scholarly journals The features of psychological state, eating behavior, hormonal and adipokine regulation of metabolism in men with subcutaneous and abdominal fat distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Iraida G. Mokhova ◽  
Boris B. Pinkhasov ◽  
Nadejda I. Shilina ◽  
Svetlana V. Yankovskaya ◽  
Vera G. Selyatitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Body Image Satisfaction ◽  
Class I Obesity ◽  
Group 4

BACKGROUND: development of obesity and obesity related conditions are directly associated with eating disorders and psychological state. There is increasing focus on the assessment the characteristics of these indicators in men with subcutaneous and central fat distribution, which are associated with various hormonal and adipokine mechanisms that effect on parameters of metabolism and eating behavior. AIMS: to study the characteristics of the psychologycal state, eating behavior and their relationship with hormonal and adipokine status in men with different fat distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a single-center, cross-sectional study of 99 men aged 27 to 68 years was performed. 4 groups of men were formed after anthropometric examination. Group 1 (comparison) consisted of men with normal body weight. Group 2 consisted of overweight men, class I obesity and lower subcutaneous fat distribution (SFD). Group 3 consisted of overweight men, men with class I obesity and abdominal fat distribution (AFD); group 4 - men with class II obesity and class III obesity AFD. Eating behavior were determined with DEBQ questionnaire, severity of anxiety-depressive disorders were investigated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; body image satisfaction was assessed with body image questionnaire. Serum glucose, triglycerides, insulin, leptin and adiponectin were estimated. RESULTS: it was shown, that men with AFD had severe metabolic disorders: hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia and hypoadiponectinemia, than men with SFD. Men with AFD had an external type of eating behavior, with sever expressed depressive disorders and body image dissatisfaction. Men with SFD had an emotional type of eating behavior and higher body image satisfaction. A comparative analysis between men from 3 and 4 groups with AFD showed that in group 4 in men had higher hyperleptinemia and insulin resistance and there are no differences in severity of eating disorders, anxiety and depression between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: adipose tissue topography is associated with the psychophysiological, metabolic, hormonal and adipokine characteristics that underlie the development of primary obesity in men.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Sense of Coherence, Stress, Body Image Satisfaction and Eating Behavior in Japanese and Austrian Students

Psych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 504-515
Author(s):  
Kato ◽  
Greimel ◽  
Hu ◽  
Müller-Gartner ◽  
Salchinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Body Image Satisfaction ◽  
External Eating ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Restrained, emotional, and external eating are related to obesity and eating disorders. A salutogenic model has confirmed sense of coherence (SOC) as a health resource that moderates stress and helps limit the occurrence of overweightness and eating disorders. This study aimed to examine the relationship between SOC, social support, stress, body image satisfaction (BIS) and eating behaviors in different cultural environments. Methods: A total of 371 Austrian (161 men, 210 women) and 398 Japanese (226 men, 172 women) university students participated. The SOC-13 scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, BMI-Based Silhouette Matching Test and an analogue single-stress item were used as measurements. Results: SOC negatively affected all three types of eating in Austrian students (men: β = −0.227 to −0.215; women: β = −0.262 to −0.214). In Japanese students, SOC negatively affected external eating in both sexes (men: β = −0.150; women: β = −0.198) and emotional eating (β = −0.187) in men. BIS indicated that the desire to become slim predicted restrained eating, women’s emotional eating, and men’s and Austrian women’s external eating. Stress was only predictive of emotional eating in Japanese men. Conclusions: This study found that SOC, BIS and stress might be valuable factors regulating eating behavior in a cultural context. However, the relationship between SOC, BIS, stress and eating behavior differs between cultures.

Mood, Emotions, and Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Vögele ◽  
Annika P.C. Lutz ◽  
E. Leigh Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Affective Functioning ◽  
Food Body

Mood and emotions are intrinsically involved with eating. This chapter discusses basic mechanisms, findings, and models that help our understanding of the interactions between eating and emotions, in both clinical and nonclinical populations. The finding that negative affect predicts EDs transdiagnostically, and that comorbidity with depressive disorders and anxiety disorders is the norm among patients with EDs suggests that EDs may not necessarily be restricted to domains of eating behavior and body image but may also be associated with significant difficulties in affective functioning. This chapter reviews the evidence relating to the notion that EDs are disturbances of mood regulation, in which regulatory strategies specifically related to eating and the body are used to diminish negative affect associated with food, body image, or stress.

Eating Behavior and Body Image in College Athletes and Nonathletes

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zella E. Moore ◽  
Chad Morrow ◽  
Andrew T. Wolanin ◽  
Christine Abrams ◽  
Kristen Capozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
College Athletes

The Relationship between Life Events and Personality Style to the Development of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders Among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noga Oschry-Bernstein ◽  
Netta Horesh-Reinman ◽  
Adar Avnon ◽  
Tomer Mevorach ◽  
Alan Apter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Early Trauma

Background:: The separateness of anxiety disorder and depressive disorder as two distinct disorders is often questioned. The aim of the current study is to examine whether there is a different profile of life events and personality characteristics for anxiety and depression disorders in adolescents. Methods:: One hundred forty-six adolescents participated in the study, 57 boys and 89 girls, ranging in age from 11-18 years (mean=15.08+1.97). The study group included 92 adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and the comparison group included 54 teenagers with no known psychopathology. Results:: Multinomial logistic regression produced different predictive profiles for anxiety disorder and for depressive disorders. Life event variables, especially minor life events and early traumas, were found to be predictors for depression. Furthermore, interaction was found between early trauma and minor life events in the prediction of depression, such that the existence of trauma weakened the statistical correlation between minor life events and the onset of depression. In addition, contrary to the literature regarding adults, it was found that during adolescence personality variables have a unique contribution as predictive factors for vulnerability to the onset of anxiety and depression, thus reducing the significance of life events. Conclusion:: Our findings suggest that different profile of life events and personality characteristics can be identified for the two disorders. In addition, it appears that early traumas are a dominant factor that overshadows more recent life events at the onset of depression among adolescents.

The validity of diagnostic systems for common mental disorders: a comparison between the ID-CATEGO and the DSM-III systems

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Grayson ◽  
Keith Bridges ◽  
Diane Cook ◽  
David Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Latent Trait ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Multiple Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Initial Scale

SYNOPSISIt is argued that latent trait analysis provides a way of examining the construct validity of diagnostic concepts which are used to categorize common mental illnesses. The present study adds two additional aspects of validity using multiple discriminant analysis applied to two widely used taxonomic systems. Scales of anxiety and depression derived from previous latent trait analyses are applied to individuals reaching criteria for ‘caseness’ on the ID-CATEGO system and the DSM-III system, both at initial diagnosis and six months later. The first multiple discriminant analysis is carried out on the initial scale scores, and the results are interpreted in terms of concurrent validity. The second analysis uses improvement scores on the two scales and relates to predictive validity. It is argued that the ID-CATEGO system provides a better classification for common mental illnesses than the DSM-III system, since it allows a better discrimination to be made between anxiety and depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Loneliness and Depression among Polish High-School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1706
Author(s):  
Beata Dziedzic ◽  
Paulina Sarwa ◽  
Ewa Kobos ◽  
Zofia Sienkiewicz ◽  
Anna Idzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Loneliness Scale ◽  
Emotional Loneliness ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Introduction: Having impaired relations and limited interpersonal contact is associated with a sense of loneliness, and can result in a number of mental disorders, including the development of depression. Approximately one in five adolescents in the world suffers from depression, and first episodes of such are occurring at increasingly young ages. Due to a lack of appropriate support from parents, teachers and the healthcare system, the young person feels alone when dealing with their problem. Aims: The aims of this study are to determine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, aggression and sense of loneliness among high school students, and to analyze a correlation between loneliness and depression. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 300 high school students in Poland. The study material was collected using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M) and De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). Results: A feeling of loneliness correlated significantly with depressive disorders (p < 0.005), with the strongest effect between the total HADS-M score and the total loneliness scale score (r = 0.61). The overall presence of disorders as per HADS-M was found to be 23%, and borderline conditions were found in 19.3%. In 24% of the students, disorders were revealed on the anxiety subscale and in 46.3% on the aggression subscale. On DJGLS, a very severe sense of loneliness was observed in 6.67% of the subjects, and in 42.3% of them, a moderate feeling of loneliness was indicated. On the social loneliness subscale, a severe sense of loneliness was found in 22.7%, while on the emotional loneliness subscale, it was found in 16.7% of the subjects. Conclusions: In this study, a quarter of the student participants experienced anxiety and depression disorders. Students showing higher levels of anxiety, depression, and aggression also showed enhanced loneliness. Girls showed higher levels of anxiety, depression and aggression, as well as emotional loneliness.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional associations of adipokines and abdominal fat distribution with aging in men

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional
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