scholarly journals Gender sensitivity and stereotypes in medical university students: An Italian cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262324
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Bert ◽  
Edoardo Boietti ◽  
Stefano Rousset ◽  
Erika Pompili ◽  
Eleonora Franzini Tibaldeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Gender Medicine ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Awareness ◽  
Students Attitudes

Gender medicine is crucial to reduce health inequalities. Knowledge about students’ attitudes and beliefs regarding men, women and gender is important to improve gender medicine courses. The aim of this study is to evaluate gender stereotypes and its predictors in Italian medical students. We performed an online cross-sectional study among students from the University of Turin. We used the validated Nijmegen Gender Awareness Scale in Medicine scale to explore gender sensitivity and stereotypes. Multivariable logistic regression model was performed to explore potential predictors of gender awareness. We enrolled 430 students. Female sex, a better knowledge on gender medicine and having had a tutor aware of gender issues are associated with higher gender sensitivity. Older age, a better knowledge on gender medicine and having had a tutor sensitive to gender issues were predictors of more stereotyped opinions towards patients. Having had a tutor aware of gender medicine, male sex and older age were associated with more stereotypes towards doctors. Italian students have high gender sensitivity and low gender stereotypes. Age, higher knowledge of gender medicine and having had a tutor that considered gender were associated with higher gender stereotypes. Focusing on gender awareness in medical schools can contribute to a better care.

scholarly journals Gender stereotypes in occupational choice: a cross-sectional study on a group of Italian adolescents [Erratum]

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 155-156
Author(s):  
Tiziana Ramaci ◽  
Monica Pellerone ◽  
Caterina Ledda ◽  
Giovambattista Presti ◽  
Valeria Squatrito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Italian Adolescents

scholarly journals Pharmacy students’ attitudes toward patient safety in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monira Alwhaibi ◽  
Yazed AlRuthia ◽  
Haya Almalag ◽  
Hadeel Alkofide ◽  
Bander Balkhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Students Attitudes

scholarly journals The Effect of Patient Characteristics and Sleep Quality on Visual Field Performance Reliability

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarup S. Swaminathan ◽  
Matthew B. Greenberg ◽  
Elizabeth A. Vanner ◽  
Kara M. Cavuoto ◽  
Sarah R. Wellik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To investigate the association of automated visual field (VF) reliability indices (false positive [FP], false negative [FN], and fixation loss [FL]) and sleep quality, VF experience, and age. Methods. Prospective, cross-sectional study. Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) completing automated VF testing were invited to participate. Baseline participant characteristics were obtained, and all participants were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Nonparametric Spearman correlations and logistical regression models were performed. Results. 63 patients were enrolled. Lower PSQI score was correlated with higher percentage (%) FL in the right eye (p=0.03). Fewer prior VF was significantly correlated with higher %FP in the right eye (p=0.008). Older age was significantly correlated with higher %FN in the left eye (p=0.01). Greater mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) were strongly correlated with higher %FN in the right (p=0.02 and 0.002, resp.) and left eyes (p=0.01 and 0.02, resp.). Conclusion. In this prospective, cross-sectional study, worse MD and PSD are strongly correlated with increased FN in both eyes. Increased FN in the left eye associated with older age might be attributable to test fatigue. Worse sleep quality is associated with decreased FL in the right eye.

scholarly journals Dermatological disease in the older age group: a cross-sectional study in aged care facilities

BMJ Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e009941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maneka S Deo ◽  
Ngaire Kerse ◽  
Alain C Vandal ◽  
Paul Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Aged Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatological Disease ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Aged Care Facilities ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Factors Related to Locomotive Syndrome in School-Aged Children in Okazaki: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Yingzhi Gu ◽  
Tadashi Ito ◽  
Yuji Ito ◽  
Koji Noritake ◽  
Nobuhiko Ochi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Locomotive Syndrome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of locomotive syndrome with other physical characteristics and lifestyle habits in children has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of children’s locomotive syndrome, and to determine its relationship with the above-mentioned factors. This was a cross-sectional study of 285 elementary school children who volunteered to participate in a medical checkup for physical function. Data was collected via medical examination, clinical measurements, and questionnaires. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the relationship (odds ratios; ORs) of participants’ characteristics, physical functions, and other outcomes determined by questionnaire on locomotive syndrome. The following factors were related to locomotive syndrome: older age (OR = 1.421, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.039, 1.945]), male sex (OR = 4.011, 95% CI [2.189, 7.347]), and more time spent watching television per day (OR = 1.281, 95% CI [1.001, 1.640]). These results may assist in the encouragement of children to perform appropriate physical activities and avoid unhealthy lifestyle habits, reducing the occurrence of locomotive syndrome.

scholarly journals Khat chewing practice and associated factors among medical students in university of Gondar, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Adane Birhan ◽  
Walelegn Worku ◽  
Jember Azanaw ◽  
Lamrot Yohannes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Globally, khat chewing practice becoming an alarming and common among the youth generation especially in higher educational institutions. It may also leads to frequent misbehavior, poor academic performance and memory impairment among students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of khat chewing and associated factors among medical students in University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed on 422 medical students. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Stratified followed by random sampling was employed to select the samples. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify the predictors. P ≤ 0.05 was used to select statistically significant factors.Result: The current prevalence of khat chewing among medical students was 21.5%. The odds of khat chewing was higher among males [AOR=3.353; 95%CI (1.460-7.701)], Muslims [AOR=6.390; 95%CI (1.903-21.460)], fifth and six year students [AOR= 3.391; 95%CI (1.354-8.488)], smokers [AOR=5.081; 95%CI (1.898-13.601)], alcohol users [AOR=4.872; 95%CI (2.094-11.332)], students who had khat chewer close friends [AOR=30.645; 95%CI (12.261-76.589)].Conclusion: Since a significant proportion of students chew khat, continuous awareness creation on the impact of khat chewing and counseling services are recommended.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of cognitive function in women with a history of eating disorders in the UK Biobank cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bracho ◽  
Breda Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the cognitive functions of women who reported a history of eating disorders (ED) with women who did not report any such history. Within the group of women who reported a history of ED, it aimed to compare the cognitive functions of those who met anorexia nervosa body mass index (BMI) criteria at the time of assessment with those who did not meet such criteria. Method: The sample in this observational cross-sectional study belonged to the UK Biobank cohort, and consisted of 260,601 women in middle to older age, of whom 347 had a lifetime history of ED. Participants underwent sociodemographic, medical and psychological evaluation, and were assessed with four computerized cognitive tasks. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to take account of covariates. Results: Slower reaction time was found in those with an ED history: differences of small effect size were found across different levels of model adjustment (d=-.096 [95% CI -.201, .009] to -.150 [95% CI -.249, -.052]). Reasoning, visuospatial memory and prospective memory were not significantly different between those with and without a history of ED. A consistent pattern of results was not found when comparing the sub-sample of participants with ED split according to current BMI criteria. Discussion: The findings suggest that an ED history may correlate with slower processing speed in middle to older age, but this may be partly accounted for by clinical covariates. Further research in population-representative cohorts is required.

scholarly journals Prevalence of heavy episodic drinking and associated factors among adults residing in Arba Minch health and demographic surveillance site: a cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Befikadu Tariku Gutema ◽  
Adefris Chuka ◽  
Gistane Ayele ◽  
Eshetu Zerhun Tariku ◽  
Zeleke Aschalew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Surveillance Site ◽  
Surveillance Site

Abstract Background Alcohol consumption is associated with different types of illnesses; particularly heavy episodic drinking is one of the risk factors for the disease burden of alcohol intake. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of heavy episodic drinking and associated factors in Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS). Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among adult residents of Arba Minch HDSS. Using Arba Minch HDSS database, 3368 individuals were selected by simple random sampling techniques. From WHO STEPS instruments, step one was applied for this study. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.10 for bivariate analysis entered into a multivariable logistic regression model to outline the independent predictors of the heavy episodic drinking. To assess the presence of an association between dependent and independent variables, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered. Results The prevalence of heavy episodic drinking was 13.7% (95% CI: 12.6–14.9). The study has shown that heavy episodic drinking was significantly associated with occupation (daily laborer [AOR = 0.49; 95% C.I: 0.29–0.85] and housewives [AOR = 0.63; 95% C.I: 0.45–0.88] compared with farmers), wealth index (2nd quintiles [AOR =0.55; 95% C.I: 0.41–0.74) and 3rd quintiles [AOR = 0.66; 95% C.I: 0.46–0.93] compared with 1st quintiles), and climatic zone (midland [AOR = 1.80;95% CI: 1.11–2.93), highland [AOR = 1.95;95% CI: 1.19–3.18] compared with lowland). In addition, tobacco use [AOR = 4.28;95% CI: 3.38–5.43], and khat use [AOR = 4.75; 95% CI: 2.66–8.50) were also associated with heavy episodic drinking among the study participants. Conclusions More than one in ten adults reported heavy episodic drinking in the study area. Intervention programs that aim to prevent heavy episodic drinking should be designed appropriately for individuals from lower wealth status, and for highlander.

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