scholarly journals Psychosocial job exposure and risk of coronary artery calcification

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252192
Author(s):  
Helena Eriksson ◽  
Kjell Torén ◽  
Annika Rosengren ◽  
Eva Andersson ◽  
Mia Söderberg
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
And Control ◽  
Demand Control

Purpose The aim was to examine potential associations between psychosocial job exposures, evaluated with the Job Demand-Control-model, and presence of coronary artery calcium. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study using the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study,(SCAPIS)pilot study. Coronary artery calcium was assessed through computed tomography of the coronary arteries and with coronary artery scoring, CACS. Main outcome was CACS ≥100 compared to CACS 0. Job demand and control was analysed according to the standard categorization of the two variables into: high strain, active, passive and low strain (reference). Associations between these variables and CACS were calculated with prevalence ratios (PR) using Cox regression with robust variance, 95% confidence intervals (CI) and adjusted for age, smoking, education, socioeconomic area and metabolic syndrome. Results In total 777 participants were used in our analyses, for which 20% of the men and 5% of the women had CACS ≥100, respectively. The PR of having CACS ≥100 was non-significantly elevated for men in high strain jobs 1.54 (95% CI 0.88–2.69) and in active jobs 1.67 (95% CI 0.92–3.06), adjusted for covariates. For women there was no association between exposure to high strain and having CACS ≥100 PR 1.02 (95% CI 0.24–4.31). Among women reporting passive job, the PR was non-significantly elevated, 2.40 (95% CI 0.83–6.92), adjusted for covariates. Conclusion The statistical power of the study was limited, but our results suggests the possibility that exposure to a high strain or an active job situation may increase the risk of CACS in men, while in women, it may rather be exposure to passive job.

scholarly journals Correlation between Serum Calcium and Phosphate with Coronary Artery Calcium Scores on Cardiac MSCT Examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Rosita Kai ◽  
Bachtiar Murtala ◽  
Andi Alfian Zainuddin ◽  
Muzakkir Amin ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Normal Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Kidney Function ◽  
The Relationship

Increased serum calcium and phosphate associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease, but research on the relationship between coronary artery calcium scores with serum calcium and phosphate in individuals with normal kidney function is lacking. We explore the relationship of serum calcium and phosphate levels with coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by cardiac Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) in individuals with normal kidney function. This study aims to assess the correlation of calcium level scores on cardiac MSCT examination with serum calcium and phosphate levels, and assess the association with risk factors for coronary heart disease. This study was a cross-sectional study of 40 subjects who underwent cardiac MSCT examination with normal kidney function, at RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar during the March-July 2019 period. The results showed an correlation between coronary artery calcium scores with calcium and serum phosphate (serum calcium r = 0.67, serum phosphate r = 0.53, p <0.05).

Abstract 569: Albuminuria, the HDL Proteome, and Prevalent Coronary Artery Calcium in Type 1 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohai Shao ◽  
Leila Zelnick ◽  
Jake Wimberger ◽  
John Brunzell ◽  
Jonathan Himmelfarb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Albuminuria is strongly associated with CVD risk and fully accounts for the excess overall mortality risk in some T1D cohorts. One important contributor might be alterations of the HDL proteome. In the current study, we tested the hypotheses that albuminuria is associated with alterations in the HDL proteome in T1D, and that these alterations are associated with prevalent CVD. We performed a cross-sectional study of 191 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) participants selected according to levels of urine albumin excretion (67 persistent normoalbuminuria, 64 persistent microalbuminuria, and 60 persistent macroalbuminuria). We used targeted proteomics and isotope dilution tandem-mass spectrometry to quantify the concentration of 47 proteins in HDL. Adjusting for age, sex, DCCT treatment group, duration of diabetes, lipid-lowering medications, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, smoking, BMI, and HbA1c, and after accounting for multiple comparisons, six proteins in HDL were significantly associated with albuminuria (2 increased and 4 decreased). For example, compared to normoalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria was associated with 57% and 177% higher AMBP ( P =0.0003) and PTGDS ( P =0.0006), respectively, and 28% and 27% lower PON1 ( P =0.002) and PON3 ( P =0.008), respectively. Furthermore, PON1 and PON3 in HDL were strongly and negatively associated with the presence of coronary artery calcium, with odds ratios per 1-SD difference of 0.63 (0.43-0.92, 95% CI, P =0.02) for PON1 and 0.59 (0.40-0.87, 95% CI, P =0.008) for PON3. Our observations indicate that the HDL proteome is remodeled in albuminuric patients with T1D, and that these alterations in HDL’s protein cargo may mediate, in part, the relationship of albuminuria with CVD. Because PON1 and PON3 are anti-atherogenic in hypercholesterolemic mice, our data suggest that low levels of PON1 and PON3 in HDL increase the risk of atherosclerosis in diabetic humans. In future studies, it will be important to determine whether reductions of PON1 and PON3 in HDL predict the risk of future CVD in subjects with T1D.

scholarly journals Coronary artery calcium in patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Trab ◽  
Rubina Attar ◽  
Svend Eggert Jensen ◽  
Simon Grøntved ◽  
Jens Brøndum Frøkjær ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
General Population ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of increased mortality rates in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is associated with CHD. We hypothesized that patients with schizophrenia have more CAC than the general population and aimed to investigate the CAC score in patients with schizophrenia compared to norms based on the general population. Additionally, this study investigated if age, sex, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking were associated with the CAC score. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 163 patients with schizophrenia underwent cardiac computed tomography, and the CAC score was measured and compared to norms by classifying the CAC scores in relation to the age- and gender matched norm 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles. Logistic and linear regression were carried out to investigate explanatory variables for the presence and extent of CAC, respectively. Results A total of 127 (77.9%) patients had a CAC score below or equal to the matched 50th, 20 (12.3%) above the 75th and nine (5.5%) above the 90th percentile. Male sex (P < 0.05), age (P < 0.001) and smoking (P < 0.05) were associated with the presence of CAC while age (P < 0.001) and diabetes (P < 0.01) were associated with the extent of CAC. Conclusions The amount of CAC in patients with schizophrenia follows norm percentiles, and variables associated with the CAC score are similar in patients with schizophrenia and the general population. These findings indicate that the CAC score may not be sufficient to detect the risk of CHD in patients with schizophrenia. Future studies should explore other measures of subclinical CHD, including measures of peripheral atherosclerosis or cardiac autonomic neuropathy to improve early detection and intervention. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02885792, September 1, 2016.

Perception of work among managers: a cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Colin
Keyword(s):  
Women Managers ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Job Support ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Demand Control

BACKGROUND The Job-Demand-Control-Support model of Karasek is the gold standard to assess perception of work, however this has been poorly studied among managers. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the perception of work (job demand, control and support) in managers, and to quantify their risk of job strain and isostrain. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on workers using the Wittyfit software. Job demand, control, and support were evaluated by self-reported questionnaires, as well as sociodemographic data. RESULTS We included 9257 workers: 8488 employees (median age of 45 years old and median seniority of 10 years, 39.4% of women) and 769 managers (463 with more than 45 years old, 343 with more than 10 years of service, 33.3% of women). Managers had higher levels than employees in job control (79.1±15.9 vs 75.5±17.6) and job support (25.1±5.6 vs 23.9±6.4) (p<0.001). Compared to employees, managers had a 40% decreased risk of job strain (high job demand and low job control) (OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.49 to 0.73), and a 46% decreased risk of isostrain (job strain with low job support) (0.54, 0.42 to 0.71) (p<0.001). Oldest workers (1.32, 1.18 to 1.48, p<0.001) and women (1.12, 1.01 to 1. 24, p=0.03) were at greater risk of job strain. Also, oldest workers (1.77, 1.52 to 2.06), and women (1.15, 1.00 to 1.31) were at greater risk of isostrain, as well as most senior workers (1.25, 1.08 to 1.45). CONCLUSIONS Managers seem to have higher autonomy and social support, and therefore are less at risk of job or isostrain than employees. Other factors such as age, seniority and gender may influence this relationship. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02596737; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02596737.

scholarly journals Psychosocial stress and minor psychiatric disorders among Agentes Socioeducadores

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 971-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Bitencourt Toscani Greco ◽  
Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago ◽  
Luis Felipe Dias Lopes ◽  
Andrea Prochnow ◽  
Juliana Petri Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Demand Control ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

OBJECTIVE: to ascertain the association between psychosocial stress and the occurrence of Minor Psychiatric Disorders in agentes socioeducadores. METHOD: a cross-sectional study with 381 agentes socioeducadores from the Centros de Atendimento Socioeducativo in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2011. Brazilian versions of the social demand-control-support at work scale were used, and of the Self Reporting Questionnaire-20. RESULTS: the prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders was 50.1%. The chances of being classified with such a disorder were higher in the high strain work quadrant (OR=2.05; CI95%=1.03-4.09) and active work quadrant (OR=1.99; CI95%=1.09-3.63) when compared to that of low strain, after adjustment for potentially confusing factors. CONCLUSION: there is a positive association between psychosocial stress (high strain and active work) and minor psychiatric disorders among agentes socioeducadores. In order to prevent mental illness among these workers, the planning of health promotion actions is necessary.

scholarly journals The demand-control model for job strain: a commentary on different ways to operationalize the exposure variable

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Guimarães de Mello Alves ◽  
Vivianne Melo Braga ◽  
Eduardo Faerstein ◽  
Claudia S. Lopes ◽  
Washington Junger
Keyword(s):  
High Strain ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposure Variable ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Demand Control

Demand-control has been the most widely used model to study job strain in various countries. However, researchers have used the model differently, thus hindering the comparison of results. Such heterogeneity appears in both the study instrument used and in the definition of the main exposure variable - high strain. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess differences between various ways of operationalizing job strain through association with prevalent hypertension in a cohort of workers (Pro-Health Study). No difference in the association between high job strain and hypertension was found according to the different ways of operationalizing exposure, even though prevalence varied widely, according to the adopted form, from 19.6% for quadrants to 42% for subtraction tertile. The authors recommend further studies to define the cutoff for exposure variables using combined subjective and objective data.

scholarly journals Job demand-control and job stress at work: A cross-sectional study among prison staff

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Shakerian ◽  
Jafar Akbari ◽  
Rouhollah Akbari ◽  
Behzad Mahaki
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Demand Control
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