, hygiene, alcohol tobacco and drug use, physical activity, and dietary related behavior) was used to identify clustering and stepwise ordinal logistic regression with nonparametric bootstrapping identified the factors associated with clustering. The variables of age, sex, education level, school attendance, mental health, form of residence and level of parental monitoring were included in the initial stepwise regression model. Results We identified 3 behavioral clusters (Cluster 1: Low-risk takers (22.9%); Cluster 2: Moderate risk-takers (67.8%); Cluster 3: High risk-takers (9.3%)). Relative to the cluster 1, membership of higher risk clusters (i.e. moderate or high risk-takers) was strongly associated with older age (p<0.001), being male (p<0.001), depressive symptoms (p = 0.005), school non-attendance (p = 0.001) and a low level of parental monitoring (p<0.001). Conclusion There is clustering of health risk behaviors that underlies communicable and non-communicable diseases among adolescents in rural coastal Kenya. This suggests the urgent need for targeted multi-component health behavior interventions that simultaneously address all aspects of adolescent health and well-being, including the mental health needs of adolescents.

scholarly journals Physical activity and dietary patterns: a health risk behavior cluster pattern analysis of students in a Caribbean medical school

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Samal Nauhria ◽  
Sanjib Das ◽  
Kusai M Alsalhanie ◽  
Anmol Goyal ◽  
Brijinder K Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Multiple Health ◽  
Clustering Patterns

Background: Collegial effects of variable lifestyle risk behaviors on the high incidence of chronic conditions are pivotal issues in defining overall health and public wellness. Medical students are expected to have a superior understanding of health issues but the majority of them lead an unhealthy lifestyle.Aims and Objectives: This study examined the prevalence and clustering patterns of multiple health risk behaviors among students of a Caribbean medical school.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the first and second-year medical students by using questionnaire which assessed multiple health behaviors including physical activity patterns, fruits, vegetables and breakfast consumption. Age and gender specific clustering patterns of various risk behaviors were identified.Results: Study suggested that male students were more active than female students (p<0.01). Gender non-specific younger age group was more active than older age group (p<0.001). The frequency of breakfast consumption was higher in males (p<0.01). Fruit & vegetable consumption was higher in older students (p<0.01) irrespective of gender. A cluster of three health risk behavior was found in 10% of the total students while only 7% met the recommendations for all three health risk behaviors. BMI of the majority of students (72%) was found to be within normal range. The primary motivation for performing physical activity in 35% students was to lose weight or maintain appearance and in 31% to eliminate stress.Conclusion: Many medical students still fail to meet the physical activity and dietary recommendations which may be attributed to their busy schedules and academic overload.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(4) 2017 50-56

scholarly journals Living with a Smoker and Multiple Health-Risk Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J Holahan ◽  
Carole K Holahan ◽  
Sangdon Lim ◽  
Daniel A Powers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Health Risk Behavior ◽  
Multiple Risk ◽  
Multiple Health

Abstract Background Behavioral medicine is showing growing theoretical and applied interest in multiple health-risk behaviors. Compared to engaging in a single health-risk behavior, multiple health-risk behaviors are linked to increased morbidity and mortality. A contextual determinant of multiple risk behaviors may be living with a smoker. Purpose This study investigated the role of living with a smoker in predicting multiple health-risk behaviors compared to a single health-risk behavior, as well as whether these multiple risk behaviors occur across both physical activity and dietary domains. Moreover, the study tested these effects across 3 years in longitudinal and prospective (controlling for health-risk behaviors at baseline) analyses. Methods Participants were 82,644 women (age M = 63.5, standard deviation = 7.36, age range = 49–81) from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. Analyses used multinomial and binary logistic regression. Results Living with a smoker was more strongly associated with multiple health-risk behaviors than with a single health-risk behavior. These multiple risk behaviors occurred across both physical activity and dietary domains. The effects persisted across 3 years in longitudinal and prospective analyses. Living with a smoker, compared to not living with a smoker, increased the odds of multiple health-risk behaviors 82% cross-sectionally and, across 3 years, 94% longitudinally and 57% prospectively. Conclusions These findings integrate research on multiple health-risk behaviors and on living with a smoker and underscore an unrecognized public health risk of tobacco smoking. These results are relevant to household-level interventions integrating smoking-prevention and obesity-prevention efforts.

scholarly journals Clustering effects of health risk behavior on mental health and physical activity in Chinese adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangren Yi ◽  
Zongyu Liu ◽  
Wenzhen Qiao ◽  
Xiuye Xie ◽  
Nuo Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Health Risk Behavior

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PRACTICE AND CLUSTERING OF HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pereira da Silva ◽  
Ana Beatriz Pacífico ◽  
Thiago Silva Piola ◽  
Edmar Roberto Fantinelli ◽  
Edina Maria de Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
High Participation

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between participation in physical activity (PA) and the clustering of health risk behaviors (HRB) in adolescents of both genders. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 862 adolescents (11 to 17 years old) enrolled in 14 randomly selected public schools from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Participation in PA, screen time, consumption of fruit, vegetables, cigarettes and alcoholic beverages were the criteria evaluated. Multinomial logistic regression tested the association between participation in PA and clustering of HRB, and results are expressed Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Adolescents with high participation in PA had lower odds of clustering 2-3 HRB (OR 0.38, 95%CI 0.21-0.68; p<0.01) and 4-5 HRB (OR 0.29; 95%IC 0.16-0.53; p<0.01). Boys with high participation in PA had lower chances of clustering 2-3 HRB (OR 0.31, 95%CI 0.13-0.75; p=0.01), and girls had lower odds of clustering 2-3 HRB (OR 0.41; 95%CI 0.17-0.99; p=0.04) and 4-5 HRB (OR 0.25; 95%CI 0.10-0.61; p<0.01). Conclusions: High participation in PA was inversely associated with the clustering of HRB in adolescents.

Gender Differences in Health Risk Behaviors and Physical Activity Among Middle School Students

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsu-Yin Wu ◽  
Sherry E. Rose ◽  
Joanna M. Bancroft
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
School Students

Adolescence is a period of accelerated growth and change, bridging the complex transition from childhood to adulthood. This period offers adolescents an opportunity to begin planning for their futures and to adopt healthy attitudes about risk behaviors that can continue into adulthood, thus setting the stage for a lifetime of desirable health behaviors. This study used the Youth Risk Behavior Survey on middle school students and examined the gender differences of health risk behaviors among 674 8th-graders from an urban setting. The results showed that males were more likely to be involved in fights, to initiate alcohol use, and to participate in physical activity; whereas females were more likely to try to lose weight with unhealthy practices, such as fasting and laxatives. School nurses are in a prime position to promote adolescent health in the school setting by providing health-related services and teaching to help students initiate and maintain healthy lifestyles.

scholarly journals Perceived Parental Monitoring and Health Risk Behavior among Public Secondary School Students in El Salvador

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1810-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Springer ◽  
Shreela Sharma ◽  
Alba Margarita de Guardado ◽  
Francisco Vázquez Nava ◽  
Steven H. Kelder
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Adolescent Risk

Although parental monitoring has received considerable attention in studies of U.S. adolescents, few published studies have examined how parents' knowledge of their children's whereabouts may influence health risk behaviors in adolescents living in Latin America. We investigated the association between perceived parental monitoring and substance use, fighting, and sexual behaviors in rural and urban Salvadoran adolescents (n = 982). After adjusting for several sociodemographic covariates, multilevel regression analyses indicated that students reporting low parental monitoring were between 2 to 3.5 times more likely to report risk behaviors examined. The promotion of specific parenting practices such as parental monitoring may hold promise for reducing adolescent risk behaviors in El Salvador.

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