Optimization of culture conditions for callus proliferation of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.

Curculigo orchioides Gaertn is a herbaceous plant that has long been used as a tonic in Vietnam with noticeable health benefits. However, the demand for rhizomes of this species could not be met due to their decreasing number in natural habitats. Despite its vulnerability, there are still not enough researches on producing calli of C. orchioides, which is a method having the capacity of creating a large source of cell biomass for bioactive compounds’ extractions. Thus, this study was conducted to figure out the best conditions for C. orchioides’s callus proliferation. Different light regimes, mineral media, and concentrations of some factors like kinetin (KIN), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), yeast extract (YE), activated charcoal (AC), and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were examined. It is shown by the results that half-strength MS medium (½ MS) given 0.5 mg/L KIN and MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L KIN and put in the dark (0 light hour : 24 dark hours) are the optimal conditions for callus proliferation, with the highest fresh weights (FWs), dry weights (DWs), and growth indices (GIs) of 3.89 g / 0.45 g / 7.78, and 4.10 g / 0.47 g / 8.20, respectively. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of AgNO3, YE, and AC were demonstrated since there was no observed heavy callus in the media containing those factors.

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Induction of Adventitious buds from stem explants in Aoectochilus formosanus

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913101131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 01131

Author(s):

Yingbin Xue ◽

Fengyi Xiao ◽

Xiaohao Li ◽

Huamei Chen ◽

Gangshun Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Culture Conditions ◽

Adventitious Bud ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Stem Explants ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Adventitious Buds ◽

High Concentration ◽

Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate ◽

Adventitious Bud Regeneration ◽

Stem Segments

In order to explore the optimal culture conditions for adventitious bud regeneration of stem explants in Aoectochilus formosanus, the stem segments from the sterile seedlings were used as explants, and different concentrations of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), kinetin (KT), Cu2+ and glutamine (Gln) were separately added into MS medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and the induction rate and the induction multiple of adventitious buds were recorded and analyzed. The results showed that the regeneration of adventitious buds could be promoted, when 2 mg/L DA-6, 0.4 mg/L KT and 15 mg/L Gln were added in mediums. However, the effect of Cu2+ on the regeneration of adventitious buds in A. formosanus was enhanced by low concentration and suppressed by high concentration, and the best concentration of Cu2+ was 5 mg/L.

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The Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid on Biomass Increment, Rhizogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis of Suspension-cultured Dinh Lang Cells [Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms]

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-605 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

T.T.B. Phuong ◽

V.P. Trung ◽

N.H. An ◽

N.D. Tuan ◽

P.T.T. Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Triterpenoid Saponins ◽

Cell Biomass ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Background: Dinh Lang [Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms] is a medicinal plant widely grown in Vietnam, with proven note-worthy health benefits. However, Dinh Lang’s amounts of triterpenoid saponins could not meet the need of the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, this study’s purpose is to figure out the optimal condition for raising Dinh Lang’s cell biomass, rhizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis to provide materials for bioactive compound productions. Methods: Different 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and α-naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) were examined to determine the best amount of each plant growth regulator for raising cells’ biomass, rhizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. In each treatment, two grams of eight-week-old calli were cultured in 50 mL of liquid MS medium. Result: It is demonstrated by the results that liquid MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid has the capacity of producing the highest numbers of somatic embryos (489 embryos per flask) and rooted cells (259.5 cells per flask), while the fresh weight of cells cultured in the medium given 1.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid reached its peak of 5.7 g.

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Explant, Medium and Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) Affect Induction and Proliferation of Callus in Abies koreana

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12101388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1388

Author(s):

Ge Guo ◽

Byoung-Ryong Jeong

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Tree Species ◽

Basic Medium ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Stem Segment ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Abies Koreana ◽

Callus Proliferation ◽

Stem Segments

Korean fir (Abies koreana E.H. Wilson) is a unique Pinaceae tree species endemic in Korea. In recent years, it is believed that climate change has caused many of them to die. Therefore, it has become extremely important to protect and preserve this tree species. In this study, the possibility of callus induction using different explants, media, and plant growth regulators (PGRs) was studied. After the dormancy period in May 2020, needles and stem segments that grew from the leaf buds as the explants were collected from one-year-old shoots. The explants were disinfected and subsequently transferred to culture media supplemented with different combinations of auxins and cytokinins. These explants were cultured in the dark in a culture room with a 16 h photoperiod, day/night temperature of 24/18 °C, and 80% relative humidity. After 8 weeks, significant differences were observed in the callus induction and proliferation, as affected by the explant type, basic medium, and PGR. The stem segments were more suitable as the explants for callus induction than needles were. Furthermore, fluffy calli suitable for differentiating the regeneration buds were observed on the calli induced from stem segments. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was the most effective of the three media used in this study, namely MS, Douglas fir cotyledon revised (DCR), and Quoirin and Lepoivre (LP) media, with the highest callus induction ratio of stem segments being 100.0%. The highest fresh callus weight was also observed on the MS medium (819.3 mg). Moreover, the PGR combinations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) consistently exerted a positive influence on callus induction throughout this study. In addition, the advantages of these two kinds of PGR were reflected in callus proliferation. The callus proliferation ratio reached 1,147.6% as compared to the initial fresh weight, with a high concentration of 2,4-D (3.0 mg·L−1). In conclusion, the MS medium was optimal for callus induction on the stem segment explants, and 2,4-D promoted callus induction as well as an increased proliferation ratio of callus in A. koreana.

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Recovery of haploid plants from asparagus microspore culture

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b94-038 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 296-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

X. R. Feng ◽

D. J. Wolyn

Keyword(s):

Yeast Extract ◽

Microspore Culture ◽

Casein Hydrolysate ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Asparagus Officinalis ◽

Induction Medium ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Maturation Medium

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) microspore culture was performed in an array of experiments that assessed the roles of plant growth and culture conditions. The following protocol provided the best results. Flowers with microspores at the late uninucleate stage of development were collected from greenhouse plants grown at 22:18 °C (light:dark) and stored at 5 °C for 3 days. One millilitre of MS medium plus 0.2 g/L yeast extract, 500 mg/L casein hydrolysate, 800 mg/L glutamine, 2.0 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid, 1.0 mg/L benzyladenine, and 6% sucrose (MSFY) was conditioned with 10 anthers/mL for 1 week, after which it was filtered. One hundred anthers were added to shed their microspores (1.6 × 105 per mL) and were removed after 3 weeks when 0.5 mL of fresh medium was added. Cultures were incubated at 35 °C for 1 week, then 30 °C for 5 weeks. Microcalli were collected subsequently on a 100-μm screen and placed on induction medium (MSFY minus yeast extract, plus 3 g/L gelrite) in darkness at 35 °C for 4 weeks and then in light at 25 °C for 4 weeks. Shoots, roots, and bipolar embryos were produced. The latter were transferred to maturation medium (MS plus 0.1 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.5 mg/L kinetin, 3% sucrose, 3 g/L gelrite, and 0.65 mg/L ancymidol) for 4 weeks, then to germination medium (MS plus 1.0 mg/L gibberellic acid, 3% sucrose, 3 mg/L gelrite). Plantlets were grown and maintained on maturation medium. Approximately 0.3% of the cultured microspores produced calli, and 85% of calli produced plantlets. Of 10 plants analyzed, 2 were haploid, 7 were diploid and, 1 was tetraploid. Key words: asparagus, haploid, microspore.

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Alterations in Microrhizome Induction, Shoot Multiplication and Rooting of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong with Regards to Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulators Application

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 320

Author(s):

Nisar Ahmad Zahid ◽

Hawa Z.E. Jaafar ◽

Mansor Hakiman

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽

Planting Materials ◽

Disease Free

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong is a monocotyledon plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Bentong ginger is the most popular cultivar of ginger in Malaysia, which is conventionally propagated by its rhizome. As its rhizomes are the economic part of the plant, the allocation of a large amount of rhizomes as planting materials increases agricultural input cost. Simultaneously, the rhizomes’ availability as planting materials is restricted due to the high demand for fresh rhizomes in the market. Moreover, ginger propagation using its rhizome is accompanied by several types of soil-borne diseases. Plant tissue culture techniques have been applied to produce disease-free planting materials of ginger to overcome these problems. Hence, the in vitro-induced microrhizomes are considered as alternative disease-free planting materials for ginger cultivation. On the other hand, Bentong ginger has not been studied for its microrhizome induction. Therefore, this study was conducted to optimize sucrose and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for its microrhizome induction. Microrhizomes were successfully induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high sucrose concentration (>45 g L−1). In addition, zeatin at 5–10 µM was found more effective for microrhizome induction than 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a similar concentration. The addition of 7.5 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced microrhizome formation and reduced sucrose’s required dose that needs to be supplied for efficient microrhizome formation. MS medium supplemented with 60 g L−1 sucrose, 10 µM zeatin and 7.5 µM NAA was the optimum combination for the microrhizome induction of Bentong ginger. The in vitro-induced microrhizomes sprouted indoors in moist sand and all the sprouted microrhizomes were successfully established in field conditions. In conclusion, in vitro microrhizomes can be used as disease-free planting materials for the commercial cultivation of Bentong ginger.

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INDIRECT ORGANOGENESIS OF BOUCERSIA PROCUMBENS (GAMBLE) PLOWES - A RARE SUCCULENT PLANT

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj257 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 69-72

Author(s):

Karuppusamy S

Keyword(s):

Callus Culture ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Indirect Organogenesis ◽

Succulent Plant ◽

Best Response ◽

Callus Proliferation ◽

Half Strength

Efficient protocols of callus culture indirect organogenesis were established for mature internodal segments of Boucerosia procumbens (Asclepiadoideae). When MS medium was supplemented with different concentration of auxins, the texture of the callus varied according to the nature of auxin. Optimum callus was developed on MS medium supplemented with 3mg/l IAA. Best response (65%) of callus proliferation was obtained when MS medium fortified with 2iP 2mg/l + Zeatin 0.5 mg/l. IAA was most effective in producing the highest frequency of organogenic culture. Regeneration of callus into plantlets could not be achieved inthe present study. The regenerated shoots were rooted on half strength MS medium fortified with 0.1 mg/l NAA. 57% of the rooted shootlets survived in the field.

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STUDY ON THE IN VITRO MORPHOGENETIC RESPONSE FROM SHOOT AND CALLUS CULTURES OF Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex. Roth

Scientific Journal of Tra Vinh University ◽

10.35382/18594816.1.40.2020.614 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (40) ◽

pp. 28-38

Author(s):

Trang Phuong Nguyen Thi ◽

Quang Minh Bui ◽

Hai Duc Le ◽

Linh Quoc Nguyen

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Axillary Shoots ◽

Scientific Database ◽

Medicinal Value ◽

Shoot Growth Rate

Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex. Roth is a short-term plant which contains many important secondarycompounds with high medicinal value. Currently, most of the researches focus on chemical composition and pharmacological activity, but the source of raw materials is very limited. In this study, the first step is transferring the samples from nature into in vitro culture conditions to understand the effects of the factors related to shooting and callus morphogenesis was performed, the first node from shoots apical meristem was isolated and sterilized with 1.5% NaOCl for 20 minutes to achieve high efficiency with 86.11% sterile samples and 85.56% shoot growth rate after 2 weeks of culture on MS medium. The shoot generation from axillary shoots was continued to be investigated with the highest number of shoots formed on MS medium supplemented with BA (1 mg / l) showed 1.53 shoots/implant which the height and the number of leavesare 3.65cm and 6.67, respectively. Besides, the formation of callus from leaves of MS medium supplemented with 2.4 - D (0.25 mg / l) achieved the rate of 66.67% of cultured samples, forming good callus after 4 weeks of culture. The results of the study not only contribute importantly to understanding morphogenesis for micropropagation purposes but also serve as the scientific database for further studies at the cellular and molecular levels of this plant.

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In vitro regeneration performance of Corchorus olitorius

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v8i1.6390 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Hoque ◽

KM Nasiruddin ◽

GKMN Haque ◽

GC Biswas

Keyword(s):

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Root Formation ◽

Plantlet Regeneration ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Corchorus Olitorius ◽

The Media ◽

Regenerated Plantlets

The experiment was conducted during May to December 2008 in the Biotechnology Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to observe the callus induction, regeneration potentiality and to establish a suitable in vitro plantlet regeneration protocol of Corchorus olitorius. MS medium supplemented with different phytohormone concentrations and combinations were used to observe the callus induction, shoot regeneration and root formation ability of the cotyledon with attached petiole derived explant of three genotypes viz. O-9897, O-72 and OM-1. The highest callus induction (92.85%) was observed in O-9897 followed by O-72 (82.14%) in the MS media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L IAA. Genotype O-9897 in MS media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L IAA produced the highest percentage of shoot regenerants (83.33%) followed by O-72 (75.00%) in the media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L IAA. The root formation from regenerants was the best on halfstrength of MS media supplemented with 0.6 mg/L IBA in genotype O-9897 (45.00%). The in vitro regenerated plantlets from the genotypes O-9897 could be established in the field. Therefore, the genotypes O-9897 of C. olitorius in MS media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L IAA could be used for callus induction and shoot regeneration. Keywords: Regeneration; Phytohormone; Corchorus olitorius DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i1.6390J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(1): 1-6, 2010

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Embryonic and larval development of the caridean shrimp Palaemon argentinus (Decapoda, Caridea): effects of salinity and diet

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-bja10041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 94 (1) ◽

pp. 45-62

Author(s):

Carolina Tropea ◽

Liane Stumpf ◽

Laura S. López Greco

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Nutritional Requirements ◽

Larval Performance ◽

Larval Rearing ◽

Caridean Shrimp ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Wide Range

Abstract The caridean shrimp Palaemon argentinus is a species of commercial and ecological interest. Its numerous larval stages, the lack of knowledge on their nutritional requirements, and their ability to survive in a wide range of salinities raise questions on the optimum conditions for larval rearing in captivity. The present study was aimed at evaluating embryonic development under different salinities and larval development under different combinations of salinities and diet regimes, in order to define alternative, cheaper culture conditions. We tested salinities usually encountered by the species in natural habitats (0.1, 1 and 5 ppt) and a highly protein-inert diet (Tetracolor®) as a potential replacement for live food (nauplii of Artemia salina). The incubation period and fecundity were similar among salinity treatments. Overall, the number of survival days and percentage of zoeae that moulted two, three and four times were higher when embryogenesis occurred at 5 ppt and when larvae were exposed to 5 ppt. These results suggest that the conditions experienced by embryos affect the performance of the first larval stages, and probably reflect the lower energetic requirements of zoeae to osmoregulate as water and haemolymph osmolarity become closer. On the other hand, larval performance was better when fed A. salina nauplii than Tetracolor®. The latter may not cover the nutritional requirements of zoeae or may have low digestibility due to insufficient enzymes in the undeveloped larval digestive system. Based on the present results, we conclude that a salinity of 5 ppt combined with a diet consisting of Artemia sp. nauplii is optimal for larval culture at early stages.

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Influence of substrates, light, filter paper and pH on the sporulation of Cercospora sojina

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/s0100-54052013000200008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 126-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Diana Erica Gómez ◽

Erlei Melo Reis

Keyword(s):

Filter Paper ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Light Filter ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Cercospora Sojina ◽

Light Regimes ◽

Extract Agar ◽

Tomato Extract ◽

The Media

Fungi require special substrates for their isolation, vegetative growth and sporulation. In experiments conducted in the laboratory, the influence of substrates, light, filter paper and pH on the sporulation of Cercospora sojina conidia, the causal agent of soybean frogeye leaf spot, was assessed. The media potato sucrose agar, V-8 agar, tomato extract agar, soybean leaf extract agar, soybean seed extract agar, soybean meal agar, soybean flour agar and wheat flour agar were tested, added on the surface, with and without filter paper and under two light regimes, with 12 h light at 25°± 2°C and in the dark. A triple factorial 8x2x2 (substrates x light/dark x with/without filter paper) design with four replicates was used. V-8 agar medium was employed and the pH was adjusted with HCl 0.1N or NaOH 0.1N before autoclaving to the values: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, and the pH of V-8 agar medium is 6.7. The evaluation was done on the seventh day of incubation. Data underwent regression analysis. Sporulation was maximized on the agar media V-8, seed extract, oat flour, tomato extract, and potato sucrose in the presence of filter paper and 12h light. On V-8 medium, maximal sporulation was obtained with pH 6.7.

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