scholarly journals Hepatopulmonary syndrome: a rare manifestation of cirrhosis in patient with diencephalic obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after surgery for craniopharyngioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
N. A. Mazerkina ◽  
A. N. Savateev ◽  
S. K. Gorelyshev ◽  
S. A. Mariashev ◽  
S. A. Beregovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
End Stage

We describe a 15-year girl, who developed panhypopituitarism and diencephalic obesity after surgical excision of craniopharyngioma, followed by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cirrhosis 5 years after surgery. Cirrhosis in this case manifested by hypoxia due to hepatopulmonary syndrome, and despite cure of craniopharyngioma by surgery and radiosurgery treatment and adequate hormonal substitution therapy patient died 9 years after surgery. Growth hormone substitutional therapy in patients with hypopituitarism, and steatohepatitis may decrease liver triglyceride accumulation and prevent end-stage liver disease.

scholarly journals NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF HEPATOLOGY CONSENSUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helma P COTRIM ◽  
Edison R PARISE ◽  
Cláudio FIGUEIREDO-MENDES ◽  
João GALIZZI-FILHO ◽  
Gilda PORTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
End Stage

ABSTRACT The prevalence of obesity-related metabolic syndrome has rapidly increased in Brazil, resulting in a high frequency of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, that didn't receive much attention in the past. However, it has received increased attention since this disease was identified to progress to end-stage liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have not been established in Brazil. The Brazilian Society of Hepatology held an event with specialists' members from all over Brazil with the purpose of producing guideline for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease based on a systematic approach that reflects evidence-based medicine and expert opinions. The guideline discussed the following subjects: 1-Concepts and recommendations; 2-Diagnosis; 3-Non-medical treatment; 4-Medical treatment; 5-Pediatrics - Diagnosis; 6-Pediatrics - Non-medical treatment; 7-Pediatrics - Medical treatment; 8-Surgical treatment.

scholarly journals From Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) – New Terminology in Pediatric Patients as a Step in Good Scientific Direction?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Flisiak-Jackiewicz ◽  
Anna Bobrus-Chociej ◽  
Natalia Wasilewska ◽  
Dariusz Lebensztejn
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Set Up ◽  
End Stage

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which predispose to more serious hepatic conditions. It ranges from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to cirrhosis and even end-stage liver disease. Since obesity became one of the most important health concerns wordwide, a considerable increase in the prevalance of NAFLD and other metabolic implications has been observed, both in adults, and children. Due to the coexistence of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). These relationship between NAFLD and MetS led to set up in adults new term combining both of these conditions, called metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Based of these findings, we propose set of criteria, which may be useful to diagnose MAFLD in children and adolescents.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fuchs ◽  
Puneet Puri
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
End Stage

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined by the pathologic accumulation of fat in more than 5% of hepatocytes in the absence of significant alcohol consumption (daily intake < 20 g in women and < 30 g in men) and by excluding secondary causes of hepatic steatosis. NAFLD can be categorized into two principal phenotypes: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NAFL is defined by the presence of macrovesicular steatosis without inflammation, whereas NASH sees inflammation and hepatocyte ballooning injury, is associated with varying degrees of fibrosis, and can progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. This review addresses the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of NAFLD. Figures show the spectrum of fatty liver disease, hepatic consequences of insulin resistance, role of liver biopsy in evaluation of NAFLD, histologic features of NASH, and principles of NAFLD. Tables list risk factors and clinical manifestations for NAFLD, physical examination findings in NAFLD, comparison of imaging modalities, and noninvasive fibrosis markers. This review contains 6 figures, 5 tables and 166 references Key words: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, non-invasive assessment, vibration controlled transient elastography, magnetic resonance elastography, diet and lifestyle treatment

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Novel Nonhuman Primate Model of Age-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A287-A288
Author(s):  
Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees ◽  
Juan Pablo Palavicini ◽  
Xianlin Han ◽  
Adam Salmon ◽  
Amrita Kamat
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lipid Species

Abstract The objective of the proposed study is to investigate the feasibility of the marmoset as an animal model to study age-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This chronic liver disease includes a spectrum of disorders ranging from increased triglyceride accumulation in the liver or hepatic steatosis to the more severe inflammatory form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis that can lead to cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals who do not have a history of alcohol abuse. Aging increases the prevalence of NAFLD and is strongly associated with the progression and severity of this disease. End-stage hepatic failure and liver cancer resulting from advanced NAFLD are leading indications for liver transplantation enhancing the burden on our healthcare systems. Accumulating clinical evidence also suggests that patients with NAFLD have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of NAFLD are poorly understood and as such, there is a lack of effective therapies. The common marmoset is a relatively short-lived non-human primate that recapitulates many of the physiological changes that occur in human aging. We hypothesized an age-associated increase in hepatic steatosis and alterations in serum lipid profile in the marmoset model. An increase in triglyceride levels and oil red o staining in liver tissues of old marmosets compared to young animals was observed suggesting an age-associated increase in hepatic steatosis in marmosets as observed in humans. Lipidomic studies were also performed using blood samples from male and female marmosets to investigate age-associated changes in specific lipid species, which are characteristic of aberrant lipid metabolism. Analysis of the results revealed significant decreases in several phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin species in the plasma of old marmosets compared to young marmosets. We are now performing studies to determine whether the observed changes in different lipid species could influence the development of cardiovascular disease and provide new insights underlying the mechanisms of NAFLD development with aging.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Cirrhosis: A Review of Its Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Li ◽  
Chuan Zhang ◽  
Yu-Tao Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Common ◽  
End Stage

Cirrhosis is the common end stage of a number of chronic liver conditions and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. With the growing epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and will become one of the leading causes of cirrhosis. Increased awareness and understanding of NAFLD cirrhosis are essential. To date, there has been no published systematic review on NAFLD cirrhosis. Thus, this article reviews recent studies on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of NAFLD cirrhosis.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8138
Author(s):  
Jeongeun Hyun ◽  
Youngmi Jung
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hepatic Disorder ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Affect Gene Expression

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread hepatic disorder in the United States and other Westernized countries. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced stage of NAFLD, can progress to end-stage liver disease, including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Poor understanding of mechanisms underlying NAFLD progression from simple steatosis to NASH has limited the development of effective therapies and biomarkers. An accumulating body of studies has suggested the importance of DNA methylation, which plays pivotal roles in NAFLD pathogenesis. DNA methylation signatures that can affect gene expression are influenced by environmental and lifestyle experiences such as diet, obesity, and physical activity and are reversible. Hence, DNA methylation signatures and modifiers in NAFLD may provide the basis for developing biomarkers indicating the onset and progression of NAFLD and therapeutics for NAFLD. Herein, we review an update on the recent findings in DNA methylation signatures and their roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and broaden people’s perspectives on potential DNA methylation-related treatments and biomarkers for NAFLD.

scholarly journals Model for end-stage liver disease Na Score predicts incident major cardiovascular events in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey G. Simon ◽  
Uri Kartoun ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Andrew T. Chan ◽  
Raymond T. Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
End Stage Liver Disease ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Elevation of plasma tRNA fragments as a promising biomarker for liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Huang ◽  
Biao Tu ◽  
Hui-jun Liao ◽  
Fei-zhou Huang ◽  
Zhen-zhou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
New Class ◽  
End Stage

AbstractFibrotic tissue remodelling in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) will probably emerge as the leading cause of end-stage liver disease in the coming decades, but the ability to diagnose liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients noninvasively is limited. The abnormal expression of tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) in plasma provides a novel idea for noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases, however, the relationship between tsRNAs and NAFLD is still unknown. Here, we took advantage of small RNA-Seq technology to profile tsRNAs in NAFLD patients and found the ubiquitous presence of hepatic tsRNAs secreted into circulating blood. Verification in a cohort of 114 patients with NAFLD and 42 patients without NAFLD revealed that three tsRNAs (tRF-Val-CAC-005, tiRNA-His-GTG-001, and tRF-Ala-CGC-006) were significantly elevated in the plasma of NAFLD patients, and the expression level are associated with NAFLD activity score (calculated from 0 to 8) and fibrosis stage (scored from 0 to 4). In mouse models, we further found that increased plasma levels of these three tsRNAs were positively correlated with the degree of liver fibrosis. Our study potentially identifies a new class of NAFLD biomarkers and reveal the possible existence of tsRNAs in the blood that can be used to predict fibrogenesis risk in patients diagnosed with NAFLD.

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