scholarly journals Polypharmacy among people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural communes in Vietnam

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249849
Author(s):  
Dieu Huyen Thi Bui ◽  
Bai Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Dat Cong Truong ◽  
Dan Wolf Meyrowitsch ◽  
Jens Søndergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Prescription Medicine ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives People with diabetes are at high risk of polypharmacy owing to complex treatment of diabetes and comorbidities. Polypharmacy is associated with increased risk of adverse reactions and decreased compliance. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to assess polypharmacy in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated diabetes-related factors in rural areas in Vietnam. Method People with T2D (n = 806) who had received treatment for diabetes at a district hospital were invited to participate in a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey. Polypharmacy was defined as ≥5 types of medicine and assessed as a) prescription medicine and non-prescription/over the counter (OTC) medicine and b) prescription medicine and non-prescription/OTC, herbal and traditional medicine, and dietary supplement. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the association between polypharmacy and diabetes specific factors: duration, comorbidities and diabetes-related distress. Results Of the people with T2D, 7.8% had a medicine use corresponding to polypharmacy (prescription medicine and non-prescription/OTC), and 40.8% when herbal and traditional medicine, and dietary supplement were included. Mean number of medicine intake (all types of medicines and supplements) were 3.8±1.5. The odd ratios (ORs) of polypharmacy (medicine and supplements) increased with diabetes duration (<1–5 years OR = 1.66; 95%CI: 1.09–2.53 and >5 years OR = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.14–2.64 as compared to ≤1-year duration of diabetes), number of comorbidities (1–2 comorbidities: OR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.18–3.42; ≥3 comorbidities: OR = 2.63;95%CI: 1.50–4.61 as compared to no comorbidities), and suffering from diabetes-related distress (OR = 1.49; 95%CI: 1.11–2.01) as compared to those without distress. Conclusions In rural northern Vietnam, persons with longer duration of T2D, higher number of comorbidities and diabetes-related stress have higher odds of having a medicine use corresponding to polypharmacy. A high proportion of people with T2D supplement their prescription, non-prescription/OTC medicine with herbal and traditional medicine and dietary supplements.

scholarly journals Modifiable Factors Associated with Non-adherence to Antihypertensive or Antihyperlipidemic Drugs Are Dissimilar: a Multicenter Study Among Patients with Diabetes in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2897-2906
Author(s):  
Sofa D. Alfian ◽  
Nurul Annisa ◽  
Fajriansyah Fajriansyah ◽  
Dyah A. Perwitasari ◽  
Rizky Abdulah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Medication Beliefs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background To develop targeted and tailored interventions for addressing medication non-adherence, it is important to identify underlying factors. Objective To identify factors associated with non-adherence as well as subtypes of non-adherence to antihypertensive or antihyperlipidemic drugs among patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia. Design An observational multicenter cross-sectional survey. Participants Patients with type 2 diabetes using either antihypertensive or antihyperlipidemic drugs in four regions in Indonesia. Main Measures Non-adherence and its subtypes of intentional and unintentional non-adherence were assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale. Necessity and concern beliefs were assessed with the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire. We applied binary and multinomial logistic regression to assess associations of medication beliefs, sociodemographic factors, and clinical-related factors to non-adherence and report odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Key Results Of 571 participating patients (response rate 97%), 45.5% and 52.7% were non-adherent to antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs, respectively. Older age was associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive drugs (60–69 years) (OR, 5.65; 95% CI, 2.68–11.92), while higher necessity beliefs (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88–0.95) were associated with less non-adherence. Factors associated with non-adherence to antihyperlipidemic drugs were female gender (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.03–3.27) and higher concern beliefs (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03–1.18), while higher necessity beliefs (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83–0.96) were associated with less non-adherence. Conclusions The main factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs are modifiable. In general, beliefs about the necessity of the drug are important but for antihyperlipidemic drugs concerns are important as well. Healthcare providers should pay attention to identify and address medication beliefs during patient counselling.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking, alcohol intake and the risk of diabetes mellitus in Gombe State, northeast Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sule J. Bathna ◽  
Jacob A. Dunga ◽  
Nura H. Alkali ◽  
Jafiada J. Musa ◽  
Abubakar A. Gombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Northeast Nigeria

Alcohol is consumed in almost all countries worldwide. Heavy drinking can reduce the body’s sensitivity to insulin, which can trigger type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes can complicate chronic pancreatitis, which is overwhelmingly caused by heavy alcohol drinking. Alcohol is also high in calories, with heavy drinkers liable to obesity and a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Similarly, cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among both middle-aged and elderly men and women. Nigeria is one of the three largest tobacco markets in Africa with a population of almost 13 million smokers. Northeast Nigeria ranks 3rd among the six geopolitical zones, with a smoking rate of 6.1%. In this study, we evaluated the risks of diabetes mellitus associated with alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking in Gombe State, Northeast Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in a two-stage cluster sampling scheme based on existing administrative divisions. Study subjects were males and females aged 16 years and older who resided in the Jekadafari Ward of Gombe Metropolis. Subjects were excluded from this study if they were less than 16 years of age, pregnant women or suffered chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease or chronic lung diseases based on clinical history and laboratory results. The calculated sample size was 1600 based on a 3.1% prevalence rate of DM, with a power of 85% and precision of 5%. We obtained complete data on 1302 subjects, of whom 50 (3.8%) had DM. (5.1% in males and 2.86% in females). Alcohol use was prevalent among 365 (28.03%) subjects, and was higher in males (49.4%) compared to females (11.4%). The risk of DM was significantly higher among alcoholusers compared to non-users, with an odds ratio of 4.1 (95%CI: 2.3- 7.3; P=0.0001). Eighty-eight subjects were cigarette smokers, of whom 87 were males and only one was female. We found no significant association between cigarette smoking and DM (OR=0.34, 95%CI 0.05-2.48; P=0.29). The overall prevalence of DM was 3.9%. Alcohol consumption, but not cigarette smoking, was associated with a higher risk of DM in this study.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors Among Saharawi Refugees (P10-071-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Victoria Telle Hjellset ◽  
Marte Karoline Raberg Kjollesdal ◽  
Merethe Flaaten ◽  
Eivind Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives Economic development, globalization and urbanization has resulted in a shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure in low- and middle-income countries, called the Nutrition Transition. At the same time, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated co-morbidities are rising worldwide. The Saharawi refugees have been living in refugee camps in the Algerian desert since 1975 and are totally dependent on food aid. High prevalence of overweight and obesity has been reported among Saharawi women. Limited knowledge about the prevalence of T2D and associated risk factors exists in this population; therefore, the aim with this study was to address this gap in the literature. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five Saharawi refugee camps, in Algeria and 180 women and 175 men were randomly selected. Participants’ blood glucose levels was assessed by HbA1c measurements and diagnosed with diabetes if HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol and prediabetes if HbA1c was between 42–47 mmol/mol. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK) was used to assess various risk factors for T2D. Results Mean HbA1c among the Saharawi refugees was 38 mmol/mol. Seven and 15% were diagnosed with T2D and prediabetes, respectively, and 26% and 19% were overweight and obese, respectively. According to FINDRISK, 9% of the participants had high risk of developing diabetes, 10% had moderate risk, 37% had some risk and 44% had low risk. In multiple logistic regression models, after controlling for age, gender, number of children, BMI and education, the strongest predictor for diabetes was waist circumference, OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1). The strongest predictor for prediabetes was age and waist circumference OR (95% CI): 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) and OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1), respectively. Conclusions We found moderate prevalence of diabetes among the Saharawi refugees; however a high proportion had prediabetes and were suffering from overweight and obesity. In light of this, the rates of T2D are likely to increase dramatically in the near future. The Saharawi health authorities should pay attention to the increased risk of diabetes in this in this vulnerable population. Funding Sources Oslo Metropolitan University.

scholarly journals Famine Exposure in Early Life and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood: Findings From Prospective Cohort Studies in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ning ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Yanlei Zhang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Child Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Famine Exposure

Abstract Background: This study will investigate effect of famine exposure in early life associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood during the Chinese Famine.Methods: A total of 3,418 individuals aged 35-74 years free of diabetes in 2006 and in 2009 study surveys, were prospectively followed up to 2009 and 2012, respectively. Individuals were grouped into non-exposed (1962-1978), fetal-exposed (1959-1961), childhood-exposed (1949-1958) and adolescence/adult-exposed cohorts (1931-1948). Logistic regression model was employed to assess effect of famine exposure on diabetes incidence, adjusting for potential covariates.Results: During a mean follow up of 3 years, the age-adjusted cumulative incidences of type 2 diabetes were 6.3%, 13.0% 11.0% and 13.8% in non-exposed, fetal, child and adolescence/adult-exposed cohorts, respectively (P=0.026). Compared with non-exposed individuals, relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for diabetes incidence were 2.15(1.29-3.60), 1.53(0.93-2.51), and 1.65(0.75-3.63) in those exposure in fetal, child and adolescence/adult, controlling for covariates. The interactions between famine exposure and obesity, education, family history of diabetes were not observed, except for famine exposure and residential areas. Individuals lived in rural areas increased risk for type 2 diabetes in fetal and child exposure, with an incidence relative risk (95% confidence interval) of 8.79(1.82-42.54) and 2.33(1.17-4.65), respectively.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that famine exposure in early life is an independent predictor on type 2 diabetes, particularly in women. The identification and intervention on critical time can prevent residents from diabetes in later life.The clinical trial was registered, more detail linked in https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home, as registration no. NCT01053195.

11-LB: Nonsevere Hypoglycemia Predicts Increased Risk of Subsequent Severe Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 11-LB
Author(s):  
SIMON R. HELLER ◽  
ELISE HACHMANN-NIELSEN ◽  
KAJSA KVIST
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk
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