scholarly journals Substance use is associated with worse mental health and altered resting state functional connectivity in female university athletes at baseline: A pilot study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253261
Author(s):  
Alyssia Wilson ◽  
Kristina Gicas ◽  
W. Dale Stevens ◽  
Lauren Sergio ◽  
Magdalena Wojtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
University Athletes

University athletes are at high risk for both substance use and mental health problems. This study examined associations between substance use, mental health symptoms, and the resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of key neural regions involved in self-monitoring and emotional regulation in a sample of female varsity athletes. 31 female university athletes completed measures of substance use, mental health symptoms, and underwent functional MRI scans during the pre-season. Athletes who were substance users had higher symptoms of depression than non-users (p = 0.04; Hedge’s g = 0.81). RsFC differences were observed between users and non-users in orbital frontal cortex (OFC) and bilateral hippocampal seeds, and negative associations between depression symptoms and rsFC in the left hippocampus and posterior cingulate cortex were observed in cannabis users. In female athletes, substance use is associated with greater self-reported depression symptoms and altered rsFC in self-monitoring and emotional regulation regions of the brain.

scholarly journals Common Brain Networks Between Major Depressive-Disorder Diagnosis and Symptoms of Depression That Are Validated for Independent Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumu Yamashita ◽  
Yuki Sakai ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Noriaki Yahata ◽  
Akira Kunimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Major Depressive

Large-scale neuroimaging data acquired and shared by multiple institutions are essential to advance neuroscientific understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms in psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD). About 75% of studies that have applied machine learning technique to neuroimaging have been based on diagnoses by clinicians. However, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the difficulty in finding a clear association between existing clinical diagnostic categories and neurobiological abnormalities. Here, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we determined and validated resting-state functional connectivity related to depression symptoms that were thought to be directly related to neurobiological abnormalities. We then compared the resting-state functional connectivity related to depression symptoms with that related to depression diagnosis that we recently identified. In particular, for the discovery dataset with 477 participants from 4 imaging sites, we removed site differences using our recently developed harmonization method and developed a brain network prediction model of depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI] score). The prediction model significantly predicted BDI score for an independent validation dataset with 439 participants from 4 different imaging sites. Finally, we found 3 common functional connections between those related to depression symptoms and those related to MDD diagnosis. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the neural circuitry of depressive symptoms in MDD, a hetero-symptomatic population, revealing the neural basis of MDD.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms following traumatic brain injury are associated with resting-state functional connectivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lizhu Luo ◽  
Christelle Langley ◽  
Laura Moreno-Lopez ◽  
Keith Kendrick ◽  
David K. Menon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity

Abstract Background To determine whether depressive symptoms in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients were associated with altered resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) or voxel-based morphology in brain regions involved in emotional regulation and associated with depression. Methods In the present study, we examined 79 patients (57 males; age range = 17–70 years, M ± s.d. = 38 ± 16.13; BDI-II, M ± s.d. = 9.84 ± 8.67) with TBI. We used structural MRI and resting-state fMRI to examine whether there was a relationship between depression, as measured with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the voxel-based morphology or functional connectivity in regions previously identified as involved in emotional regulation in patients following TBI. Patients were at least 4 months post-TBI (M ± s.d. = 15.13 ± 11.67 months) and the severity of the injury included mild to severe cases [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), M ± s.d. = 6.87 ± 3.31]. Results Our results showed that BDI-II scores were unrelated to voxel-based morphology in the examined regions. We found a positive association between depression scores and rs-fc between limbic regions and cognitive control regions. Conversely, there was a negative association between depression scores and rs-fc between limbic and frontal regions involved in emotion regulation. Conclusion These findings lead to a better understanding of the exact mechanisms that contribute to depression following TBI and better inform treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Adolescent substance use and functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and hippocampus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Huntley ◽  
Hilary A. Marusak ◽  
Sarah E. Berman ◽  
Clara G. Zundel ◽  
Joshua R.B. Hatfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Ventral Striatum ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Adolescent Substance

AbstractNeurodevelopmental explanations for adolescent substance use have focused on heightened sensitivity of the brain’s reward system, centered around the ventral striatum (VS). Recent evidence demonstrates increased functional connectivity between the VS and hippocampus in adolescents relative to adults, suggesting that the adolescent brain may learn from subsequent exposure to risks/rewards. However, a link between VS-hippocampal circuitry and adolescent substance use has yet to be established. Two separate longitudinal studies were conducted to evaluate whether variation in VS-hippocampal resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) predicts subsequent adolescent substance use. Study 1 consisted of 19 youth recruited from a high sociodemographic risk population (N = 19; 14 female; 47% Black Non-Hispanic, 32% White Non-Hispanic). To replicate results of Study 1, Study 2 utilized data from the National Consortium on Adolescent Neurodevelopment and Alcohol, an ongoing multi-site imaging study (N= 644; 339 female; 11% Black Non-Hispanic, 11% Hispanic/Latino, 66% White Non-Hispanic). Resting-state fMRI data were collected at a baseline time point and lifetime and past year self-reported substance use was collected at a follow up visit. Regression models tested whether baseline VS-hippocampal rs-FC predicted substance use at follow up. Across both studies, higher VS-hippocampal rs-FC at baseline predicted greater substance use at follow up. These data provide the first evidence linking increased VS-hippocampal connectivity with greater adolescent substance use. Results fit with the emerging idea that adolescent substance use is driven by not only a heightened sensitivity to reward, but also a stronger link between reinforcement learning and episodic memory for rewarding outcomes.

Relating Disinhibited Eating Behaviors to Resting State Functional Connectivity in Young Children

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1889-P
Author(s):  
ALLISON L.B. SHAPIRO ◽  
SUSAN L. JOHNSON ◽  
BRIANNE MOHL ◽  
GRETA WILKENING ◽  
KRISTINA T. LEGGET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Disinhibited Eating

scholarly journals The effect of congenital blindness on resting-state functional connectivity revisited

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. S. Guerreiro ◽  
Madita Linke ◽  
Sunitha Lingareddy ◽  
Ramesh Kekunnaya ◽  
Brigitte Röder
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
State Condition ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Congenital Blindness ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Congenitally Blind ◽  
Eyes Open

AbstractLower resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between ‘visual’ and non-‘visual’ neural circuits has been reported as a hallmark of congenital blindness. In sighted individuals, RSFC between visual and non-visual brain regions has been shown to increase during rest with eyes closed relative to rest with eyes open. To determine the role of visual experience on the modulation of RSFC by resting state condition—as well as to evaluate the effect of resting state condition on group differences in RSFC—, we compared RSFC between visual and somatosensory/auditory regions in congenitally blind individuals (n = 9) and sighted participants (n = 9) during eyes open and eyes closed conditions. In the sighted group, we replicated the increase of RSFC between visual and non-visual areas during rest with eyes closed relative to rest with eyes open. This was not the case in the congenitally blind group, resulting in a lower RSFC between ‘visual’ and non-‘visual’ circuits relative to sighted controls only in the eyes closed condition. These results indicate that visual experience is necessary for the modulation of RSFC by resting state condition and highlight the importance of considering whether sighted controls should be tested with eyes open or closed in studies of functional brain reorganization as a consequence of blindness.

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