scholarly journals Prevalence of nevi, atypical nevi, and lentigines in relation to tobacco smoking

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254772
Author(s):  
Birgit Sadoghi ◽  
Karin Schmid-Zalaudek ◽  
Iris Zalaudek ◽  
Regina Fink-Puches ◽  
Anna Niederkorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Melanoma Risk ◽  
Skin Examination ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Atypical Nevi ◽  
Age And Sex

Background Melanocytic nevi have a complex evolution influenced by several endogenous and exogenous factors and are known risk factors for malignant melanoma. Interestingly, tobacco use seems to be inversely associated with melanoma risk. However, the association between tobacco use and nevi and lentigines has not yet been evaluated. Methods We investigated the prevalence of nevi, atypical nevi, and lentigines in relation to tobacco smoking in a cohort of 59 smokers and 60 age- and sex-matched nonsmokers, using a questionnaire and performing a total body skin examination by experts. Results No significant differences were detected between smokers and nonsmokers in the numbers of nevi, atypical nevi, and lentigines in sun-exposed areas (p = 0.966, 0.326, and 0.241, respectively) and in non-sun-exposed areas (p = 0.095, 0.351, and 0.546, respectively). Conclusion Our results revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of nevi, atypical nevi, and lentigines between smokers and nonsmokers in sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of Malignant Melanoma Risk Factors and Their Attitudes Towards Protection from the Sun in Patients Applying to Family Physician Polyclinics

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ezgi Ağadayı ◽  
Aybüke Demir Alsancak ◽  
Duygu Üstünol ◽  
İrfan Şencan ◽  
Hatice Küçükceran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Family Physician ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Melanoma Risk

scholarly journals Public awareness of malignant melanoma risk factors in Germany.

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pfahlberg ◽  
O Gefeller ◽  
K F Kolmel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Melanoma Risk

scholarly journals The Future of Precision Prevention for Advanced Melanoma

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie J. Lee ◽  
Brigid Betz-Stablein ◽  
Mitchell S. Stark ◽  
Monika Janda ◽  
Aideen M. McInerney-Leo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Advanced Melanoma ◽  
Consumer Trust ◽  
Melanoma Risk ◽  
Melanoma Diagnosis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Personalized Risk

Precision prevention of advanced melanoma is fast becoming a realistic prospect, with personalized, holistic risk stratification allowing patients to be directed to an appropriate level of surveillance, ranging from skin self-examinations to regular total body photography with sequential digital dermoscopic imaging. This approach aims to address both underdiagnosis (a missed or delayed melanoma diagnosis) and overdiagnosis (the diagnosis and treatment of indolent lesions that would not have caused a problem). Holistic risk stratification considers several types of melanoma risk factors: clinical phenotype, comprehensive imaging-based phenotype, familial and polygenic risks. Artificial intelligence computer-aided diagnostics combines these risk factors to produce a personalized risk score, and can also assist in assessing the digital and molecular markers of individual lesions. However, to ensure uptake and efficient use of AI systems, researchers will need to carefully consider how best to incorporate privacy and standardization requirements, and above all address consumer trust concerns.

Risk and Variation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Dye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dynamic Risk Assessment ◽  
Comparative Risk ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Age And Sex

This chapter examines the factors that affect the risk of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and the risk of developing tuberculosis. Exposure to infection depends on a wide range of exogenous factors linked to the environment, the pathogen and the structure of the human host population. The purpose of identifying such risk factors is to help explain the distribution and abundance of infection and disease in populations, as well as find ways of mitigating the risks to individuals and populations as a means of TB control. This chapter takes a dynamic view of the causes of TB, where risk factors determine the rates of transition between states of health. It discusses comparative risk assessment, dynamic risk assessment, the use of epidemiological models to help refine questions about risk and etiology, and variation in risk of developing TB with age and sex.

scholarly journals Parkinson’s Disease as a Risk Factor for Melanoma: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-511
Author(s):  
Zachary Monahan ◽  
Aaron Cantor ◽  
Kent Handfield
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Melanoma Risk ◽  
Estimated Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: To review the literature and place into a quantified context the relationship of Parkinson’s disease diagnosis to a subsequent diagnosis of malignant melanoma, and to briefly explore potential molecular associations between the two diseases. Methods: The Medline database was queried with terms related to Parkinson’s disease (PD) and malignant melanoma, with use of Boolean operator AND to identify studies involving both diseases. Studies were divided into primary and meta-analyses, with exclusive evaluation of those quantifying risk of malignant melanoma after an established diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Critical studies were identified using Medline searches to identify established quantified risk metrics between classic melanoma risk factors and subsequent development of malignant melanoma. Results: Twelve primary studies and three meta-analyses were evaluated and their risk metrices tabulated. Three studies offered estimated risk of development of malignant melanoma in patients with classic melanoma risk factors. These metrices were also tabulated and compared with the metrices established by the twelve primary studies. This demonstrated a similarity in overall risk of developing malignant melanoma in a patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease as compared to a patient with classical melanoma risk factors. Limitations: Relatively few studies identified specifically quantified the classic risk factors for melanoma, and relatively few studies specifically quantified the degree of risk for developing melanoma after an established Parkinson’s disease diagnosis. Conclusion: It is wise to consider the presence of Parkinson’s disease in a patient as one factor when clinicians decide on the appropriateness of regular full body screening examinations.

Cannabis Associated “High” Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality: Marijuana Smoke Like Tobacco Smoke? A Déjà Vu/Déjà Vécu Story?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 870-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora A. Manolis ◽  
Antonis A. Manolis ◽  
Antonis S. Manolis
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
English Literature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cannabis Smoking ◽  
Deja Vu ◽  
Déjà Vu

Background: Cannabis use has increased over the past several years as some countries have legalized its use for the treatment of certain medical conditions and/or for recreational use. Thus, concerns have risen about potential adverse health effects. Increasing number of reports have associated cannabis use with serious cardiovascular (CV) complications. Furthermore, there appears to be a likeness in the harmful health effects, especially on the CV and respiratory systems, of cannabis smoking to those of tobacco smoking. Objective: To review the CV effects of cannabis use and compare them with those of tobacco use. Methods: Articles were reviewed that were published in English literature reporting on cannabis and cannabinoid pharmacology and their effects on the CV system and their consequences. Emphasis was also placed on articles reporting on cannabis use in adolescents, exposure to secondhand smoke, its effect on exercise and finally its inter-relationship and similarities with tobacco use. Results: With growing cannabis use, an increasing number of reports have emerged associating marijuana use with serious and life-threatening CV complications, including acute coronary syndromes, potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias and ischemic strokes. There are certain similarities of the deleterious CV and respiratory effects of cannabis smoking with those of tobacco smoking. Despite the difference in the active ingredients (tetrahydrocannabinol vs. nicotine), each substance produces a plethora of chemicals when smoked and these are largely identical; furthermore, due to different modes of smoking, cannabis chemicals are retained in the body for a longer time. Of course, concomitant tobacco and cannabis smoking is a perplexing factor in isolating damages specifically pertaining to cannabis use, while the health risk is additive. Although the mechanisms producing CV harm may be somewhat different between these two substances, the outcome appears similar, or even worse, as the effects may emerge at a younger age. Conclusion: There is an increasing concern that, apart from the mental health problem with cannabis smoking, societies may be facing another wave of a déjà vu/déjà vécu phenomenon similar to the tobacco smoking story.

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