Prevalence and associated factors of post-partum depression in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Globally, post-partum depression is a major public health problem and is associated with a harmful effect on the infant, child, and mothers’ mental, physical, and social health. Although a few post-partum depression studies have been published, we still lack an accurate estimated pooled prevalence of national PPD and associated factors. Objectives This study aims to show the estimated pooled prevalence of PPD and associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods We conduct the extensive search of articles as indicated in the guideline (PRISMA), reporting systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases like MEDLINE, PubMed, psych INFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library. All publications and grey literature were addressed by using MeSH terms and keywords. The pooled estimated effect of post-partum depression and associated factors was analyzed using the random effect model meta-analysis, and 95% CI was also considered. Protocol and registration PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020176769 Available from https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020176769. Result A total of 11 studies with 7,582 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of post-partum depression (PPD) was 22.08%, with a 95% CI (17.66%, 26.49). For factors associated with post-partum depression, a random effect size model was used during meta-analysis; unplanned pregnancy [(OR = 2.84; 95% CI (2.04, 3.97)], domestic violence [OR = 3.14; 95% CI (2.59, 3.80)], and poor social support [OR = 3.57;95% CI (2.29,5.54) were positively associated factors with post-partum depression. Conclusion and recommendation The estimated pooled prevalence of post-partum depression was high in Ethiopia. Unplanned pregnancy, poor social support, and domestic violence were factors affecting PPD. Therefore, the Ethiopian policymakers and health personnel better give more emphasis to mothers who had a history of unplanned pregnancy, domestic violence, and poor social support

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Depression in Postnatal Women in the Case of a Low-Income Country; Ethiopia, 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25403/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mogesie Necho ◽

Merid Abadisharew

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Low Income ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Unplanned Pregnancy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Poor Social Support ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Depression

Abstract BackgroundMaternal mental health in the postpartum period is essential for the optimal development of the newborn and appropriate breastfeeding practices. Despite this, a shortage of concrete evidence exists regarding the magnitude of postpartum depression and associated factors. This meta-analysis study was therefore done to fill such a gap.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were investigated with no time limitation. A manual search for a reference list of articles was also done. Relevant data were extracted using Meta XL package and analysis was done Stata-11 meta-prop package. Heterogeneity was checked with Cochran's Q-statistics and the Higgs I2 test. Furthermore, sub-group and sensitivity analyses were done. Egger's test and funnel plots tests were engaged to identify publication bias.ResultsA total of 16 studies that assessed 11400 postpartum women in Ethiopia were included. The average estimated prevalence of postpartum depression was 21.9% (95% CI: 18.98, 24.77). The pooled prevalence of postpartum depression was higher in studies that used SRQ-20; 24.6% (95% CI: 18.42, 30.84) than studies that used PHQ-9; 18.9% (95% CI: 11.52, 26.28). Moreover, the pooled estimated prevalence of postpartum depression was slightly higher in the southern part of Ethiopia (22.6%) than Addis Ababa (21.2%). Poor marital relation (pooled aOR = 3.56) (95% CI: 2.50, 4.63), unplanned pregnancy (pooled aOR = 3.48) (95% CI: 2.18, 4.79), previous history of depression (pooled aOR = 4.33) (95% CI: 2.26, 6.59), poor social support (pooled aOR = 4.5) (95% CI: 3.34, 5.56), domestic violence (pooled aOR = 3.77) (95% CI: 2.62, 4.92), family history of mental illness (pooled aOR = 4) (95% CI:1.56, 6.56), use of substance (pooled aOR = 4.67) (95% CI:4.00, 5.34), low income (pooled aOR = 2.87) (95% CI: 1.59, 4.14), stressful life event (pooled aOR = 3.5) (95% CI: 1.39, 5.87) and perinatal complications (pooled aOR = 3.8)( 95% CI: 1.45, 6.15) were among the associated factors for postpartum depression in Ethiopia.ConclusionMore than one in five women was with postpartum depression and factors such as poor marital relations, history of depression, poor social support, domestic violence, unplanned pregnancy, family history of mental illness were related to it. Therefore, maternal postnatal care services should be geared to incorporate this public essential health concern.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Depression in Postpartum Women in a Low-income Country; Ethiopia, 2020

The Open Public Health Journal ◽

10.2174/1874944502013010595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 595-610

Author(s):

Mogesie Necho ◽

Merid Abadisharew ◽

Yemiyamirew Getachew

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Postpartum Depression ◽

Unplanned Pregnancy ◽

Health Concern ◽

Reference List ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Poor Social Support ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Depression

Background: Maternal mental health in the postpartum period is essential for the optimal development of the newborn. Despite this, a shortage of concrete evidence exists regarding it. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were investigated with no time limitation. A manual search for a reference list of articles was also done. Relevant data were extracted using the Meta XL package and analysis was done using Stata-11 meta-prop package. Heterogeneity was checked with Cochran's Q-statistics and the Higgs I 2 test. Results: Sixteen studies were included. The average prevalence of postpartum depression was 21.9%. The pooled prevalence was found to be higher in studies assessed with SRQ-20, i.e 24.6% than studies assessed using PHQ-9, which was 18.9%. Moreover, the pooled prevalence was slightly higher in southern Ethiopia (22.6%) than Addis Ababa (21.2%). Poor marital relation (pooled aOR= 3.56) (95% CI: 2.50, 4.63), unplanned pregnancy (pooled aOR=3.48) (95% CI: 2.18, 4.79), previous history of depression (pooled aOR= 4.33) (95% CI: 2.26, 6.59), poor social support (pooled aOR= 4.5) (95% CI: 3.34, 5.56), and domestic violence were among the associated factors for postpartum depression. Conclusion: More than one in five women were found to have postpartum depression and factors such as poor marital relations, history of depression, poor social support, domestic violence, and unplanned pregnancy were observed to be associated with it. Therefore, maternal postnatal care services should integrate this essential health concern.

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Alcohol consumption and its associated factors among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis' as given in the submission system

Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy ◽

10.1186/s13011-020-00269-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alemu Earsido Addila ◽

Telake Azale Bisetegn ◽

Yigzaw Kebede Gete ◽

Mezgebu Yitayal Mengistu ◽

Getnet Mihretie Beyene

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Unplanned Pregnancy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Alcohol consumption during pregnancy represents a significant public health concern. It has several adverse health effects for both the mother and the developing fetus. This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and the effect size of associated factors of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Methods The results of the review were reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement (PRISMA) guideline and, it was registered in the Prospero database, number CRD42019127103. The available primary studies were collated from different databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, African Journals Online and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Library. The main search terms were [((alcohol consumption) OR (alcohol drinking) OR (alcohol use) OR (ethanol use) OR (alcohol exposure)) AND ((pregnant women) OR (pregnant mother) OR (during pregnancy)) AND (Sub-Saharan Africa)]. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for critical appraisal of studies. The random-effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence. Heterogeneity between studies was checked using the I2 statistic and the Cochrane Q test. Results The review resulted in 963 original studies after searching various databases, and finally 37 studies in qualitative synthesis and 30 articles in the systematic review and meta-analysis were included. The overall summary estimate of the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy was found to be 20.83% (95% CI: 18.21, 23.46). The pooled estimate of meta-analysis showed that depression (OR: 1.572; 95% CI: 1.34, 1.845), partners’ alcohol use (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.57), knowledge on harmful effect of alcohol consumption (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.45) and, unplanned pregnancy (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.17, 4.63) were statistically significant factors with alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Conclusions The result showed that there was high alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Sub- Saharan Africa. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy was associated with depression, partners’ alcohol use, unplanned pregnancy and knowledge of the harmful effects of alcohol consumption. Therefore, this will be a basis for public policy and resource allocation for prevention initiatives.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Perinatal Depression in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2018/1813834 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Amanual Getnet Mersha ◽

Sileshi Ayele Abebe ◽

Lamessa Melese Sori ◽

Tadesse Melaku Abegaz

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Perinatal Depression ◽

Maternal Mental Health ◽

Unplanned Pregnancy ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Start Date ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Modifiable Factors

Background. There is no pooled evidence regarding the prevalence and potential associated factors of perinatal depression in Ethiopian community. Hence, the current review aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of perinatal depression in Ethiopia. Method. A computerized systematic literature search was made in MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Each database was searched from its start date to January 2018. All included articles were published in English, which evaluated prevalence and associated factors of perinatal depression in Ethiopia. Pooled estimations with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated with DerSimonian-Laird (DL) random-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated by using inspection of funnel plots and statistical tests. Result. Eight observational studies with an overall sample size of 4624 mothers were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of perinatal depression from these studies reported that the prevalence of perinatal depression in Ethiopia is 25.8% [95% CI, 24.6%-27.1%]. A pervious history of depression [RR: 3.78 (95% CI, 2.18-6.57), I2 = 41.6%], poor socioeconomic status [RR: 4.67 (95% CI, 2.89-7.53), I2 = 0%], not living with spouse [RR: 3.76 (95% CI, 1.96-7.38), I2 = 36.4%], having obstetric complications in previous and/or this pregnancy [RR: 2.74 (95% CI, 1.48-5.06), I2 = 67.7%], and having unplanned pregnancy [RR: 2.73 (95% CI, 2.11-3.53), I2 = 0%] were the major factors associated with perinatal depression. Conclusion. The pooled prevalence of perinatal depression in Ethiopia is far above most developed as well as developing countries. Hence, to realize the sustainable development goals (SDGs) outlined by united nation, much attention should be given to improve maternal mental health through reduction of identified modifiable factors. Maternal health programs, polices, and activities should incorporate maternal mental health as a core component.

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Prevalence unmet need for family planning and its associated factors in Ethiopia 2019: sytematic review and meta analysis

10.21203/rs.2.12793/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Temesgen Getaneh ◽

Ayenew Negesse ◽

Tebabere Moltot

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Early Marriage ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background unmet need for family planning is a common cuase of uninteded pregnancy which mostly end up with abortion. Many fragmented studies were conducted on unmet need in Ethiopia but no single evidence was present. So this meta analysis was established to estimate the pooled prevalence of unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia. Methods articles were retrived through search engines: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal, and Cochrane Library using the preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA) checklist guidelines. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was applied for critical appraisal of included articles. Random effect model meta analysis was done to estimate the pooled prevalence of unmet need for family planning with their respective Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Cochran’s Q statistic, Egger’s and Begg’s test and meta regression were carried out to assess heterogeneity, publication bias and to identify associated factors respectively. Results 15 articles and 17, 585 reproductive age women were included to estimate the polled prevalence of unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia. The pooled prevalence of unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia was 31.45% (95%CI: 26.52, 36.39). Age at first marriage <18yrs with OR=2.3 (95% CI: 1.08, 4.87), being illiterate women with OR= 0.9 (95%CI: 1.19, 3.04), illiterate partner with OR=1.78 (95%CI: 1.18, 2.68) and absence of discussion with their partner with OR=3.52 (95%CI: 2.56, 4.87) were the associated factors. Conclusion This meta analysis revealed the prevalence of unmet need for family planning in Ethiopia was high. Early marriage, illiteracy and absence of open discussion were factors affecting the prevalence of unmet ned for family planning. Therefore, the responsible body inlcuding family health guiadance should strength women empowerment interms of education (equal accessible eduaction for all), avoid early marriage (before 18yrs) and facilitate open partners discussion within house hold.

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The prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B and C virus in hemodialysis patients in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251570 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0251570

Author(s):

Tiruneh Adane ◽

Solomon Getawa

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Invasive Procedure ◽

Control Measures ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Background Due to its invasive procedure patients on hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk of infections. Infections acquired in dialysis units can prolong hospitalization date and/or prolong illness in patients, and increase treatment cost. There are no adequate data on the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in HD patients. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of HBV and HCV infections among HD patients in Africa. Method The databases PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, web of science, African Journals Online, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies. The review was performed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were extracted independently by two authors and analyzed using STATA 11. A random-effect model was fitted to estimate the pooled prevalence with their 95% confidence interval. To detect publication bias funnel plots analysis and Egger weighted regression tests were done. Results The overall pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among HD patients in Africa was 9.88% (95% CI: 7.20–12.56) I2 = 97.9% and 23.04% (95% CI: 18.51–2757) I2 = 99.6%, respectively. In addition, the pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection was 7.18% (95% CI: 3.15–11.20) I2 = 99.6%. Duration of dialysis was found to be the contributing factor for the occurrence of HBV and HCV among HD patients (OR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.01). Conclusion This study showed that there is high prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in HD patients in Africa. Therefore, strict adherence to precautions of infection control measures, isolation of seropositive patients, improvement in infrastructures, adequate screening of HBV and HCV for the donated blood, and decentralized HD services is needed to minimize the risk of HBV and HCV infections in HD facilities.

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Prevalence of home delivery and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32343/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Asteray Assmie Ayenew ◽

Azezu Nigussie ◽

Biruk Zewdu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Facility ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Home Delivery ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Danger Sign ◽

Media Access ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract BackgroundGlobally, maternal morbidity and mortality remained a major public health challenge. Delivering at home is associated with a higher risk of maternal deaths. Findings on the prevalence and associated factors of home delivery are highly variable and inconsistent across Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled prevalence of home delivery and its associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed. The databases used were; PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, African Journals Online, Ethiopian's university research repository online library, and manual searching. The search was further limited to studies conducted in Ethiopia and reported in English. Two authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format. STATA 11 software was used to analyze the data. The Cochrane Q and I2 test were used to assess the heterogeneity of studies. The pooled estimate prevalence and the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were computed by a random effect model.ResultA total of 13 studies were included in this meta-analysis with a sample size of 13,535. The national pooled prevalence of home delivery was 48.53 % (95% CI:35, 62). The pooled adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of home delivery for Place of rural residence was 4.3(AOR = 4.3; 95% CI 2.7, 6.8), husband preference was 5(AOR=5.1 95%CI:1.1, 22), not having ANC follows up was 3.3(AOR= 3.3,95%CI:2,6), Women who cannot read & write was 4(AOR=4.36,95% CI:3.1, 6.12), Primary level was 4(AOR=4.21, 95%CI:1.5, 11.6) ,and secondary & above was 1.9(AOR=1.9,95%CI:1.1, 3.45), distance from the health facility was 7(AOR= 7.33, 95%CI:5.75, 9.35), age of mothers 15-24 was 4(AOR =3.7,95%CI:2, 6.6), knowledge of danger sign of pregnancy was 4(AOR=4.60 95%CI:3, 6.8), and no media access was 3.4(AOR=3.495%CI: 1.5, 7.5).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis showed that home delivery was high in Ethiopia. Place of residence, husband preference, no having ANC follows up, educational status of mothers, distance from health facility, age of mothers, knowledge of danger sign of pregnancy, and no media access increased the risk of home delivery.

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Occupational stress and associated factors among health care professionals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10579-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bekahegn Girma ◽

Jemberu Nigussie ◽

Alemayehu Molla ◽

Moges Mareg

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Occupational Stress ◽

Publication Bias ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Well Being ◽

Inconsistent Result ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Occupational stress is a global health problem which affects employed personals especially health professionals. The burden of stress is not limited at individual level, but also affects the organizations productivity, the quality of care and country in large. In Ethiopia, little concern is given to this problem and individual studies conducted among health care professionals also showed inconsistent result. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the pooled prevalence of occupational stress and its associated factors among health care professionals in Ethiopia. Methods Articles were searched from PubMed, Hinari, PsychInfo, Science direct databases, Google and Google scholar. A total of 10 studies were included in this review and meta-analysis. We used a standardized format for data extraction and STATA software version 13 for analysis. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of occupational stress and I2 was used to check heterogeneity. Begg’s and Egger’s tests were conducted to detect publication bias. Furthermore, sensitivity and subgroup analysis was also conducted. Association was expressed by pooled odd ratio with corresponding 95% CI. Results The pooled prevalence of occupational stress was 52.5 [95% CI: (47.03, 57.96)]. The heterogeneity test was I2 = 89.1% & P < 0.001. The result of the publication bias detection (Begg’s and Egger’s) tests were p = 0.283 and p = 0.369 respectively. Female sex was identified as a significant predictor for occupational stress with a pooled effect of 3.75 [95% CI: (2.58, 5.45)]. Conclusions Above half of health care professionals had occupational stress. Being female was significantly associated factor in this review and meta-analysis. Therefore, introduction of policies supporting health care professionals well-being at work in Ethiopia are advisable.

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Colostrum avoidance and associated factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-83791/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jemberu Nigussie ◽

Bekahegn Girma ◽

Alemayehu Molla ◽

Moges Mareg

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Health Benefit ◽

Plain Water ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Prelacteal Feeding ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background: Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mammary glands during the second half of pregnancy for a few days (3-4) after birth. However, colostrum is a normative standard for infants’ complete form of nutrition, most mothers' giving prelacteal food such as honey, butter, sugar water, and plain water instead of colostrum to their newborn. In Ethiopia, colostrum was seen as abnormal milk causing abdominal problems, and to mitigate this problem most mothers were discarding the portion of the colostrum. Although studies have been conducted on colostrum avoidance and associated factors in Ethiopia, their report was inconsistent regarding the prevalence and associated factors. The main aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled prevalence of colostrum avoidance and associated factors in Ethiopia.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis databases such as Google, Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, and Hinari were searched. We found a total of 327 records, of which 292 records were excluded due to duplication and unrelated to our objective. Finally, 35 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The data were extracted in Microsoft Excel format and exported to STATA Version 14.0 statistical software for analysis. Heterogeneity was checked by the I2 test. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of colostrum avoidance and associated factors. Egger’s weighted regression and Begg’s rank correlation test were used to assess publication bias. Result: This review revealed that the pooled prevalence of colostrum avoidance in Ethiopia was 20.5% (95% CI; 16.46, 24.45). Ante-natal care (ANC) visits [OR= 0.274 (95% CI; 0.175, 0.428)], place of delivery [OR= 3.8 (95% CI; 2.9, 4.9)], breastfed counselling [OR= 0.261(95% CI; 0.147 - 0.462), timely initiation of breast feeding [OR = 3.8 (95% CI; 1.9, 7.4)] and prelacteal feeding [OR= 5.77 (95% CI; 4.03- 8.22)] were significant factors for colostrum avoidance. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that one of five mothers discarded colostrum in Ethiopia. Colostrum avoidance was higher in rural mothers than in urban mothers. Strengthening ANC visits, institutional delivery, breastfed counseling, early initiation of breastfeeding, and avoidance of prelacteal feeding are recommended interventions to reduce colostrum avoidance in Ethiopia. Furthermore, promoting the health benefit of colostrum and its nutritional value also emphasizes to improving colostrum feeding in the community.

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