Osteoarthritis and Falls: Is there a Link?

Osteoarthritis, a widespread joint disease, commonly results in considerable pain and functional disability, especially among older adults. At the same time, falls and fall injuries, also common among the older population, may not only contribute to the onset of osteoarthritis, but once established, to falls that lead to fractures and disability in their own right. But what does the research show specifically? Objective This report aimed to examine what is known about the interrelationship between falls and osteoarthritis and the implications that can be drawn from this information. Methods Using the PUBMED data base, studies describing an association between osteoarthritis and falls were sought. Those fulfilling the eligibility criteria were reviewed and summarized in narrative form. Results Consistent support for an osteoarthritis-falls associated linkage is limited and not as robust as one would predict. Whether the observed associations between these health determinants are a cause of osteoarthritis, a consequence or both, or simply spurious findings is hard to decipher. Conclusion More numerous and carefully designed research to examine this issue is warranted and may be extremely helpful in preventing, as well as ameliorating a high degree of excess disability and associated fiscal costs due to both falls as well as osteoarthritis among the elderly.

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Inflammation in the hippocampus affects IGF1 receptor signaling and contributes to neurological sequelae in rheumatoid arthritis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1810553115 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (51) ◽

pp. E12063-E12072 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Karin M. E. Andersson ◽

Caroline Wasén ◽

Lina Juzokaite ◽

Lovisa Leifsdottir ◽

Malin C. Erlandsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Neurological Sequelae ◽

Molecular Features ◽

Igf1r Signaling ◽

Igf1 Receptor ◽

The Brain

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory joint disease with a neurological component including depression, cognitive deficits, and pain, which substantially affect patients’ quality of daily life. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling is one of the factors in RA pathogenesis as well as a known regulator of adult neurogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between IGF1R signaling and the neurological symptoms in RA. In experimental RA, we demonstrated that arthritis induced enrichment of IBA1+ microglia in the hippocampus. This coincided with inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and up-regulation of IGF1R in the pyramidal cell layer of the cornus ammoni and in the dentate gyrus, reproducing the molecular features of the IGF1/insulin resistance. The aberrant IGF1R signaling was associated with reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, smaller hippocampus, and increased immobility of RA mice. Inhibition of IGF1R in experimental RA led to a reduction of IRS1 inhibition and partial improvement of neurogenesis. Evaluation of physical functioning and brain imaging in RA patients revealed that enhanced functional disability is linked with smaller hippocampus volume and aberrant IGF1R/IRS1 signaling. These results point to abnormal IGF1R signaling in the brain as a mediator of neurological sequelae in RA and provide support for the potentially reversible nature of hippocampal changes.

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Do Radiographic Joint Damage and Disease Activity Influence Functional Disability Through Different Mechanisms? Direct and Indirect Effects of Disease Activity in Established Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.121346 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 1505-1512 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sandhya C. Nair ◽

Johannes W.J. Bijlsma ◽

Jacobien H. van der Werf ◽

Maaike J. van der Veen ◽

Suzanne P. Linn-Rasker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Joint Damage ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Influence Functional ◽

Over Time ◽

Predictive Effect

Objective.To explore the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity and functional disability over time, considering indirect (predictive) and direct (concurrent) associations as well as the influence of radiographic joint damage and treatment strategy.Methods.Functional disability [Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)], disease activity [28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28)], and radiographic joint damage [Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS)] were measured in 4 consecutive randomized controlled trials with increasingly intensive (tight control) treatment strategies. Average followup time for the 3 cohorts was 97, 53, and 50 months, respectively. Next to current DAS28, the previous DAS28 was used to study the predictive effect of a change in DAS28 on progression of functional disability (HAQ). Finally, it was investigated whether SHS mediated the predictive effect of DAS28.Results.In patients treated with intensive treatment strategies, the progression of HAQ over time was statistically significantly less (p < 0.0001). The predictive influence of DAS28 on HAQ progression increased over the duration of the disease. SHS was not found to influence HAQ progression and did not mediate the predictive effect of DAS28. In the less intensively treated patients, the direct effect of disease activity decreased with disease duration, and contrarily, SHS did influence HAQ progression, but was not found to (fully) mediate the predictive effect of DAS28.Conclusion.In patients with RA treated with modern treatment strategies, there is less functional decline over time. Further, disease activity does predict functional decline but joint damage does not. This might indicate that factors associated with cumulative disease activity but not visible on radiographs can influence functional decline in patients with RA. This further underlines the importance of disease activity as a treatment target in early RA and in established RA.

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Prevalence and intensity of chronic pain and self-perceived health among elderly people: a population-based study

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-1169.3591.2465 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 662-669 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Lilian Varanda Pereira ◽

Patrícia Pereira de Vasconcelos ◽

Layz Alves Ferreira Souza ◽

Gilberto de Araújo Pereira ◽

Adélia Yaeko Kyosen Nakatani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Elderly People ◽

Perceived Health ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Self ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Lumbar Region ◽

Self Perception ◽

Perception Of Health

OBJECTIVE: to identify the prevalence and intensity of chronic pain among elderly people of the community and to analyze associations with the self-perceived health status.METHOD: cross-sectional study with a populational sample (n=934), conducted through household interviews in the city of Goiânia, Brazil. The intensity of chronic pain (existing for 6 months or more) was measured using a numerical scale (0-10) and the self-perceived health through a verbal scale (very good, good, fair, poor, very poor). For the statistical analysis, the absolute frequency and percentage, CI (95%), Chi-square test, Odds ratio, and regression analysis were used. Significance of 5%.RESULTS: The prevalence of chronic pain was 52.8% [CI (95%):49.4-56.1]; most frequently located in the lower limbs (34.5%) and lumbar region (29.5%); with high or the worst possible intensity for 54.6% of the elderly people. The occurrence of chronic pain was associated with (p<0.0001) a worse self-perception of health (OR=4.2:2.5-7.0), a greater number of chronic diseases (OR=1.8:1.2-2.7), joint disease (OR=3.5:2.4-5.1) and the female gender (OR=2.3:1.7-3.0). A lower intensity of chronic pain was associated with a better self-perception of health (p<0.0001).CONCLUSION: the majority of the elderly people of the community reported chronic pain, of a severe intensity, and located in areas related to movement activities, thus influencing the morbidity and mortality of this population.

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Responsabilidade Social (RSI) e Reputação Organizacional (ROI) Internas: relação competitiva para a empresa?

Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB ◽

10.18265/1517-03062015v1n44p205-218 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (44) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Angelica Carina de Andrade Farias Lima ◽

Amanda Raquel da França Filgueiras D Amorim

Keyword(s):

Social Responsibility ◽

Theoretical Basis ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Resource Based View ◽

Organizational Reputation ◽

The Social ◽

High Degree ◽

The Relationship ◽

Research Show

The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between Internal Social Responsibility (RSI) and Internal Organizational Reputation (ROI). It also aims at checking if they are considered sources of competitive advantages for companies. The research used a theoretical basis developed by Pena et al. (2005) for the analysis of RSI through the analysis of 9 indicators, the same used by the Ethos Institute, and Lerner’s (2006) proposal to identify the employees’ perception of the degree of agreement with the ROI, based on the perception of 8 attributes related to company. The research was carried out in the company Antares Comunicação through questionnaires applied to the employees and semi-structured interview conducted with the manager of the Social Responsibility program. The results of the research show a high degree of agreement, an average of 5.5 in relation to the RSI actions developed by the company, as well as an average of 4.9 for the attributes related to ROI. He found through Pearson’s correlation analysis, there is a significant, linear and positive relationship between RSI and ROI. Therefore, according to the Resource Based View (VBR), the two variables, Internal Social Responsibility and Internal Organizational Reputation can be considered sources of competitive advantage for the company.

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Functional disability with systematic trends and uncertainty: a comparison between China and the US

Annals of Actuarial Science ◽

10.1017/s1748499521000233 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Yu Fu ◽

Michael Sherris ◽

Mengyi Xu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Uncertainty ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Long Term Care ◽

The Elderly ◽

Aged Care ◽

Term Care ◽

Healthy Longevity ◽

The Us ◽

Long Term Care Insurance

Abstract China and the US are two contrasting countries in terms of functional disability and long-term care. China is experiencing declining family support for long-term care and developing private long-term care insurance. The US has a more developed public aged care system and private long-term care insurance market than China. Changes in the demand for long-term care are driven by the levels, trends and uncertainty in mortality and functional disability. To understand the future potential demand for long-term care, we compare mortality and functional disability experiences in China and the US, using a multi-state latent factor intensity model with time trends and systematic uncertainty in transition rates. We estimate the model with the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) and the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data. The estimation results show that if trends continue, both countries will experience longevity improvement with morbidity compression and a declining proportion of the older population with functional disability. Although the elderly Chinese have a shorter estimated life expectancy, they are expected to spend a smaller proportion of their future lifetime functionally disabled than the elderly Americans. Systematic uncertainty is shown to be significant in future trends in disability rates and our model estimates higher uncertainty in trends for the Chinese elderly, especially for urban residents.

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Functional disability and morbidities among the elderly people, according to socio-demographic conditions and indicative of depression

Investigación y Educación en Enfermería ◽

10.17533/udea.iee.v35n1a06 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bárbara Ferreira Agreli ◽

◽

Flavia Aparecida Dias ◽

Pollyana Cristina dos Santos Ferreira ◽

Nayara Cândida Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly People ◽

Functional Disability ◽

The Elderly

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Bone and Joint Disease in the Elderly

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/ard.43.2.326 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 326-326

Author(s):

C. Reisner

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Joint Disease

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Time spent in sedentary behaviors as a predictor for functional disability in the elderly

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.709 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. S292

Author(s):

J. Sindra Virtuoso Júnior ◽

S. Tribess ◽

S. Vasconcelos Rocha ◽

V. Romo-Perez

Keyword(s):

Functional Disability ◽

The Elderly ◽

Sedentary Behaviors

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Measuring the association of objective and perceived neighborhood environment with physical activity in older adults: challenges and implications from a systematic review

International Journal of Health Geographics ◽

10.1186/s12942-020-00243-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manuela Peters ◽

Saskia Muellmann ◽

Lara Christianson ◽

Imke Stalling ◽

Karin Bammann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Successful Aging ◽

The Elderly ◽

Neighborhood Environment ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Measurement Instruments ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Methodological Approaches

Abstract Background A supportive environment is a key factor in addressing the issue of health among older adults. There is already sufficient evidence that objective and self-reported measures of the neighborhood environment should be taken into account as crucial components of active aging, as they have been shown to influence physical activity; particularly in people aged 60+. Thus, both could inform policies and practices that promote successful aging in place. An increasing number of studies meanwhile consider these exposures in analyzing their impact on physical activity in the elderly. However, there is a wide variety of definitions, measurements and methodological approaches, which complicates the process of obtaining comparable estimates of the effects and pooled results. The aim of this review was to identify and summarize these differences in order to emphasize methodological implications for future reviews and meta analyzes in this field and, thus, to create a sound basis for synthesized evidence. Methods A systematic literature search across eight databases was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles examining the association of objective and perceived measures of the neighborhood environment and objectively measured or self-reported physical activity in adults aged ≥ 60 years. Two authors independently screened the articles according to predefined eligibility criteria, extracted data, and assessed study quality. A qualitative synthesis of the findings is provided. Results Of the 2967 records retrieved, 35 studies met the inclusion criteria. Five categories of methodological approaches, numerous measurement instruments to assess the neighborhood environment and physical activity, as well as several clusters of definitions of neighborhood, were identified. Conclusions The strength of evidence of the associations of specific categories of environmental attributes with physical activity varies across measurement types of the outcome and exposures as well as the physical activity domain observed and the operationalization of neighborhood. The latter being of great importance for the targeted age group. In the light of this, future reviews should consider these variations and stratify their summaries according to the different approaches, measures and definitions. Further, underlying mechanisms should be explored.

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