scholarly journals Introgressive-interspecies complex Musa basjoo sensu lato: results of genetic diversity research by molecular phylogeny methods

Turczaninowia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Elena M. Arnautova ◽  
Nikolay N. Nosov ◽  
Alexander I. Shmakov ◽  
Alexander V. Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Primary Sequence ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Affinity Group ◽  
Maternal Genome ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
5.8S Rrna ◽  
Single Clade ◽  
Morphological Differences

In this article, we compare the phylogenetic position of various specimens of the Japanese banana (Musa basjoo) originating from the greenhouses of the St. Petersburg Botanical Garden of Peter the Great and from the Kyoto Garden using the analysis of marker sequences ITS1–5.8S rRNA–ITS2 and trnL–trnF. Samples of M. basjoo grown in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden originate from China and have some morphological differences from typical Japanese ones. In addition, we used sequences from the international GenBank database. According to the results of the analysis of ITS sequences, the M. basjoo samples form a single clade with M. itinerans and M. tonkinensis, possibly corresponding to the subsection in the section Musa. At the same time, M. basjoo from Peter the Great Botanical Garden differs in the primary sequence of the ITS1–5.8S rRNA–ITS2 from Japanese one forming a lowly supported clade with M. tonkinensis. Two M. basjoo samples collected in China, whose sequences are taken from the GenBank database, fall into a separate subclade within M. basjoo clade, possibly being a special species from this affinity group. According to the trnL–trnF chloroplast sequences, most of the M. basjoo samples also fall into the clade with M. itinerans. However, one M. basjoo specimen from the Genbank database is monophyletic with M. acuminata from a completely different clade. Possibly, the affinity group of M. basjoo is a compound hybrid complex containing plants that differ in the composition of the maternal genome.

scholarly journals CYDONIA OBLONGA MILL. (ROSACEAE) AT THE PETER THE GREAT BOTANICAL GARDEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Firsov ◽  
◽  
A. V. Volchanskaya ◽  
K. G. Tkachenko ◽  
N. E. Staroverov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Peter The Great

scholarly journals Drying out of woody plants at Peter the Great Botanical Garden BIN RAS (Saint Petersburg) and distribution of Phytophthora and Pythiumspecies: monitoring of 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 124-144
Author(s):  
Gennady Firsov ◽  
Vasily Yarmishko ◽  
Alexandra Volchanskaya ◽  
Elizaveta Varfolomeeva ◽  
Ekaterina Malysheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Peter The Great

scholarly journals Resurrection of the Butterfly-winged Comber, Serranus papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832 (Teleostei, Serranidae) and its phylogenetic position within genus Serranus

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Adriana Vella ◽  
Noel Vella ◽  
Carolina Acosta-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Population Conservation ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

The family Serranidae is represented by 92 genera and 579 valid species, with the genus Serranus Cuvier, 1816, containing 30 species. In this study, specimens of Butterfly-winged Comber, Serranus papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832, were collected from the Canary Islands and compared morphologically and genetically to Painted Comber, Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Mediterranean Sea. Morphological differences, especially in the colour banding pattern, were corroborated by genetic differences in mitochondrial (COI and ND2) and nuclear (Rhod and PTR) markers. The mitochondrial DNA markers revealed a high level of divergence and no shared haplotypes between the two species (interspecific divergence: COI 4.31%; ND2 8.68%), and a phylogenetic analysis showed that these two species are closely related sister species sharing common ancestry. This study is therefore offering to resurrect S. papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832 as a valid species increasing the number of eastern Atlantic Serranus species to 11. This should direct new species-specific research, including its population conservation status assessment across its distribution.

Molecular phylogenetic position of Haplometroides intercaecalis (Digenea, Plagiorchiidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel Müller ◽  
Drausio Honorio Morais ◽  
Reinaldo José da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
New Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological Differences

Abstract Three valid species of Haplometroides Odhner, 1910 parasitise snakes and amphisbaenians from South America. This study provides additional data on morphometric and molecular phylogenetic position inferred from the nuclear ribosomal gene 28S (partial). DNA sequences were isolated from Haplometroides intercaecalis Silva, Ferreira and Strüssmann, 2007 found in one specimen of Phalotris matogrossensis Lema, D’Agostini and Cappellari, 2005. Five digenean specimens were recovered from the esophagus of this snake, and four specimens were used for morphometrical studies and one specimen for molecular analysis. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods was conducted with sequences available for the order Plagiorchiida and its phylogenetic position places H. intercaecalis among the brachycoeliids Brachycoelium (Dujardin, 1845) Stiles and Hassall, 1898 and Parabrachycoelium Pérez-Ponce de León, Mendoza-Garfias, Razo-Mendivil and Parra-Olea, 2011, and the mesocoeliid Mesocoelium Odhner, 1910, not closely related to plagiorchids as expected. Due to morphological differences among these families, it may be necessary to create a new family to accommodate Haplometroides spp. However, more genera/taxa as well as other molecular markers should be added in future studies to confirm our results and resolve this matter. This is the first phylogenetic positioning of digeneans of the genus Haplometroides, contributing to the systematic analysis of the helminthological biodiversity of Neotropical snakes.

Phylogeny, biogeography and foliar manganese accumulation of Gossia (Myrtaceae)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd McLay ◽  
Gareth D. Holmes ◽  
Paul I. Forster ◽  
Susan E. Hoebee ◽  
Denise R. Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Clade ◽  
The Relationship

The rainforest genus Gossia N.Snow & Guymer (Myrtaceae) occurs in Australia, Melanesia and Malesia, and is capable of hyperaccumulating the heavy metal manganese (Mn). Here, we used nuclear ribosomal and plastid spacer DNA-sequence data to reconstruct the phylogeny of 19 Australian species of Gossia and eight New Caledonian taxa. Our results indicated that the relationship between Gossia and Austromyrtus (Nied.) Burret is not fully resolved, and most Australian species were supported as monophyletic. Non-monophyly might be related to incomplete lineage sorting or inaccurate taxonomic classification. Bark type appears to be a morphological synapomorphy separating two groups of species, with more recently derived lineages having smooth and mottled ‘python’ bark. New Caledonian species were well resolved in a single clade, but were not the first diverging Gossia lineage, calling into doubt the results of a recent study that found Zealandia as the ancestral area of tribe Myrteae. Within Australia, the evolution of multiple clades has probably been driven by well-known biogeographic barriers. Some species with more widespread distributions have been able to cross these barriers by having a wide range of soil-substrate tolerances. Novel Mn-hyperaccumulating species were identified, and, although Mn hyperaccumulation was not strongly correlated with phylogenetic position, there appeared to be some difference in accumulation levels among clades. Our study is the first detailed phylogenetic investigation of Gossia and will serve as a reference for future studies seeking to understand the origin and extent of hyperaccumulation within the Myrteae and Myrtaceae more broadly.

scholarly journals PYRUS ZANGEZURA (ROSACEAE) AT SAINT PETERSBURG

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
K. G. Tkachenko ◽  
G. A. Firsov ◽  
L. F. Yandovka ◽  
A. V. Volchanskaya ◽  
N. E. Staroverov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative State ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
The Common

Pyrus zangezura Maleev (Rosaceae) is a rare species representing the native vegetation of Armenia (Southern Transcaucasus). It was first described in 1936. P. zangezura has been cultivated at the Peter the Great Botanical Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute (St. Petersburg, Russia) since 1949, where it has reached the height of 8,0 m. For many years, it was in its vegetative state. The first flowering was observed in 2016 (the plant entered the reproductive state). The first progeny from seed was obtained in April 2019. Fruit size was assessed for P. zangezura plants in the dynamics of their development. The studied plants of P. zangezura in the environments of St. Petersburg have demonstrated a high fruiting potential – on average, 109 flowers per 1 m of a shoot. Observations have shown that not all ovules in the opened flowers of P. zangezura are fertilized and produce fruits and seeds. A significant part of the opened flowers, a few days after the onset of flowering, dry up and fall off. On average, 7 fruits are set on 1 m of the shoot in P. zangezura. The reasons for the low flower setting may be variable: impaired pollination processes and insufficient fertility of pollen, underdevelopment of the flower morphological structures, or lack of pollinating insects due to adverse weather conditions. An X-ray analysis of the seeds from the harvests of 2016, 2017 and 2018 showed that the number of plump and fully developed seeds (grades IV and V) in fruits has been growing year by year. As an ornamental plant, P. zangezura may adorn any botanical garden, but it is also promising for urban landscaping, for example, in St. Petersburg. Even in the vegetative state, its elongated lanceolate glossy leaves make it appreciably different from the common P. communis L., and it is especially ornamental during flowering and fruiting. It is as winter-hardy as the common pear-tree, demonstrates resistance to diseases and pests, and may be of importance for breeding programs aimed at the development of resistant cultivars for the Northwest of Russia.  

scholarly journals Biodiversity conservation in Botanical Gardens: collection of Cycadales Pers. ex Bercht. & J. Presl representatives in the greenhouses of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden (BIN RAS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
E.M. Arnautova ◽  
◽  
M.A. Yaroslavtseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Peter The Great

The role of Botanical Gardens in biodiversity conservation is considered. The analysis of the greenhouse collection of Cycadales representatives is carried out. Both the general characteristics of this group of plants (distribution, growth forms, reproduction, taxonomy) and the characteristics of the families and genera Cycadales presented in the collection of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden are given. In the greenhouses, 47 species of Cycadales belonging to 9 genera are grown, all species have a conservation status: CR - 7 species, EN - 10 species, VU - 6 species, NT - 16 species, LC - 8 species.

scholarly journals Siberian plants in the collection «Alpine Slides» in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden of Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
O. G. Baranova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Botanical Institute ◽  
Komarov Botanical Institute ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Time Periods

The article assesses the richness of the collection fund of Siberian plants that grew in the historical periodfrom 1954 to 1963 and grow in the modern period from 2011 to 2020 in the collection “Alpine Slides” of the Peter the GreatBotanical Garden. The main purpose of this article was to assess the preservation of the collection fund of Siberian andpartly Central Asian plants in the historical aspect. It was necessary to identify the plant species that are most resistant tocultivation in the conditions of St. Petersburg. As a result of the comparison, it was found that at present the collection fundof plants is quite poor, compared to the selected historical segment, and it needs to be replenished. The most stable in thecollection were 22 species, as they existed in the collection both in the selected time periods and exist at the present time.The age of individuals of individual species reaches almost 80 years – Brunnera sibirica, Bergenia × ornata, Actaea dahurica,A. simicifuga, Nepeta sibirica, Spodiopogon sibiricus and others. In the modern period of time, more than 20 species didnot pass the initial introduction test and existed in the collection for no more than 2–3 years. These include Viola altaica,Mertensia sibirica, Peucedanum baicalense, Orostachys thyrsiflora and others.

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