Correlations between hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptor levels in children aged 6-59 months

Background Early detection of iron deficiency is important in young children to prevent iron deficiency anemia, which may cause permanent neurocognitive development disorders. Hemoglobin level is an insensitive tool for detecting iron deficiency without anemia, while serum ferritin levels may be influenced by infection and inflammation. However, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is a sensitive marker for detecting iron deficiency, yet not widely used in daily practice.Objective To assess for correlations between hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptor levels in children aged 6-59 months.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in the Yogyakarta and Bantul Districts involving 85 children aged 6-59 months who visited integrated health posts (posyandu) and who met the inclusion criteria. Subjects were chosen by cluster random sampling. Blood specimens were collected to examine hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and sTfR levels.Results Spearman’s correlation test revealed weak negative correlations between hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, as well as between hemoglobin and sTfR levels, with coefficient correlations of r = -0.220, (P=0.043) and r = -0.317, (P=0.003), respectively. There was no correlation between serum ferritin and sTfR levels (r = -0.033; P=0.767).Conclusion Hemoglobin levels has weak negative correlations with serum ferritin and sTfR, but serum ferritin does not correlate with sTfR. [Paediatr Indones. 2014;54:122-6.]

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Evaluation of serum electrolyte levels in iron deficiency anemia patients.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.05.5702 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (05) ◽

pp. 691-696

Author(s):

Maryam Rafiq ◽

Amna Arooj ◽

Qurrat-ul-Ain Tahir ◽

Nudrat Fayyaz ◽

Afra Samad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Medical College ◽

Complete Blood Counts

Objectives: To evaluate electrolytes levels in patients suffering from iron deficiency anemia and to compare it with patients without anemia. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal. Period: November, 2019 to May, 2020. Material & Methods: After taking informed consent, five milliliter of blood was drawn from each patient. Blood sample was analyzed for electrolytes, complete blood counts and serum ferritin levels. Results were compared in normal and iron deficiency anemic groups. Results: A total of 287 clinically anemic suspects including 181 (63.0%) female and 106 (37.0%) male with mean age of patients as 36.11±12.23 were included in this study. A total of 205 (71.4%) of the suspects had anemia whereas frequency of anemia remained higher among females (78.5%) as compared to males (59.5%) in this study. On the basis of serum ferritin levels a total of 178 (62.0%) patients had iron deficiency. Mean values of Sodium (130.41±0.59) and Bicarbonate (24.10±0.31) remained low while mean Potassium (4.33±0.07) and Chloride (103.93±0.47) levels of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) group remained high as compared to non-anemic group. Conclusion: Levels of sodium and bicarbonate are found to be on the lower side while potassium and chloride remained on higher side in patients with Iron deficiency Anemia in this study. Thus these findings indicate close monitoring of electrolytes to evade impediments during management of patients.

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Soluble transferrin receptor levels in obese and non obese adolescents

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi54.2.2014.77-81 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Zul Febrianti ◽

Fadil Oenzil ◽

Firman Arbi ◽

Gustina Lubis

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Transferrin Receptor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Grade ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Obese Adolescents ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

The Mean

Background Iron deficiency in children and adolescents maybe dueto an inadequate supply of iron as well as increased iron requirementsfor growth and developmental processes. The incr easing prevalence ofobesity puts children at risk of iron deficiency. Studies on the effectsof obesity on iron deficiency have focused on low grade systemicinflammation as well as examining soluble transferrin receptor levels(sTfR) as an indicator ofiron deficiency.Objective To compare sT fR levels in obese and non-obeseadolescents, assess for correlations between BMI, sTfR and obesity,and determine the risk of iron deficiency in obese adolescents .Method T his cross sectional study was conducted on 20 obeseand 20 non-obese adolescents aged 15-17 in East Aceh District,from September to December 20 11. Subject were chosen throughcluster sampling. The obese subjects had BMI > 95th percentileand the non-obese subjects had BMI s:851h percentile based onthe 2000 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Exclusioncriteria were blood disorders, chronic diseases, and a history ofbleeding. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and T test witha significance level of P < 0.05, and Pearson's correlation.Results The mean s TfR levels in obese adolescents was higher thanin non-obese adolescents, [2.59 (SD 0.76) vs 2.14 (SD 0.45) μg/mL(P = 0.030)]. Iron deficiency (sTfR> 2.5 μgimL) was more commonin obese than in non-obese adolescents [ (55% vs . 15%, respectively,(P = 0.019) ]. Analysis of the relationship between obesity accordingto BMI andsTfRrevealedan OR of 6.93; 95% CI 1.53 to3 1.38. Ther elationship between the BMI and sTfR levels indicated a positive,moderate strength of association (r = 0.392) .Conclusion The mean sT fR levels in obese adolescents is significantlyhigher than in non-obese individuals. Obese adolescentshave a 6.93 times higher risk of iron deficiency than non-obeseadolescents. Body mass index has a positive and moderate associationwith sTfR.

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Iron deficiency anemia among hospitalized children in a rural teaching hospital: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20182579 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1631

Author(s):

Inderpreet Santokh ◽

Bablu Kumar Gaur ◽

Raghvendra Narayan ◽

Baljeet Maini ◽

A. K. Bharadwaj

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hemoglobin Level ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Socioeconomic

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in the world. The present study was conducted to know the prevalence and severity of iron deficiency anemia among of 6 months to 60 months old children. A large proportion of iron deficiency is preventable with appropriate and timely intervention.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 100 children clinically suggestive of anemia with hemoglobin level less than 11gm/dl admitted in pediatrics ward of tertiary care hospital. 5 ml of blood sample was taken and complete hemogram, peripheral blood film and serum ferritin estimation was done. Case were studied in reference to history, age, clinical examination, hemoglobin level and confirmation of iron deficiency anemia was done by serum ferritin levels.Results: The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in present study was 56%. It was most prevalent in the age group of 6 to 24 months. Exclusively breastfed children showed higher prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in present study, however no statistical correlation was found. Low Serum ferritin levels have statistically significant result with socioeconomic status, with as many as 69.4% suffering from iron deficiency anemia belonging to low socioeconomic status.Conclusions: Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia remains alarmingly high and major health problem in our country. All anemia are not iron deficiency anemia. Low socioeconomic status is a huge hurdle in child health and greatly influences prevalence of iron deficiency anemia. Serum ferritin is a most sensitive marker of iron deficiency anemia, helps diagnose it early in its course, which can be missed on clinical or routine blood investigations.

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Iron Deficiency and Vitamin B12/Folate Levels. A Case-Control Study.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v106.11.3709.3709 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 3709-3709

Author(s):

Angel F. Remacha ◽

Pilar Sardà ◽

Teresa Royo ◽

Nieves Fernández ◽

Ester Rojas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Transferrin Receptor ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Control Group ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽

Control Study

Abstract A number of cases with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are associated with low vitamin B12 (LB12). However, LB12 is not synonymous with B12 deficiency. An increase in homocysteine (Hcy) or methylmalonic acid can differentiate cases with a real deficiency from those with apparently innocuous LB12. Our aim was to study LB12 and low red cell folate (LRCF) prevalence in IDA cases and to determine the existence of B12/folate deficiency. A prospective case-control study was carried out in patients with anemia consecutively admitted to our Hospital. The case group included 506 IDA patients (Hb <115g/l, MCV <98fl, serum ferritin <20microg/l or soluble transferrin receptor >5mg/l). The control group was made up of 117 patients with anemia of chronic disorders (ACD) (Hb <115g/l, MCV 80-98fl, iron <10micromol/l, total iron binding capacity <40micromol/l, serum ferritin >100microg/l and soluble transferrin receptor <4mg/l). Serum B12 and RCF were evaluated in all cases and controls. Serum homocysteine was determined in those with B12 and/or RCF below percentile 10 (B12 <200pmol/l, RCF <590nmol/l). HyperHcy was considered when Hcy exceeded >17micromol/l. Several variables were included in a multiple regression analysis to build a predictive model for IDA with LB12 and hyperHcy. LB12 was observed in 17.8% of IDA cases (87 cases), including 8.2% with B12<150pmol/l (percentile 2.5). Interestingly, 60% of patients with B12 <150pmol/l had hyperHcy and 48% of those with B12 between 150 and 200pmol/l. Low RCF was found in 6.3% (13 cases). All cases with RCF <500nmol/l (percentile 2.5) showed hyperHcy and 50% of cases with RCF between 500 and 590nmol/l. LB12 was observed in 7 patients in the control group (5.4%) and LRCF in 10%. LB12 was more frequent in IDA than in ACD (p<0.0001). The best predictive variable for IDA and LB12 with hyperHcy was age and the cut-off was 60 years (sensitivity: 91%). In summary, in our study 18% of cases with IDA showed LB12, and a high percentage had a real vitamin deficiency. Age was the main predictive factor. Thus, serum B12 should be determined in IDA patients over 60 years

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Hepcidin levels can distinguish anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency anemia in a cross-sectional study of hidradenitis suppurativa patients

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology ◽

10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.090 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mondana H. Ghias ◽

Andrew D. Johnston ◽

Kayla M. Babbush ◽

Allison J. Kutner ◽

H. Dean Hosgood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽

Cross Sectional

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Effect of Fortification with Multiple Micronutrient Powder on the Prevention and Treatment of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia in Brazilian Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072160 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2160

Author(s):

Malaine Morais Alves Machado ◽

Mirella de Paiva Lopes ◽

Raquel Machado Schincaglia ◽

Paulo Sérgio Sucasas da Costa ◽

Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Transferrin Receptor ◽

Ferrous Sulfate ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Micronutrient Powder ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Multiple Micronutrient ◽

Multiple Micronutrient Powder

Fortification with multiple micronutrient powder has been proposed as a public health intervention able to reduce micronutrient deficiencies in children. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of fortification with multiple micronutrient powder with drug supplementation in the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency and anaemia. This was a cluster trial with anemic and non-anaemic children between six and 42 months old, in randomization data. Non anaemic children received fortification with multiple micronutrient powder or standard drug supplementation of ferrous sulfate associated with folic acid in a prevention dose. Anaemic children who were randomized to receive multiple micronutrient powder also received the recommended iron complementation for anaemia treatment. A total of 162 children were evaluated. The prevalence of anaemia decreased from 13.58 to 1.85%. Iron deficiency decreased from 21.74% to 7.89% (by serum ferritin) and iron deficiency decreased from 66.81 to 38.27% (by soluble transferrin receptor). No difference was identified between interventions for hemoglobin (p = 0.142), serum ferritin (p = 0.288), and soluble transferrin receptor (p = 0.156). Fortification with multiple micronutrient powder was effective in preventing iron deficiency and anaemia in children aged six to 48 months. In anaemic children; it was necessary to supplement the dose of multiple micronutrient powder with ferrous sulfate.

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The value of soluble transferrin receptor and Tfr-Ferritin index in the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia

Clinical Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.09.076 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 42 (4-5) ◽

pp. 343-344

Author(s):

Tulay Keskin ◽

Ozlem Hurmeydan ◽

Yalcin Onder ◽

Lale Dagdelen ◽

Nazli Caner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Transferrin Receptor ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor

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Soluble transferrin receptor and soluble transferrin receptor/log ferritin index in diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

Digestive and Liver Disease ◽

10.1016/j.dld.2018.11.012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 352-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Paulina Krawiec ◽

Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Transferrin Receptor ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor ◽

Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Iron deficiency among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.14386/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Samson Udho ◽

Joyce Nankumbi ◽

Mariam Namutebi ◽

Grace Ndeezi ◽

Joshua Epuitai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Iron Supplements ◽

The Third

Abstract Background Iron deficiency is a leading cause of anemia among pregnant women in Uganda. However, due to the high cost of biochemical tests required to determine iron deficiency, the prevalence and factors associated with iron deficiency remain largely unstudied in our setting. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the prevalence of iron deficiency and its associated factors among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic, Lira District-Uganda.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic at Lira Regional Referral Hospital. Maternal serum ferritin was used as a measure of iron deficiency and was determined using a Cobas 6000 Automated Analyzer. Iron deficiency was based on serum ferritin of <30 μg/L. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the characteristics of the study participants. Binary and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the associated factors.Results The prevalence of iron deficiency was 45%. Non-adherence to iron supplements (AOR: 2.05 95% CI: 1.02-4.12) & third trimester pregnancy (AOR: 1.88 95% CI: 1.20-2.94) were significantly associated with iron deficiency during pregnancy.Conclusion Nearly 5 in 10 of the participants had iron deficiency. Iron deficiency during pregnancy was associated with non-adherence to iron supplements and being in the third trimester of pregnancy. Midwives should encourage pregnant women to adhere to iron supplements during pregnancy especially pregnant women who are in the third trimester.

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