Epidemiology of gestational diabetes mellitus and gestational hypertensive disorders in Aboriginal women living in a remote community

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Sina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Remote Community ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

scholarly journals The Role of HIV Infection in the Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy N. Phoswa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose of the Review: The main objective of this study is to investigate mechanisms associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) in HIV infected pregnant women by looking how placental hormones such as (progesterone and prolactin) and basic haemostatic parameters are regulated in HIV infected pregnancies.Recent Findings: HIV/AIDS are a major global obstetric health burden that lead to increased rate of morbidity and mortality. HIV/AIDS has been associated with the pathophysiology of GDM and HDP. Increased risk of GDM due to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) usage has been reported in HIV infected pregnancies, which causes insulin resistance in both pregnant and non-pregnant individuals. HAART is a medication used for lowering maternal antepartum viral load and pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis of the infant. In pregnant women, HAART induces diabetogenic effect by causing dysregulation of placental hormones such as (progesterone and prolactin) and predispose HIV infected women to GDM. In addition to HIV/AIDS and GDM, Studies have indicated that HIV infection causes haemostatic abnormalities such as hematological disorder, deregulated haematopoiesis process and the coagulation process which results in HDP.Summary: This study will help on improving therapeutic management and understanding of the pathophysiology of GDM and HDP in the absence as well as in the presence of HIV infection by reviewing studies reporting on these mechanism.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Lourenço Gomes dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Cláudia Saunders ◽  
Aline Bull Ferreira Campos ◽  
Gabriella Pinto Belfort ◽  
Patricia de Carvalho Padilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

scholarly journals Population-based study on birth outcomes among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Lin ◽  
Ming-Hung Lin ◽  
Lee-Wen Pai ◽  
Jen-Wei Fang ◽  
Chih-Hsin Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes

AbstractTo evaluate birth outcomes in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we used insurance data of Taiwan to evaluate 11 adverse neonatal outcomes of infants born to women with HDP (N = 7775) and with both HDP and GDM (HDP/GDM) (N = 1946), comparing to women with neither disorder (N = 19,442), matched by age. The impacts of preeclampsia/eclampsia were also evaluated. Results showed that Caesarean section delivery was near 1.7-fold greater in the HDP/GDM and HDP groups than in comparisons. The preterm delivery rates were more than threefold greater in HDP/GDM group and HDP group than in comparisons with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 4.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.34–5.40) and 3.92 (95% CI 3.65–4.21), respectively, followed by jaundice (aORs 2.95 (95% CI 2.63–3.33) and 1.90 (95% CI 1.76–2.06)), and small gestation age (SGA) (aORs 6.57 (95% CI 5.56–7.75) and 5.81 (95% CI 5.15–6.55)). Incidence rates of birth trauma, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, respiratory distress syndrome, and neonatal hypoglycemia were also higher in the HDP/GDM and HDP groups than in the comparison group. Most adverse outcomes increased further in women with preeclampsia or eclampsia. In conclusion, women with HDP are at elevated risks of adverse neonatal outcomes. Risks of most adverse outcomes increase further for women with both HDP and GDM. Preeclampsia or eclampsia may also contribute to these outcomes to higher risk levels. Every pregnant woman with these conditions deserves specialized prenatal care.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Lipid Profile and Outcomes of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertensive Disorders: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Wenqing Chen ◽  
Xiaoqian Wang ◽  
Fengjuan Jiang ◽  
Xiaotian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia during pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) has been extensively studied in western countries. However, similar researches have rarely been conducted in Asia. The present study aimed to evaluate maternal lipid profile changes in relation to pregnancy complications and clinical outcomes.Methods The medical records of 668 pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed. Maternal fasting serum lipids were assayed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) and Apo B concentrations during the second trimesters. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculated. The pregnancy complications included GDM and HDP. The clinical outcomes were collected by evaluating delivery mode, postpartum hemorrhage, macrosomia, birth weight, body length and neonatal Apgar score.Results Levels of TG and AIP were elevated while decreased TC and HDL-C was observed in women with GDM compared with that of the control group (p < 0.05). TG and AIP in HDP group were higher than in control group (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed in postpartum hemorrhage, birth weight and body length between control group and women with GDM or HDP (p < 0.05). Compared with women with serum TG ≥ 2.5 mmol/L or TC ≥ 6.2 mmol/L, the incidence of GDM, cesarean section and macrosomia was lower in normal lipid group (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the incidence of GDM was positively correlated with levels of TG (r = 0.226, p < 0.01) and AIP (r = 0.250, p < 0.01), while negative correlated with TC (r = -0.106, p < 0.01) and HDL-C (r = -0.190, p < 0.01). AIP was correlated positively with the incidence of HDP (r = 0.115, p = 0.043). According to the logistic regression analysis, each unit elevation in AIP increased the risk of GDM by 6.943 times (OR = 6.943, 95% CI: 1.761–27.374).Conclusions Lipid control, especially for women with GDM and HDP, might be a potential strategy for improving the pregnancy outcomes.

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