Brain structures and activity during a working memory task associated with internet addiction tendency in young adults: A large sample study

The structural and functional brain characteristics associated with the excessive use of the internet have attracted substantial research attention in the past decade. In current study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between internet addiction tendency (IAT) score and regional gray and white matter volumes (rGMVs and rWMVs) and brain activity during a WM task in a large sample of healthy young adults (n = 1,154, mean age, 20.71 ± 1.78 years). We found a significant positive correlation between IAT score and gray matter volume (GMV) of right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG) and significant negative correlations with white matter volume (WMV) of right temporal lobe (sub-gyral and superior temporal gyrus), right sublobar area (extra-nuclear and lentiform nucleus), right cerebellar anterior lobe, cerebellar tonsil, right frontal lobe (inferior frontal gyrus and sub-gyral areas), and the pons. Also, IAT was significantly and positively correlated with brain activity in the default-mode network (DMN), medial frontal gyrus, medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex during a 2-back working memory (WM) task. Moreover, whole-brain analyses of rGMV showed significant effects of interaction between sex and the IAT scores in the area spreading around the left anterior insula and left lentiform. This interaction was moderated by positive correlation in women. These results indicate that IAT is associated with (a) increased GMV in rSMG, which is involved in phonological processing, (b) decreased WMV in areas of frontal, sublobar, and temporal lobes, which are involved in response inhibition, and (c) reduced task-induced deactivation of the DMN, indicative of altered attentional allocation.

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Brain Structures and Activity During a Working Memory Task Associated with Internet Addiction Tendency in Young Adults

10.21203/rs.3.rs-153035/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saeid Sadeghi ◽

Hikaru Takeuchi ◽

Bita Shalani ◽

Yasuyuki Taki ◽

Rui Nouchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Young Adults ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Small Sample ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Research Attention ◽

Lentiform Nucleus ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

The Relationship

Abstract An increasing number of young people use internet excessively over the last decades, which leads to adverse impacts on individuals and society. The structural and functional brain characteristics associated with the excessive use of the internet have attracted substantial research attention in the past decade; however, due to the small sample sizes of past studies, many findings are inconsistent. Also, the relationship between internet addiction tendency (IAT) and regional brain activity during working memory (WM), a critical cognitive function governing learned behavior, has not been explored. In current study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between IAT score and regional gray and white matter volumes (rGMVs and rWMVs) and brain activity during a WM task in a large sample of healthy young adults (n= 1,154, mean age, 20.71 ± 1.78 years).We found a significant positive correlation between IAT score and GMV of right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG) and significant negative correlations with WMVs of right temporal lobe (sub-gyral and superior temporal gyrus), right sublobar area (extra-nuclear and lentiform nucleus), right cerebellar anterior lobe, cerebellar tonsil, right frontal lobe (inferior frontal gyrus and sub-gyral areas), and the pons. Also, IAT was significantly and positively correlated with brain activity in the default-mode network (DMN), medial frontal gyrus, medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex) during a 2-back WM task. Moreover, whole-brain analyses of rGMV showed significant effects of interaction between sex and the IAT scores in the area spreading around the left anterior insula and left lentiform. This interaction was moderated by positive correlation in females.These results indicate that IAT is associated with (a) increased GMV in rSMG, which is involved in phonological processing, (b) decreased WMVs in areas of frontal, sublobar, and temporal lobes, which are involved in response inhibition, and (c) reduced task-induced deactivation of the DMN, indicative of altered attentional allocation.

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The relationship between working memory and cerebral white matter volume in survivors of childhood brain tumors treated with conformal radiation therapy

Journal of Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1007/s11060-014-1476-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 119 (1) ◽

pp. 197-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lisa M. Jacola ◽

Jason M. Ashford ◽

Wilburn E. Reddick ◽

John O. Glass ◽

Robert J. Ogg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

White Matter ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

White Matter Volume ◽

Childhood Brain Tumors ◽

Conformal Radiation Therapy ◽

Matter Volume ◽

The Relationship

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Prevalence of white matter hyperintensities is not elevated in a large sample of adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0886 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Z. Mehrhof ◽

Najla Popel ◽

Megan Mio ◽

Weicong Lu ◽

Chinthaka C. Heyn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Young Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Large Sample

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Nicotine Effects on White Matter Microstructure in Young Adults

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acy101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 10-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Megan M Kangiser ◽

Alicia M Thomas ◽

Christine M Kaiver ◽

Krista M Lisdahl

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Young Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Sustained Attention ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Mean Diffusivity ◽

White Matter Microstructure

Abstract Objective Nicotine use is widely prevalent among youth, and is associated with white matter microstructural changes as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In adults, nicotine use is generally associated with lower fractional anisotropy (FA), but in adolescents/young adults (≤30 years), microstructure appears healthier, indicated by higher FA. This cross-sectional study examined associations between nicotine use and white matter microstructure using fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) in young adults. Methods Fifty-three participants (18 nicotine users [10 female]/35 controls [17 female]) ages 18–25 underwent MRI scan, neuropsychological battery, toxicology screening, and drug use interview. Nicotine group associations with FA and MD were examined in various white matter tracts. In significant tracts, AD and RD were measured. Exploratory correlations were conducted between significant tracts and verbal memory and sustained attention/working memory performance. Results Nicotine users exhibited significantly lower FA than controls in the left anterior thalamic radiation, left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, left superior longitudinal fasciculus—temporal, and left uncinate fasciculus. In these tracts, AD and RD did not differ, nor did MD differ in any tract. White matter quality was positively correlated with sustained attention/working memory performance. Conclusions Cigarette smoking may disrupt white matter microstructure. These results are consistent with adult studies, but inconsistent with adolescent/young adult studies, likely due to methodological and sample age differences. Further studies should examine longitudinal effects of nicotine use on white matter microstructure in a larger sample.

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Effects of Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk Scores on Brain Activity and Performance During Working Memory Subprocesses in Healthy Young Adults

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbx140 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 844-853 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jacob A Miller ◽

Matthew A Scult ◽

Emily Drabant Conley ◽

Qiang Chen ◽

Daniel R Weinberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Young Adults ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Polygenic Risk ◽

And Performance

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Working Memory Training Strategies and Their Influence on Changes in Brain Activity and White Matter

Proceedings in Adaptation, Learning and Optimization - Proceedings of the 18th Asia Pacific Symposium on Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems - Volume 2 ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-13356-0_22 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 267-278

Author(s):

Tomoyuki Hiroyasu ◽

Shogo Obuchi ◽

Misato Tanaka ◽

Tatsuya Okamura ◽

Utako Yamamoto

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

White Matter ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Working Memory Training ◽

Memory Training ◽

Training Strategies

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Milk and dairy consumption correlates with cerebral cortical as well as cerebral white matter volume in healthy young adults

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition ◽

10.3109/09637486.2015.1093609 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (7) ◽

pp. 826-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gergely Darnai ◽

Enikő Plózer ◽

Gábor Perlaki ◽

Gergely Orsi ◽

Szilvia Anett Nagy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

White Matter Volume ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Dairy Consumption

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Can Cortical and White Matter Deviations Explain Deficits in Working Memory and Processing Speed in VLBW Young Adults?

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1038/pr.2011.576 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 351-351

Author(s):

J Skranes ◽

G C Løhaugen ◽

L Eikenes ◽

M Martinussen ◽

A Håberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Young Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Processing Speed

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Asymmetry Map of Human Brain in Young Adults

10.1101/2020.12.03.409805 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Malekzadeh ◽

Alireza Kashani

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Human Brain ◽

Surface Area ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Cortical Surface ◽

Cortical Surface Area ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Cortical Regions

AbstractAlthough, asymmetry is a central organizational aspect of human brain, it has not been clearly described yet. Here, we have studied structural brain asymmetry in 1113 young adults using data obtained from Human Connectome Project. A significant rightward asymmetry in mean global cerebral cortical thickness, surface area and gray matter volume as well as volumes of cerebral white matter, cerebellar cortex and white matter, hippocampus, putamen, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens and amygdala was observed. Thalamus showed a leftward asymmetry. Regionally, most cerebral cortical regions show a significant rightward asymmetry in thickness. However, cortical surface area and gray matter volume are more evenly distributed between two hemispheres with almost half of the regions showing a leftward asymmetry. In addition, a strong correlation between cortical surface area and gray matter volume as well as their asymmetry indices was noted which results in concordant asymmetry patterns between cortical surface area and gray matter volume in most cortical regions.

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