scholarly journals Relationship between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and COVID-19 during the first and second pandemic wave. The importance of monitoring COVID-19 incidence

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260275
Author(s):  
Enrico Baldi ◽  
Roberto Primi ◽  
Sara Bendotti ◽  
Alessia Currao ◽  
Sara Compagnoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pandemic Wave

Background The relationship between COVID-19 and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) has been shown during different phases of the first pandemic wave, but little is known about how to predict where cardiac arrests will increase in case of a third peak. Aim To seek for a correlation between the OHCAs and COVID-19 daily incidence both during the two pandemic waves at a provincial level. Methods We considered all the OHCAs occurred in the provinces of Pavia, Lodi, Cremona, Mantua and Varese, in Lombardy Region (Italy), from 21/02/2020 to 31/12/2020. We divided the study period into period 1, the first 157 days after the outbreak and including the first pandemic wave and period 2, the second 158 days including the second pandemic wave. We calculated the cumulative and daily incidence of OHCA and COVID-19 for the whole territory and for each province for both periods. Results A significant correlation between the daily incidence of COVID-19 and the daily incidence of OHCAs was observed both during the first and the second pandemic period in the whole territory (R = 0.4, p<0.001 for period 1 and 2) and only in those provinces with higher COVID-19 cumulative incidence (period 1: Cremona R = 0.3, p = 0.001; Lodi R = 0.4, p<0.001; Pavia R = 0.3; p = 0.01; period 2: Varese R = 0.4, p<0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that strictly monitoring the pandemic trend may help in predict which territories will be more likely to experience an OHCAs’ increase. That may also serve as a guide to re-allocate properly health resources in case of further pandemic waves.

scholarly journals Perfiles de personalidad y síndromes clínicos en personas sin hogar

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Jose M. Rodríguez-Pellejero ◽  
Juan L. Núñez ◽  
Débora Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Personality Patterns ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Personality profiles and clinical syndromes in the homeless . The aims of this study were to analyze in a sample of homeless persons the prevalence of clinical personality patterns and clinical syndromes, to examine the relationship between the two, and to identify common personality profiles. Participants were 144 subjects, 35 women and 109 men, with a mean age of 42 years, all in a situation of chronic social exclusion, 67% were homeless for more than a year, and 33% more than three years. During the evaluation period they resided in a shelter for the homeless. Results showed that clinical personality patterns and clinical syndromes with higher prevalence, according to Millon’s model, were respectively: depressive, narcissistic and paranoid, as well as anxiety, drug dependence and thought disorder. In addition, cluster analysis classified subjects into two groups "narcissistic-adaptive" and "depressive-paranoid". These results suggest that treatment and health resources should be adapted based on psychiatric deterioration, considering the homeless as a heterogeneous group with different psychosocial needs.Resumen: Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: analizar la prevalencia de patrones clínicos de personalidad y de síndromes clínicos, examinar la relación entre ambos e identificar perfiles de personalidad comunes en una muestra de personas sin hogar. Los participantes fueron 144 sujetos, 35 mujeres y 109 hombres, con una media de edad de 42 años, todos ellos en una situación de exclusión social crónica, el 67% llevaba sin hogar un periodo de tiempo superior a un año, y el 33% más de tres años. Durante el periodo de evaluación residían en un albergue para personas sin hogar. Los resultados mostraron que los patrones clínicos de personalidad y los síndromes clínicos de mayor prevalencia, de acuerdo al modelo de Millon, fueron: depresivo, narcisista y paranoide, así como la ansiedad, la drogodependencia y el trastorno del pensamiento, respectivamente. Además, el análisis de cluster clasificó a los sujetos en dos grupos “narcisista-adaptativo” y “depresivo-paranoide”. Estos resultados sugieren que se deben adaptar los tratamientos y recursos sanitarios en función del deterioro psiquiátrico, considerando a las personas sin hogar como un colectivo heterogéneo con necesidades psicosociales diferentes.

scholarly journals EVALUATING TREATMENT-SEEKING BEHAVIOR AND THE RELATED FACTORS AMONG THE DWELLERS OF SAFASHAHR CITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Sarehrashidi . ◽  
Abbas Yazdanpanah ◽  
Parvizaghayiibarzabad .
Keyword(s):  
Family Physician ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTObjective: The present study aims to recognize and evaluate treatment-seeking behavior and the related factors among the dwellers of Safashahr city.Methods: The current applied research is cross-sectional with a population size of 380 and executed in a systematic random sampling among thedwellers of Safashahr city and the villages governed by it. SPSS version 22 has been utilized for analyzing the data in this study. T-test, Chi-squarevariance analysis, Pearson test, and Spearman test have been used to evaluate the significance and the relationship between the understudy variableswith the treatment-seeking variables.Results: 75% of participants in the study have reported being diagnosed with illness in the past 6 months. Visiting family physician was rankedhighest with an average 3.36 followed by public hospitals with an average of 3.05. However, they chose to go to clinic centers with an average of2.1. Self-medication has been reported for an average of 2.6% and 88.2% of the participants in this study have preferred to ignore the medium andless than medium treatment. In this study, a significant relationship has been found between age, number of family members, living location, salary,habitation status, and type of insurance with at least one of the search-for-treatment (p<0.05).Conclusion: Taking into account the findings of the research, lifting the society’s awareness about the consequences of self-medication and ignorancetoward treatment, continuing and executing the urban family physician in other areas, implementation of measures for limiting access to unprescribedmedications, increasing satisfaction, and trust toward public sector and provision and allocation of health resources across cities are recommended asappropriate solutions to improving the pattern of using health services.Keywords: Treatment seeking behavior, Self-medication.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequality in recent adverse all-cause mortality trends in Scotland

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Fenton ◽  
Grant MA Wyper ◽  
Gerry McCartney ◽  
Jon Minton
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mortality Improvement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mortality Improvements ◽  
Index Of Multiple Deprivation

BackgroundGains in life expectancies have stalled in Scotland, as in several other countries, since around 2012. The relationship between stalling mortality improvements and socioeconomic inequalities in health is unclear.MethodsWe calculate the difference, as percentage change, in all-cause, all-age, age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) between 2006 and 2011 (period 1) and between 2012 and 2017 (period 2), for Scotland overall, by sex, and by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintile. Linear regression is used to summarise the relationship between SIMD quintile and mortality rate change in each period.ResultsBetween 2006 and 2011, the overall ASMR fell by 10.6% (138/100 000), by 10.1% in women, and 11.8% in men, but between 2012 and 2017 the overall ASMR fell by only 2.6% (30/100 000), by 3.5% in women, and by 2.0% in men. Within the most deprived quintile, the overall ASMR fell by 8.6% (143/100 000) from 2006 to 2011 (7.2% in women; 9.8% in men), but rose by 1.5% (21/100 000) from 2012 to 2017 (0.7% in women; 2.1% in men).The socioeconomic gradient in ASMR improvement more than quadrupled, from 0.4% per quintile in period 1, to 1.7% per quintile in period 2.ConclusionFrom 2012 to 2017, socioeconomic gradients in mortality improvement in Scotland were markedly steeper than over the preceding 6 years. As a result, there has not only been a slowdown in overall reductions in mortality, but a widening of socioeconomic mortality inequalities.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Atherosclerosis to the 10-Year Cumulative Incidence of Age-related Macular Degeneration: The Beaver Dam Studies

Ophthalmology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Klein ◽  
Karen J. Cruickshanks ◽  
Chelsea E. Myers ◽  
Theru A. Sivakumaran ◽  
Sudha K. Iyengar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Beaver Dam ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Cumulative incidence of infertility in a New Zealand birth cohort to age 38 by sex and the relationship with family formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053-1058.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea van Roode ◽  
Nigel Patrick Dickson ◽  
Alida Antoinette Righarts ◽  
Wayne Richard Gillett
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Functional heterogeneity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase as indicated by its differential development and inducibility by glucocorticoids. Demonstration of two groups within the enzyme's activity towards twelve substrates

1978 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Wishart
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Differential Development ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Foetal Liver ◽  
Group A ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Udp Glucuronosyltransferase ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity towards 12 substrates has been assessed in rat liver during the perinatal period. 2. Between days 16 and 20 of gestation, enzyme activities towards the substrates 2-aminophenol, 2-aminobenzoate, 4-nitrophenol, 1-naphthol, 4-methylumbelliferone and 5-hydroxytryptamine (the ‘late foetal’ group) surge to reach adult values, while activities towards bilirubin, testosterone, beta-oestradiol, morphine, phenolphthalein, and chloramphenicol (the ‘neonatal’ group) remain negligible or at less than 10% of adult values. 3. By the second postnatal day, enzyme activities towards the neonatal group have attained, or approached adult values. 4. Dexamethasone precociously stimulates in 17-day foetal liver in utero transferase activities in the late foetal, but not the neonatal group. A similar inductive pattern is found for 15-day foetal liver in organ culture. 5. It is suggested that foetal glucocorticoids, whose synthesis markedly increases between days 16 and 20 of gestation, are responsibile for triggering the simultaneous surge of all the hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities in the late foetal group. The neonatal group of activities apparently require a different or additional stimulus for their appearance. 6. The relationship of these two groups of transferase activities to other similar groups observed during induction by xenobiotics and enzyme purification is discussed.

scholarly journals Relationship between urban tourism traffic and tourism land use: A case study of Xiamen Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 761-776
Author(s):  
Yueer Gao ◽  
Yanqing Liao ◽  
Donggen Wang ◽  
Yongguang Zou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The development of tourism leads to changes in land-use demands and patterns, which are complex and dynamic, in tourist cities. Functional differences in land use produce different travel needs and have different impacts on traffic, especially on tourism. This paper explores the relationship between tourism land use and tourism traffic. Taking Xiamen Island as an example, using multivariable linear regression models, tourism land use is divided into accommodation land use, shopping land use and restaurant land use as the independent variables of the model; and the origin-destination (OD) density of traffic analysis zones (TAZs) during National Day in 2018 (October 1 to 5) is chosen as the dependent variable. To compare the different impacts between tourism land use and tourism traffic during the tourism and non-tourism periods, the non-tourism period (March 11 to 15) is further studied. The results show the following: (1) Xiamen, as a tourism city, has not only regular traffic but also tourism traffic, and traffic during the tourism period is totally different than that in the non-tourism period. (2) Tourism land use has a considerable impact on both tourism traffic and non-tourism traffic, but the impact is greater during the tourism period than the non-tourism period. (3) In the morning peak hour of both the tourism period and the non-tourism period, accommodation land use shows prominent effects on traffic. In the evening peak hour, shopping land use significantly impacts traffic. The study provides a basis for urban tourism land use adjustment to achieve the sustainable development of tourism traffic.

A genomic classifier to identify men with adverse pathology post radical prostatectomy who benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
Robert Benjamin Den ◽  
Kasra Yousefi ◽  
Edouard John Trabulsi ◽  
Firas Abdollah ◽  
Voleak Choeurng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Prognostic Accuracy ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
The Relationship

168 Background: The optimal timing of postoperative radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy (post-RP RT) is unclear. We hypothesized that a genomic classifier (GC) would provide prognostic and predictive insight into the development of clinical metastases in men receiving post-RP RT and inform decision-making. Methods: GC scores were calculated from 188 patients with pT3 or margin positive PCa, who received post-RP RT at Thomas Jefferson University and Mayo Clinic, between 1990 and 2009. The primary endpoint was clinical metastasis. Prognostic accuracy of the models were tested using c-index and decision curve analysis. Cox regression tested the relationship between GC and metastasis. Results: The cumulative incidence of metastasis at 5 years post-RT was 0%, 9%, and 29% for low, average, and high GC scores, respectively (p=0.002). In multivariable analysis, GC and pre-RP PSA were independent predictors of metastasis (both p<0.01). Within the low GC score (<0.4), there were no differences in the cumulative incidence of metastasis comparing those who received adjuvant or salvage RT (p=0.79). However, for patients with higher GC scores (≥0.4) cumulative incidence of metastasis at 5-year was 6% vs. 23% for patients treated with adjuvant vs. salvage RT (p<0.01). Conclusions: In patients treated with post-RP RT, GC is prognostic for the development of clinical metastasis beyond routine clinical/pathologic features. Though preliminary, patients with low GC are best treated with salvage radiation, while those with high GC benefit from adjuvant therapy. These findings provide the first rationale selection of timing of post-RP RT.

Inequality and Growth in a Developing Economy: Evidence from Regional Data (Spain, 1860–1930)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-192
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Beltrán Tapia ◽  
Julio Martinez-Galarraga
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Regional Data ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Modern Economic Growth ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Rural Exodus ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThis article measures inequality at the provincial level in Spain for different benchmark years between 1860 and 1930. It then empirically assesses the relationship between economic growth and inequality. The results confirm that, although growing incomes did not directly contribute to reducing inequality, at least during the early stages of modern economic growth, other processes associated with economic growth such as the rural exodus to urban and industrial centers, the demographic transition, and the spread of literacy, among others, notably improved the situation of the bottom part of the population.

scholarly journals Relationships between Serum Levels of Atazanavir and Renal Toxicity or Lithiasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. Marinescu ◽  
M. Leyes ◽  
M. A. Ribas ◽  
M. Peñaranda ◽  
J. Murillas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Palma De Mallorca ◽  
The Relationship

The main aim of this study is to describe the relationship between serum levels of atazanavir, renal toxicity, and lithiasis. This is a prospective observational study of patients being treated with atazanavir (ATV) at Son Espases Teaching Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, between 2011 and 2013. The study includes 98 patients. Sixteen were found to have a history of urolithiasis. During a median monitoring period of 23 months, nine patients suffered renal colic, in three of whom ATV crystals were evidenced in urine. Cumulative incidence of renal colic was 9.2 per 100 patients. The variables related to having renal colic were the presence of alkaline urine pH and lower basal creatinine clearance. The mean serum level of ATV was slightly higher in patients with renal colic—1,303 μg/L versus 1,161 μg/L—but did not reach statistical significance. Neither were any significant differences detected by analysing the levels according to the timetable for ATV dosage. Cumulative incidence of renal colic was high in patients being treated with ATV, in 33% of whom the presence of ATV crystals was evidenced in urine. We were unable to demonstrate a relationship between ATV serum levels and renal colic or progression towards renal failure.

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