scholarly journals Different from Others? Jews as Slave Owners and Traders in the Persian and Hellenistic Periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Haggai Olshanetsky ◽  
Yael Escojido
Keyword(s):  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Persian Period ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject

The subject of Jews as slave owners and traders throughout history received much greater attention in the last few decades. But there is no research that focuses on the Persian and Hellenistic periods and their relevant findings. This current article hopes to do exactly that. This article shows that Jews owned slaves and even traded them throughout the Persian period and during the Hellenistic period until the rise of the Hasmonean Kingdom. The slaves themselves were not only gentiles but also Jews, who received no special treat-ment from their co-religionists. Regarding the ownership of slaves, it was found that each Jewish owner treated his slaves differently, showing a huge gap between the biblical laws on the matter and the reality. The different texts and finds brought here are a testimony to the disregard of the Biblical laws on slaves, and the subsequent similarity between the Jews and their gentile neighbours in both ownership and trade of slaves.

scholarly journals Islam and Democracy: A Critical Reappraisal of Adaptation and Contrast Theories

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Khalil Sardarnia ◽  
Yalda Bahrampour
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Attitudes ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
September 11 Attacks ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islam And Democracy

With the expansion of Islamism, a wave of Islam phobia was launched by western Orientalists and intensified subsequent to September 11 Attacks. Theoretically, the subject of adaptation and compatibility or contrast between Islam and democracy has drawn the attention of academic circles. Using a comparative and analytical research procedure, the current article seeks to provide an answer to this question: In the area of Adaptation and Contrast Theories, what is the nature of the relationship between Islam and democracy? The research’s hypothesis is that: from Contrast perspective, adaptation between democracy and Islam is not possible due to ontological and epistemological differences. In contrast, given the existing rational and democratic potentials within the framework of genuine Islamic fundamentals, democratic empirical examples such as democratic attitudes and demands in Islam world and democratic governance in the Middle East countries and Islam world, adaptation oriented parties believe in the existence of contextualized democracy within the framework of Islam. Using a critical reappraisal, it must be noted that, in spite of some deficits, Adaptation is more tenable, while Contrast and Essentialism are not sufficiently tenable due to some causes including failure to make a distinction between Islam’s basic fundamentals and history of Islam, the performance of authoritarian regimes and radical Islamists, universalization of liberal-secular democracy discourse and its combination with western ethnic chauvinism and propaganda of Islam phobia and defamation to Islam.

scholarly journals Polyhedron Seals of the Transcaucasian Origin Dated 2nd – 1st CC BC from the Burials of the Nomads of Asian Sarmatia of the 1st – First Half of the 2nd Century AD

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-217
Author(s):  
Mikhail Treister ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Blue Glass ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Indirect Confirmation ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
Made In

The article features the gem of rather rare forms, namely so-called prisms, polyhedra, scaraboids and bifacial gems which were found in the burials of the Asian Sarmatia nomads. The author describes an attempt to attribute seals in the form of polyhedra from Sarmatian burials dated back to the 1st – first half of the 2nd century AD within the Lower and Upper Don and the Lower Volga regions. Polyhedra belong to the forms of gems, which became widespread in the Classical era, both among Greek and so-called Greek-Persian gems. In the 2nd – 1st centuries BC the seals in the form of polyhedra were widely distributed across the Caucasus and, especially, in Transcaucasia region. According to the finds, they are represented by numerous items made of carved stone, as well as of dark blue glass, milky white and greenish color. Moreover, there are also known rectangular forms of prints of such seals on the bulls, in particular which were excavated from the palace at Dedoplis Gora in Caucasian Iberia, dated to the 1st century BC – 1st century AD. The analysis of the shapes, materials and subjects of the images on the seals from the Sarmatian burials considered in the current article suggests that they were made in Transcaucasian workshops of the 2nd – 1st centuries BC. The probable Transcaucasian origin of the seals and their dating to the late Hellenistic period are an indirect confirmation of the hypothesis previously expressed by the author about the early cylindrical, conical seals and scaraboids of the mid-2nd – mid-1st millennium BC found in Sarmatian burials of the 1st century BC – 2nd century AD, originating from the sanctuaries of Transcaucasia.

scholarly journals The Topography of the Subject Field of Christian Psychology

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 72-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.E. Vasilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Current Work ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
Specific Discipline ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Christian Psychology ◽  
Specific Project

The task of constitutionalization of Christian psychology as a specific discipline pre- sumes methodological enumeration of its population: scientific, educational and practice-oriented projects. Current article presents a tryout of a tool, that allows to to- pographically link each project to certain coordinates on a map of Christian psychology subject field. Analyses revealed uncommon qualities of such a map. The main of these qualities is a topological plasticity, a capacity to adaptively change the metric of zones and fields in order to insert specific project unaltered. Such a procedure allows to describe an individual “methodological profile” of a project. The technology of analyses tested in current work opens up an opportunity for methodological arrange- ment of the subject-thematical field of Christian psychology, which is a necessary condition for its constitutionalization and entering a “critical” phase of its development.

scholarly journals The Role of Empathy in Health and Social Care Professionals

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Moudatsou ◽  
Areti Stavropoulou ◽  
Anastas Philalithis ◽  
Sofia Koukouli
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Academic Culture ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject

The current article is an integrative and analytical literature review on the concept and meaning of empathy in health and social care professionals. Empathy, i.e., the ability to understand the personal experience of the patient without bonding with them, constitutes an important communication skill for a health professional, one that includes three dimensions: the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. It has been proven that health professionals with high levels of empathy operate more efficiently as to the fulfillment of their role in eliciting therapeutic change. The empathetic professional comprehends the needs of the health care users, as the latter feel safe to express the thoughts and problems that concern them. Although the importance of empathy is undeniable, a significantly high percentage of health professionals seem to find it difficult to adopt a model of empathetic communication in their everyday practice. Some of the factors that negatively influence the development of empathy are the high number of patients that professionals have to manage, the lack of adequate time, the focus on therapy within the existing academic culture, but also the lack of education in empathy. Developing empathetic skills should not only be the underlying objective in the teaching process of health and social care undergraduate students, but also the subject of the lifelong and continuous education of professionals.

scholarly journals The Religion of Idumea and Its Relationship to Early Judaism

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Yigal Levin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Persian Period ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Early Judaism ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many

For several hundred years, from the late Iron Age to the end of the 2nd century BCE, the southern neighbor of Judea was “Idumea”, populated by descendants of Edomites, together with Qedarite and other Arabs and a mix of additional ethnicities. This paper examines the known data on the identity, especially religious identity, of these Idumeans, using a wide range of written sources and archaeological data. Within the Bible, “Edom” is presented as Israel’s twin and its harshest enemy, but there are hints that the Edomites worshipped the God of Israel. While the origins of the “Edomite deity” Qaus remain obscure, as does the process of their migration into southern Judah, the many inscriptions from the Persian period show that Qaus became the most widely worshipped deity in the area, even if other gods, including Yahweh, were also recognized. The Hellenistic period brought heightened Greek and Phoenician influence, but also the stabilization of “Idumea” as an administrative/ethnic unit. Some of the practices of this period, such as male circumcision, show an affinity to the Judaism of the time. This paper also discusses the outcome of the Hasmonean conquest of Idumea and the incorporation of its inhabitants into the Jewish nation.

The effectiveness of the prevention of psychoactive substance abuse among adolescents with a mild cognitive impairment. The experiences from “My life, my choice” project

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Walczak ◽  
Marcin J. Sochocki
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

The subject of prevention of the use of psychoactive substances by young people with intellectual disabilities is definitely underrepresented, if at all present, both in Polish and world literature. Meanwhile, research shows a high demand for preventive measures in this group. The current article presents the assumptions of the pioneering preventive program “My life, my choice”, addressed to young people with intellectual disabilities and discussion of the results of its evaluation. The analysis focuses in particular on the effectiveness of the actions taken and the perception of individual elements of the program by the recipients. The collected data indicate a significan effectiveness of the program in four of the five areas, as well as the importance of selective preventive interactions.

Cleostratus (III)

1925 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Fotheringham
Keyword(s):  
Eighth Century ◽  
Persian Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

In the Journal of Hellenic Studies, xli. (1921), pp. 70–85, Mr. Webb has written a merry paper, dealing with a paper on Cleostratus which I contributed to the same Journal, xxxix. (1919), pp. 164–184. After reading Mr. Webb's paper, I saw at once that my theory as to the meaning of the word ‘prima’ in Pliny, Nat. Hist., ii. 8(6), 30, and the word πρῶτα in the phrase πρῶτα σημεῖα in Cleostratus was no longer tenable. But, while withdrawing my own views on the subject, I am unfortunately unable to adopt Mr. Webb's. On all other points of importance I adhere to the opinions expressed in my paper.The question of widest interest on which we differ is that of the source from which Cleostratus derived the zodiacal signs and the octaeteris. In my opinion Babylon was the source in both cases. Mr. Webb differs from me on both points.That our signs of the zodiac were in common use in Babylon long before the time of Cleostratus is beyond question. Dr. Langdon has drawn my attention to several Babylonian and Assyrian lists of these signs. Of these, the one that corresponds most closely with our list is certainly not later than the eighth century before Christ. It is found on an Ashur text, and, although the extant copy belongs to the Persian period, an imperfect duplicate which belonged to the library of Ashur-bani-pal proves its antiquity. The list runs as follows:—Bull of heaven, Twins, Crab, Lion, Ear of Corn, Scales, Scorpion, Archer, Goat-fish, Waterman, Canal, Hireling. Pisces, here represented as a Canal, is in many other texts the Fish constellation.

scholarly journals “The Great Turkes Defiance” Revisited

Slovene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-187
Author(s):  
Daniel Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Main Argument ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Western European

Four decades after his monograph on the apocryphal correspondence of the Ottoman sultan was published, the author reviews the previous study of the subject, the origins of his book, its skeptical reception then, and the current acceptance of its main argument that most of the Russian versions of that correspondence are translations from Western European pamphlets and newspapers. Recent scholarship has located additional proof, and the current article presents further information which should help identify the sources for some of the Russian texts.

scholarly journals Globalization’s Challenges in the 21st Century – Using the Iceberg Strategy, the Butterfly Effect and Multiple Intelligences to Create a New Learning Model

2018 ◽  
pp. 479-490
Author(s):  
Orit Haller-Hayon
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Special Interests ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Model Understanding ◽  
Butterfly Effect

Each student has their own individuality and special interests. One of the greatest challenges facing contemporary teachers is how to fascinate and link the students to the learning, to cause them to get excited and feel satisfaction. However, is it possible to attach different students with a diversity of abilities, dissimilar knowledge and different interests, to the same subject? Or is it a dream that cannot be fulfilled? The current article will introduce a new learning model, by using the ‘iceberg learning model’, understanding the influence of the ‘butterfly effect’ and the connection to the special ‘multiple intelligences’ of each student. Instead of seeing the subject of learning as a collection of facts, the concept of the iceberg sees the subject as a vast world full of information connected to endless forms related to the students’ areas of life. Therefore, the Iceberg learning method allows each student to be linked to the learning topic according to their own abilities, interests and desires; by using their unique strengths and utilizing their individual substantial intelligences.

Mammals in the economy of ancient Porphyreon (Lebanon)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-473
Author(s):  
Joanna Piątkowska-Małecka
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Persian Period ◽  
Livestock Species ◽  
Animal Economy ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Insight Into

An archaeozoological analysis of mammal remains recovered from the dwelling units and streets of ancient Porphyreon excavated in 2009, 2010 and 2012, gives insight into the importance of mammals for the residents of this quarter in succeeding periods: from the Iron Age through the Persian and Hellenistic periods to Byzantine times. Husbandry lay at the base of the animal economy and was supplemented with hunting various species of gazelle. Cattle, sheep and goat were the most numerous livestock species represented in the archaeological record. The high percentage of cattle observed in Iron Age deposits could have resulted from the agricultural lifestyle of the population. Starting from the Persian period, sheep and goat played the most prominent role in the animal economy, implying a pastoral model of husbandry. Raising goats for meat was more significant initially; from the Hellenistic period onwards, the number of sheep reared for milk and wool increased. Pigs constituted a minor percentage of the livestock. The presence of equid remains, including horse and donkey, was confirmed for the Persian period, when these animals were used for transportation.

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