Purification and Characterization of Phenolic Antioxidant from Corncob Liquid Smoke

This study aimed to purify and characterize the antioxidant activity of liquid smoke acquired from corncobs. The smoke of crude liquids was generated through pyrolysis and was purified through fractional and simple distillation. The liquid smoke was analyzed using crude fibres, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to analyze the volatile compounds of liquid smoke. Fractional distillation exhibited the higher carbonyl and phenol content than simple distillation, and the overall acid content of fractional distillation was relatively lower. Moreover, the liquid smoke obtained from fractional distillation exhibited the higher total antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity than simple distillation. The GC-MS results showed different derivatives and phenolic compounds as the most dominant components of the liquid smoke of corncobs. The major antioxidant components of fractional distillation include 2-methoxyphenol, phenol, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol and 4-ethylphenol, and those of simple distillation include phenol, 2-methylphenol, 2-methoxy- phenol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 3-ethylphenol.

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Comparative Evaluation of Argania spinosa and Olea europaea Leaf Phenolic Compounds and their Antioxidant Activity

Botanica ◽

10.2478/botlit-2020-0007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 76-87

Author(s):

Aziza Lfitat ◽

Hind Zejli ◽

Abdelkamel Bousselham ◽

Yassine El Atki ◽

Badiaa Lyoussi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Olive Leaves ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Total Flavonoids Content

AbstractWe conducted this study to determine and compare the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the argan and olive leaves as well as their antioxidant capacity in aqueous, methanolic, and ethyl acetate extracted fractions. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated in comparison with synthetic antioxidants by assessing DPPH• radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, scavenging ability by inhibiting the β-carotene/linoleic acid emulsion oxidation, and by the ABTS radical scavenging activity assay. Total phenolic content in argan samples ranged from 221.69 ± 2.07 to 1.32 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW and in olive samples from 144.61 ± 0.82 to 1.21 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g DW. Total flavonoids content in argan samples varied from 267.37 ± 1.12 to 25.48 ± 0.02 mg QE/g DW, while in olives from 96.06 ± 0.78 to 10.63 ± 0.05 mg QE/g DW. In vitro antioxidant studies strongly confirmed the antioxidant potency of argan and olive leaves and their richness in secondary metabolites that are effective in free radicals scavenging and metal chelating capacities, indicating their antioxidant power.

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In Vitro Inhibitory Effect on Carbohydrates Digestion and Antioxidant Potential of Garlic Scape (P06-076-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz031.p06-076-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Dammah Otieno ◽

Salma Altuwaijri ◽

Hye Won Kang

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Digestive Enzymes ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Health Effect ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Antioxidant

Abstract Objectives Inhibition of carbohydrate absorption from intestine is an efficient way to prevent type 2 diabetes. Some edible plants have shown the potential as anti-diabetic agents by inhibiting carbohydrate-digestive enzymes in intestine. In terms of edible plant's health effect, bioactive compounds’ stability during the process of digestive enzymes has been commonly questioned. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to 1) examine inhibitory effect of garlic scape (GS), the green flower head of garlic on carbohydrate-degrading enzymes and 2) investigate antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) of GS treated with intestinal digestive enzymes. Methods GS extract (GSE) was prepared with 80% methanol (v/v) by homogenization, sonication, and filtration, and evaporation. α-glucosidase, maltase, glucoamylase, sucrase, α-amylase inhibitory activities were determined by measuring glucose hydrolyzed from nitrophenyl-glucopyranoside, maltose, starch, sucrose, and starch, respectively. To prepare gastrointestinal enzyme-digested GSE, GSE was digested with pepsin and a pancreatin-bile solution. GSE and gastrointestinal enzyme-digested GSE were assessed for TPC using a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and for total antioxidant and radical scavenging activities by the following methods, phosphomolybdeum, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods, respectively. Results GSE (20 mg/ml) showed 30%, 50%, and 42% inhibition on α-glucosidase, maltase, and glucoamylase enzyme activities, respectively. GSE (50 mg/ml) showed 55.1% DPPH radical and 5782 mg vitamin C equivalent (VCE)/g ABTS radical scavenging activities. Total antioxidant activity of the GSE (1.5 mg/ml) exhibited 2.76 mg VCE/g. Consistent with its antioxidant property, the GSE showed a dose-dependent increase in TPC. Gastrointestinal enzymatic treatment resulted in approximately 46% reduction in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, and TPC of the GSE. Conclusions Garlic scape has the potential as a natural anti-diabetic agent. Garlic scape keeps beneficial effects after the process of intestinal digestive system. Funding Sources The work was supported by USDA.

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Secondary Metabolites Profiling of Acinetobacter baumannii Associated with Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Leaves and Concentration Dependent Antioxidant and Prooxidant Properties

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6951927 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tahmina Monowar ◽

Md. Sayedur Rahman ◽

Subhash J. Bhore ◽

Gunasunderi Raju ◽

Kathiresan V. Sathasivam

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Antioxidant

Secondary bioactive compounds of endophytes are inevitable biomolecules of therapeutical importance. In the present study, secondary metabolites profiling of an endophytic bacterial strain, Acinetobacter baumannii, were explored using GC-MS study. Presence of antioxidant substances and antioxidant properties in chloroform (CHL), diethyl ether (DEE), and ethyl acetate (EA) crude extracts of the endophytic bacteria were studied. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and ferrous ion chelating assay were evaluated. A total of 74 compounds were identified from the GC-MS analysis of the EA extract representing mostly alkane compounds followed by phenols, carboxylic acids, aromatic heterocyclic compounds, ketones, aromatic esters, aromatic benzenes, and alkenes. Among the two phenolic compounds, namely, phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- and phenol, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, the former was found in abundance (11.56%) while the latter was found in smaller quantity (0.14%). Moreover, the endophytic bacteria was found to possess a number of metal ions including Fe(II) and Cu(II) as 1307.13 ± 2.35 ppb and 42.38 ± 0.352 ppb, respectively. The extracts exhibited concentration dependent antioxidant and prooxidant properties at high and low concentrations, respectively. The presence of phenolic compounds and metal ions was believed to play an important role in the antioxidant and prooxidant potentials of the extracts. Further studies are suggested for exploring the untapped resource of endophytic bacteria for the development of novel therapeutic agents.

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Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, Phosphomolybdenum Assays for Estimating Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds in Five Different Plant Extracts

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Animal Science and Biotechnologies ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2018.0009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Arabela UNTEA ◽

Alexandra LUPU ◽

Mihaela SARACILA ◽

Tatiana PANAITE

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Walnut Leaves

Many plants and their constituents (carotenoids, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds), action to inhibit the free radical by the use of antioxidant activity, helping to a better efficiency of nutrients utilization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of five different plants, known for their antioxidant potential. Total phenols were determined by FolinCiocalteumethod, with few modifications. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS radical-scavenging activity and phosphomolybdenum method. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was obtained for walnut leaves in terms of ABTS evaluation and for bilberry leaves by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods. In the present study, peppermint, walnut and bilberry leaves proved to have an important antioxidant activity and also a total phenolic content.

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Quantitative analysis of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in four Daphne L. species

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-012-0102-8 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 1092-1100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renata Grubešić ◽

Dario Kremer ◽

Marijana Končić ◽

Jadranka Rodríguez ◽

Marko Randić

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

The Family

AbstractThe content of biologically active phenolic compounds (total polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids) were determined using spectrophotometry in four wild Croatian species of Daphne L. in the family Thymelaeaceae (Daphne alpina, D. cneorum, D. laureola, and D. mezereum). The concentration of total flavonoids (TF) was highest in the leaves of these Daphne species (0.12–0.51% dry herb weight, DW) whereas the content of other phenolic compounds analyzed were highest in the roots, including total polyphenols (TP; 2.71–19.03% DW), tannins (T; 1.14–7.39% DW), and total phenolic acids (TPA; 0.12–0.87% DW). D. alpina contained the highest amount of polyphenols, with the exception of flavonoids, where maximum concentrations were found in D. laureola. We also examined the antioxidant activity of leaf, stem, and root extracts. All extracts analyzed demonstrated high free radical scavenging activity with the highest concentration in the leaf extracts of D. alpina. Leaf extracts of D. cneorum showed the highest antioxidant activity in a β-carotene bleaching assay.

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Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Castanopsis phuthoensis and Castanopsis grandicicatricata

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.55.77 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 77-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Phung Thi Tuyen ◽

Do Tan Khang ◽

Luong The Minh ◽

Truong Ngoc Minh ◽

Pham Thi Thu Ha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Phenolic Extracts

In this study, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compositions of Castanopsis phuthoensis and Castanopsis grandicicatricata (Fagaceae family) were investigated. It was found that bark extracts were rich of phenolic contents, whereas leaf extracts were abundant of flavonoids. The total phenolics varied from 11.20 to 35.47 mg gallic acid equivalent g-1 dry weight (DW), and the total flavonoids were from 2.24 to 12.55 mg rutin equivalent g-1 DW. The results of antioxidant activity showed that the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the free phenolic extracts were higher than the bound phenolic extracts. Regarding the reducing power and β-carotene bleaching assays, the free phenolic extracts showed remarkably strong antioxidant capacity that were similar to the levels of the standard BHT (dibutyl hydroxytoluene) did. It could be concluded that free phenolic extracts were more effective in antioxidant activities than bound phenolic extracts. A highly significant correlation between phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in extracts were observed. By HPLC analysis, seven phenolic acids were detected including gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, sinapic, p-coumaric, ellagic, and vanillin. Of which, gallic, ellagic, and sinapic acids were the most abundant compounds in the two species. The results suggest C. phuthoensis and C. grandicicatricata contain rich sources of natural antioxidants and phenolic compounds which are probably considered in pharmaceutical use.

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THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF STARCH FROM SAGO BARUK PITH (Arenga microcarpha)

Molekul ◽

10.20884/1.jm.2016.11.2.253 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Lidya Irma Momuat ◽

Edi Suryanto ◽

Sri Sudewi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Total Antioxidant

Sago Baruk (Arenga microcarpha) is one of endemic crop type of Archipelago of Sangihe Talaud, North Sulawesi and potential as source bioactivities including antioxidant. The objectives of this research were to determine the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of starch sago baruk which was sequentially extracted with water and filtrate. The sago trunks pith was sequentially extracted with water and filtrate at room temparature for 1 hour. After that, starch of sago baruk were analyzed for their chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein, ash crude fiber and charbohydrate) and total phenolic and tannin condensed content. Antioxidant activity of each sago flour were evaluated in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity. After that, the starch was characterized by IR spectroscopic technique. The sequential extraction result indicated percentage yield of starch I and starch II were 41.39% and 38.21%. The chemical characteristics of starch I revealed that percentage protein, ash, crude fibre and fat were below 1% than starch II especially protein and fiber crude. The starch I had highest total phenolic and tannin condensed content than starch II and starch K. The starch I also showed the highest free radical scavenging activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical than starch II and starch K. The result also showed that starch I has strongest total antioxidant capacity than starch II and starch K at all concentration level. Antioxidant activity of three starch increased with the increase in concentration of the samples. The three starch showed of hidroxy (OH), carbonyl (C=O), ether (C-O) and aliphatic group (C-C). It is concluded that starch sago baruk especially the starch I are very rich in antioxidant substituens.

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Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Volatile Oil of Bamboo Leaves from Different Provenances

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.108.320 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 320-325

Author(s):

Hai Bing Liao ◽

Chong Jiu Hu ◽

Ke Yuan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Volatile Oil ◽

Relative Content ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Bamboo Leaves

The volatile oil of the four different bamboo leaves fromPhyllostachys violascenscv.notata,Sinobambusa tootsik(sieb.) Makino,Sasa subglabraMcClure andPleioblastus kongosanensisf.aureostriaus was obtained by steam distillation; their chemical components were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The relative percentage content of the components from the volatile oil was determined by area normalization method. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50) of the volatile oil was tested by the use of Trolox as a control. The experimental results show that there are 15 kinds of compounds which all simultaneity contained in the volatile oil of four different provenances of bamboo leaves. In four different provenances of volatile oil of bamboo leaves, the relative content of eugenol was obviously higher than other components, were 38.47%, 48.73%, 35.85% and 18.40% respectively. The relative content of the total phenolic were 51.96%, 51.78%, 40.06%, 22.81% respectively. The four different bamboo leaves volatile oil all have the ability of scavenging DPPH free radical and the IC50are 1.16 mg/ml, 1.44 mg/ml, 1.57 mg/ml, 1.71 mg/ml, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil has a positive correlation with the essential oil's concentration. The result of the experiments can provide reference for further research on the chemical components of different bamboo leaves volatile oil as well as for the exploration and utilization of it.

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Hystrix brachyura Bezoar Characterization, Antioxidant Activity Screening, and Anticancer Activity on Melanoma Cells (A375): A Preliminary Study

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8020039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Al’aina Yuhainis Firus Khan ◽

Faizah Abdullah Asuhaimi ◽

Tara K. Jalal ◽

Fatimah Opeyemi Roheem ◽

Hatim Abdullah Natto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Anticancer Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Melanoma Cells ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Assays ◽

Β Carotene

Porcupine bezoars (PBs) are masses of undigested calcareous concretions formed within the gastrointestinal tract. There are undocumented claims that PBs have antioxidant activity and can treat cancers. However, limited scientific study has been carried out to verify these traditional claims. Hence, this study was conducted to characterize the chemical profile and validate the antioxidant and anticancer activity against melanoma cells (A375). PB extract was initially subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) analyses. The bioautography of antioxidant assays, namely 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH), and β-carotene was performed. An in vitro A375 cell viability assay, apoptosis assay, cell cycle arrest assay, and gene expression assay were carried out as well. The experimental finding revealed 5,10-diethoxy-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1H,6H-dipyrrolo[1,2-a:1’,2’-d]pyrazine, ursodeoxycholic acid, and cholest-5-en-3-ol (3 beta)-, carbonochloridate are major compounds detected in PB extract. PB extract has low phenolic content, viz. 698.7 ± 0.93 (µg GAE/5 mg dry weight). The bioautography antioxidant assays revealed a potent antioxidant effect (ABTS > DPPH > β-carotene), with free radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, PB extract exhibited dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cancer activity on A375 cells due to the exhibition of apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway.

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Determination of Antioxidant Properties of 26 Chilean Honeys and a Mathematical Association Study with their Volatile Profile

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200700739 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elizabeth Sánchez ◽

Marisa Piovano ◽

Erika Valdés ◽

Manuel E. Young ◽

Cristian A. Acevedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Persea Americana ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Volatile Profile ◽

Total Phenolic Compounds ◽

Latent Structures

Radical scavenging activity (RSA), antioxidant content (TEAC), total phenolic compounds content (TPCC) and volatile profile (VOCs) were measured in 26 honeys obtained from the Valparaíso Region (Chile). Persea americana honey was the most interesting sample according to these evaluated parameters. A Projection to Latent Structures (PLS) based algorithm was used to model the possible relationship between antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds content and volatile profile. Concerning the volatile profile, only nine volatile compounds, of a total of fifty, showed dependence on antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds content.

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