scholarly journals Can “Googling” correct misbelief? Cognitive and affective consequences of online search

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256575
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Fumiaki Taka ◽  
Takahisa Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Affective Consequences ◽  
Accuracy Goal

With increasing concern over online misinformation in perspective, this study experimentally examined the cognitive as well as the affective consequences of online search. Results of the two experiments using widely shared, prejudiced misinformation about an ethnic minority in Japan indicated that (a) online search reduces on average the likelihood of believing the misinformation, (b) the magnitude of the effect is larger among those who are predisposed to believe the misinformation, (c) cognitive correction is observed whether searchers are motivated to achieve a directional goal or an accuracy goal, and (d) online search deteriorates affective feeling toward the target groups of the misinformation. Theoretical implications are discussed in relation to the robustness of confirmation bias in online search and the “belief echo” in which exposure to negative misinformation continues to shape attitudes even after the misinformation has been effectively discredited.

PRACTICAL BASE OF FORMULATING RETRAINING PROGRAMS ON ETHNIC MINORITY AFFAIRS KNOWLEDGE FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS UP TO 2030

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Dung ◽  
Giang Khac Binh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Political System ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Political ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past

As developing programs is the core in fostering knowledge on ethnic work for cadres and civil servants under Decision No. 402/QD-TTg dated 14/3/2016 of the Prime Minister, it is urgent to build training program on ethnic minority affairs for 04 target groups in the political system from central to local by 2020 with a vision to 2030. The article highlighted basic issues of practical basis to design training program of ethnic minority affairs in the past years; suggested solutions to build the training programs in integration and globalization period.

BUILDING THE PROGRAM OF TRAINING ETHNIC KNOWLEDGE FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS AND PUBLIC EMPLOYEES UP TO 2030

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Dung ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Minh ◽  
Pham Kim Cuong
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Political System ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Local Levels

Developing a ethnic knowledge training program for cadres, civil servants and public employees according to 04 target groups (Prime Minister, 2018) in the political system from the central to local levels to meet the requirements of ethnic minority affairs up to 2030 is an urgent task. Because the program is “the core” to create a breakthrough in training ethnic knowledge, improving the capacity of the contingent of cadres, civil servants and public employees in formulating ethnic policies and organizing the implementation of Party and State’s policies in the current period. The article analyzes the results of theoretical and practical research on the development of ethnic knowledge training program and provides the results of developing a program that meets the requirements of Vietnam’s ethnic minority affairs from now to 2030.

Naming Crime Suspects in the News

2017 ◽  
pp. 207-225
Author(s):  
Robin Blom
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
News Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Ethics Codes ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Whereas some news outlets fully identify crime suspects with name, age, address, and other personal details, other news outlets refuse to fully identify any crime suspect—or even people who have been convicted for a crime. News media from a variety of countries have accused and fully identified people of being responsible for crimes, although those persons turned out to be innocent. Yet, when someone types the names of those people in online search engines, for many, stories containing the accusations will turn up at the top of the search results. This chapter examines the positive and negative aspects from those practices by examining journalistic routines in a variety of countries, such as the United States, Nigeria, and The Netherlands. This analysis demonstrates that important ethical imperatives—often represented in ethics codes of professional journalism organizations—can be contradictory in these decision-making processes. Journalists need to weigh whether they would like to “seek truth and report it” or “minimize harm” when describing crime suspects.

Qualitative Research Supports Health Education for Ethnic Minority Women: How to Reach “Inaccessible” Women

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
S. F. M. Van Wersch ◽  
H. P. Uniken Venema
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Ethnic Minority Women ◽  
Moroccan Women ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Municipal Health

In Holland, health education for ethnic minority women is provided in the mother tongue of these groups. Moroccan women constitute one of the target groups for this kind of health education. It proved to be difficult, however, to get Moroccan women to participate. Therefore the Municipal Health Service in Rotterdam organized a study of the health situation and social contacts of Moroccan women. This project provided information about the living conditions of Moroccan women, about places they do and do not visit and about ways in which they gather information on health and health care facilities. This evidently holds implications for the planning of health education for foreign women in the future.

Google Scholar's Filter Bubble

2017 ◽  
pp. 211-229
Author(s):  
Ke Yu ◽  
Nazeem Mustapha ◽  
Nadeem Oozeer
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Search Behaviour ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Exploratory Experiment ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
Academic Search

This chapter investigates the allegation that popular online search engine Google applies algorithms to personalise search results therefore yielding different results for the exact same search terms. It specifically examines whether the same alleged filter bubble applies to Google's academic product: Google Scholar. It reports the results from an exploratory experiment of nine keywords carried out for this purpose, varying variables such as disciplines (Natural Science, Social Science and Humanities), geographic locations (north/south), and levels (senior/junior researchers). It also reports a short survey on academic search behaviour. The finding suggests that while Google Scholar, together with Google, has emerged as THE dominant search engine among the participants of this study, the alleged filter bubble is only mildly observable. The Jaccard similarity of search results for all nine keywords is strikingly high, with only one keyword that exhibits a localized bubble at 95% level. This chapter therefore concludes that the filter bubble phenomenon does not warrant concern.

Quality of health-related online search results

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 454-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Kitchens ◽  
Christopher A. Harle ◽  
Shengli Li
Keyword(s):  
Online Search ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Health Related

Naming Crime Suspects in the News

2020 ◽  
pp. 354-372
Author(s):  
Robin Blom
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
News Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Ethics Codes ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Whereas some news outlets fully identify crime suspects with name, age, address, and other personal details, other news outlets refuse to fully identify any crime suspect—or even people who have been convicted for a crime. News media from a variety of countries have accused and fully identified people of being responsible for crimes, although those persons turned out to be innocent. Yet, when someone types the names of those people in online search engines, for many, stories containing the accusations will turn up at the top of the search results. This chapter examines the positive and negative aspects from those practices by examining journalistic routines in a variety of countries, such as the United States, Nigeria, and The Netherlands. This analysis demonstrates that important ethical imperatives—often represented in ethics codes of professional journalism organizations—can be contradictory in these decision-making processes. Journalists need to weigh whether they would like to “seek truth and report it” or “minimize harm” when describing crime suspects.

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