Cartographic And Relief Analysis of the Location of the Mounds of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Faifert A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Burial Mounds

The regularities of the location of steppe mounds are currently poorly understood. The study is based on the inventory of the objects of the archaeological heritage of the Rostov region in the 1990s and 2008–2020. The presented developments were verified and refined by the excavations of mounds: floodplain, terraced, terraced-cape, slope, watershed. Five levels of analysis of the position of the mounds are proposed. The basic techniques of mound constructing are described, and the findings of the components of tools for digging the soil are presented. Three stages of the development of the burial mound are identified. Characteristics are given to natural, biogenic and anthropogenic forms of relief, which need to be distinguished from mounds. All this data is proposed to be used to search for mounds. To identify the mounds in the area, the key features of burial mounds are described along with biogenic, anthropogenic and geological landforms which have to be differentiated from mounds. Key words: the Lower Don, burial mound, topography, relief, steppe.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Anthropological Types of the Sarmatian Population That Left Staritsa Burial Mound

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Mariya Balabanova
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Caucasoid Population

The paper presents the intergroup analysis made by the canonical method aimed at determining variability of anthropological types in chronological groups of the Sarmatian population that left Staritsa burial mound. For this purpose, digital information on 44 male and 30 female series including all three stages of Sarmatian culture from the burial mounds of the Lower Volga region was studied. The results of the analysis reveal smaller massiveness of the Sauromatian and Sarmatian population in comparison with the Bronze Age samples. The main anthropological type, whose carriers were the early Sarmatian groups of Staritsa burial mound, is the type of ancient Eastern Caucasians, and they are not separated from the synchronous population of other burial mounds. Characteristic features of this type include meso-brachycrania, weakened horizontal profiling at the upper facial level and a quite Caucasoid structure of the nose and nasal bones. There is the influx of the long-headed Caucasoid population in the middle Sarmatian epoch, which increases due time, and the late Sarmatian population acquires dolicho-mesocrane features. In the early epoch, the middle– late 2nd century A.D., some cultural and morphological features are blurred, as the material from burial 2 of barrow 8, burial 1 of barrow 54 and burial 1 of barrow 11 shows. In the late Sarmatian time, the inflow of not only long-headed groups, but also individuals with the mixed anthropological Caucasoid-Mongoloid type was possible. Like the early Sarmatian group from Staritsa burial mound, the late Sarmatian group is more similar to the synchronous population from other Lower Volga burials.

Computer analysis of thin-walled concrete box beams

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 902-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahbaz Mavaddat ◽  
M. Saeed Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Computer Analysis ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Shear Lag ◽  
Applied Loading ◽  
Box Beam ◽  
Box Beams ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Normal And Shear Stresses

Three computer programs, written in FORTRAN WATFIV, are developed to analyze straight, monolithically cast, symmetric concrete box beams with one, two, or three cells and side cantilevers over a simple span or over two spans with symmetric mid-span loadings. The analysis, based on Maisel's formulation, is performed in three stages. First, the structure is idealized as a beam and the normal and shear stresses are calculated using the simple bending theory and St-Venant's theory of torsion. The secondary stresses arising from torsional and distortional warping and shear lag are calculated in the second and third stages, respectively. The execution times on an AMDAHL 580 system are 0.02, 0.93, and 0.25 s for the three programs, respectively. The stresses arising in each stage of analysis are then superposed to determine the overall response of the box section to the applied loading. The results are compared with Maisel's hand calculations. Key words: bending, bimoment, box beam, computer analysis, FORTRAN, shear, shear lag, thin-walled section, torsion, torsional and distortional warping.

scholarly journals POLE-TOPS OF CHMYREVA MOHYLA BARROW

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321
Author(s):  
Z. H. Popandopulo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
World War ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
River Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In 1977 on the site of famous burial mound Chmyrеva Mohyla located on the northern outskirts of Velyka Bilozerka village of Zaporizhzhia region three bronze pole-tops with images of gryphons were found by local people on the plowed field. There is no evidence whether other artifacts have been found. Luckily nearby in Gunovka village the expedition of Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was working under the leadership of Yu. V. Boltryk who got the founded artifacts and then sent them to Zaporizhzhia regional museum of local lore, history and economy. The history of excavations of Chmyrеva Mohyla numbers more than a century. They were started by F. A. Braun in 1898, M. I. Veselovskiy (1909—1910) continued the excavations and Yu. V. Boltryk in 1994 completed them. The burial mound has not been excavated in full because of various reasons. The destiny of finds from this barrow was tragic. A lot of artifacts among them silver vessels from the hiding-place which was revealed by M. I. Veselovskiy were lost during the World War II when the collections of Kharkiv historic museum were evacuated. Scythian bronze pole-tops as one of the most interesting categories of artifacts for a long time attracted attention of scholar world. They were classified by types and date, their significance in funeral ceremony and everyday life was searched for. The questions still remain. In this article we tried to put into scholar circulation a scanty type of pole-tops with the image of pacing gryphon on the pear-shaped little bell which is characteristic only for Steppe Dnieper river region. For today only eight of them are known and most of them are originated from of the burial mounds of high Scythian aristocracy: Tovsta Mohyla, Haimanova Mohyla, Chmyrova Mohyla. Chronologically they are slightly differed from other pole-tops both with the image of deer on pear-shaped little bells from Tovsta Mohyla, and with the image of deer on flat cone bushes from Haimanova Mohyla. The question about the place of production of such pole-tops is still opened. Probably just these types of pole-tops could be produced in one workshop but not all known variety of objects as V. A. Ilinska thought. One of the problems to be solved by researchers is searching for such workshops. But if these objects have been moulded by wax models the task becomes more complicated.

scholarly journals Development of Spiritual IPA Module on Environtment Pollution Subject for Junior High School

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rahma Sartika ◽  
Lufri Lufri
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Valid Criterion

The purposes of this research are to produce valid and practice nuanced spiritual module  about Environment Pollution for class VII SMP/MTs. This study uses three stages of plomp models. The subjects of this study were 29 students of class VII SMP Negeri 25 Padang  and 2 teachers. The object of this research is spirituality module IPA on the material of Environment Pollution in validated human validator 3. The data of this research are primary data collected from validity and questionnaire of data practicality. The result of validity is 86,63% with valid criterion, practicality by teacher and student  practical with 82,46% value by teacher and 88,69% by student. Key words: Spiritual module, Environment Pollution

The basic issue surrounds whether the law has been broken. We have been told Mary has been charged with theft under s 1 of the Theft Act. We are to assume that the three statements provided containing all of the information in this scenario have been produced just for us to read and work on. For the purposes of this exercise we will assume that these statements were produced in ways not calling into doubt their admissibility or credibility. This means therefore that we only have to concentrate on their probative value. (What do they prove?) The seven point approach of Twining and Miers will be used. 1 Standpoint: the standpoint of the Chart is that of the author of this book demonstrating the Wigmore Chart Method for the purposes of demonstrating the method and argument construction. 2 Stages 2, 3 and 4: relate to setting up the propositions and then key listing and charting. The impossibility of approaching each task in an isolated way is immediately perceived as we are going to work from statements. We have to find out the facts before we can draft the UP, PP, and interim probanda. Task: so that you can appreciate the levels of analysis go back to the statements and highlight the key words and phrases that begin to allow you to break into them and locate the story, and the law. Then try to give answers to the following questions: (1) What are the relevant facts? (2) What key phrases in the statements give you clues as to the application of the law? (3) Can you construct the deductive argument for the prosecution? (4) Can you construct the inductive argument for the prosecution? (5) Can you construct the opposing inductive argument for the defence? (6) Are there any conditions of doubt in your mind surrounding the wording of s1(1) of the Theft Act which may apply? (For example questions surrounding the presence of both mens rea and actus reus.) DO NOT PROCEED UNTIL YOU HAVE ANSWERED QUESTIONS (1)–(6).

2012 ◽  
pp. 253-254
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Mens Rea ◽  
Key Words And Phrases ◽  
Deductive Argument ◽  
Inductive Argument ◽  
Probative Value ◽  
Actus Reus ◽  
The Law ◽  
Key Phrases

scholarly journals Geomorphometric Methods for Burial Mound Recognition and Extraction from High-Resolution LiDAR DEMs

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Niculiță
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Local Convexity ◽  
Full Dataset ◽  
Burial Mounds

Archaeological topography identification from high-resolution DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) is a current method that is used with high success in archaeological prospecting of wide areas. I present a methodology through which burial mounds (tumuli) from LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) DEMS can be identified. This methodology uses geomorphometric and statistical methods to identify with high accuracy burial mound candidates. Peaks, defined as local elevation maxima are found as a first step. In the second step, local convexity watershed segments and their seeds are compared with positions of local peaks and the peaks that correspond or have in vicinity local convexity segments seeds are selected. The local convexity segments that correspond to these selected peaks are further fed to a Random Forest algorithm together with shape descriptors and descriptive statistics of geomorphometric variables in order to build a model for the classification. Multiple approaches to tune and select the proper training dataset, settings, and variables were tested. The validation of the model was performed on the full dataset where the training was performed and on an external dataset in order to test the usability of the method for other areas in a similar geomorphological and archaeological setting. The validation was performed against manually mapped, and field checked burial mounds from two neighbor study areas of 100 km2 each. The results show that by training the Random Forest on a dataset composed of between 75% and 100% of the segments corresponding to burial mounds and ten times more non-burial mounds segments selected using Latin hypercube sampling, 93% of the burial mound segments from the external dataset are identified. There are 42 false positive cases that need to be checked, and there are two burial mound segments missed. The method shows great promise to be used for burial mound detection on wider areas by delineating a certain number of tumuli mounds for model training.

Academician G. F. Miller and the Treasures from Litoi Kurgan

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 193-224
Author(s):  
Irina Tunkina
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
World War ◽  
Separate Branch ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Scythian Period ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Metal Work ◽  
Second World

AbstractThe burial-mound "Litoi Kurgan" was excavated in 1763 on the instructions of Lieutenant-General A.P. Mel'gunov 30 metres from the fortress of Saint Elizabeth (now known as Kirovograd, Ukraine). It cotained an assemblage of gold and silver articles of the Early Scythian period: examples of oriental metal-work and articles which had been fashioned in the traditions of the Scythian Animal Style. The prestigious nature of these finds was on a par with the grave-goods found in royal Scythian burial-mounds. The artefacts were presented to Empress Catherine II, who commanded that Academician G.F. Miller (1705-1783) should draw up a description of them and that they should be held in the Kunstkammer of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. One hundred years later the hoard was transferred in installments to the Hermitage Museum. In this article information regarding the assemblage from the Litoi Kurgan site is pieced together on the basis of archive documents and publications dating from the 18th and 19th century. Modern interpretations of this information and attempts to date the finds are also included: some of the artefacts were transferred from the Hermitage to museums in Kharkov and then lost during the Second World War. It is precisely with the excavations of the Litoi Kurgan burial-mound that the birth of a separate branch of archaeology is associated – namely Scythian studies. Litoi Kurgan is one of the sites from the Scythian Archaic period, which link together the Dnieper region and the Northern Caucasus. It is possible that it is a cenotaph burial-mound associated with the era of the Scythian campaigns into the Near East and dating from the second half of the 7th century BC.

scholarly journals Analisa Produktivitas Mesin Pemarut dan Pemeras Ubi Kayu

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Jatmiko Edi Siswanto
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dissolution Process ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Tapioca Flour ◽  
Flour Production ◽  
Engine Capacity ◽  
Capacity Efficiency

The process of making tapioca flour traditionally consists of three stages performed separately. The three stages of tapioca flour production can also be done mechanically, ie with the help of equipment, both for the process of dissolving and the process of extortion and filtering. Existing mechanical means, using two separate tools in which one device is used for the dissolution process, while the other is used for extortion and filtering. 5 tests were performed with the scales specified in the test ie 2 kg, 4 kg, 6 kg, 8 kg, and 10 kg. The average engine capacity of 12 Kg / Hr and the capacity of cassava hardener is 11 Kg / hour. The average efficiency of flour testing was 20.54% and the average efficiency of cassava dregs was 37.8%.Key words: Productivity, Capacity, Efficiency

scholarly journals Utilization of Liquid Smoke for Odor Control at the Final Disposal Site Kalibaru, Banyuwangi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Rosyid Ridho ◽  
M. Sabiq Irwan H ◽  
Eko Malis ◽  
Mislan
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Final Disposal ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Three Stages

The implementation of community service with the theme of utilizing liquid smoke for odor control in garbage at the Kalibaru Final Disposal Site has been carried out. This service was carried out in three stages, namely counseling, visits to liquid smoke factories and application of liquid smoke to garbage. The results of these activities in general, the community really understands and is able to carry out the processing of waste with liquid smoke independently, but the motivation for entrepreneurship from liquid smoke products has increased at the time of counseling, only 23.3 percent of participants were interested in entrepreneurship, but during a visit at liquid smoke factory even at the time of application all participants were interested in entrepreneurship because of the ease of process and high benefits.   Key words: Liquid Smoke, Garbage, Kalibaru

scholarly journals EXCAVATIONS OF KASTYKI BARROW CEMETERY IN THE VILIYA UPPER REACHES IN 1973

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
M. A. Plavinski ◽  
M. I. Stsiapanava
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
The West ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
New Research ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Village

The complex of archaeological monuments near the village Kastyki of the Viliejka district of the Minsk region consists of an Old Rus’ barrow cemetery and an open settlement, which functioned from the late Neolithic period to the third quarter of the 1st millennium AD. The complex of archaeological sites under the question is located in the eastern part of the village Kastyki in the upper reaches of the Vilija, on its right bank, 2.5 km from the confluence of the Servač River into Vilija River. For the first time, studies at Kastyki were carried out by K. Tyszkiewicz in 1856, when he excavated here one partially destroyed mound, containing neither traces of burial nor burial goods. In 1973, J. Zviaruha conducted a study of the barrow cemetery in Kastyki and excavated here 7 burial mounds. This article is devoted to the publication of materials from the Kastyki barrow cemetery, which took place in 1973 under the direction of J. Zviaruha. The focus is on rethinking the results of the 1973 excavations in the light of new research conducted in 2016 and 2018. The analysis of materials from the excavation of the burial mound, carried out in 1973, suggests that the necropolis functioned during the middle of the 11th—12th centuries. It belonged to a group of residents of the Polatsk land, who made burials according to the rites of inhumation on the basis of burial mounds, with their heads directed to the west. This, in turn, suggests that the members of the Old Rus’ community, which left the necropolis in Kastyki, had a certain understanding of the Christian burial rites.

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