scholarly journals Yield and phosphorus use efficiency of carrot cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37085
Author(s):  
Priscila Maylana Modesto de Jesus ◽  
Leilson Costa Grangeiro ◽  
Valdívia de Fatima Lima de Sousa ◽  
Gerlani Alves da Silva ◽  
Luiz Ricardo Rebouças da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Use Efficiency

Phosphate fertilization is indispensable for carrot cultivation, as it contributes to plant development, formation of marketable roots and higher yields. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the production and nutritional efficiency of carrot cultivars under phosphate fertilization. The experiments were carried out from July to November 2016 and from June to October 2017, at the Rafael Fernandes experimental farm, District of Alagoinha, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 4×4 factorial scheme with 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of carrot cultivars (Brasília, Planalto, Suprema and Nativa) with phosphorus (P) doses (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg ha-1 P2O5). The characteristics analyzed were: P content in the diagnostic leaf, plant dry matter, plant height, marketable and total yields, and the classification of cultivars for efficiency and response to phosphate fertilization. The increments promoted by phosphate fertilization were 64% in plant height, 444% in dry matter and 284% in marketable yield. The maximum marketable yield was obtained with doses from 186.8 to 243.5 kg ha-1, depending on the cultivar. The Native cultivar was classified as more efficient in the use of P.

scholarly journals Enhanced-efficiency phosphorus fertilizer: promising technology for carrot crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
Adilson Pelá ◽  
Matheus A Ribeiro ◽  
Rafael U Bento ◽  
Luiz HB Cirino ◽  
Roberto A Reis Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization

ABSTRACT Several studies were carried out to evaluate polymer-coated mineral fertilizers; however, few studies, on the agronomic efficiency of these fertilizers in the field in carrot crop, are available. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the use of enhanced-efficiency phosphorus fertilizer coated with polymers in carrot (Daucus carota). The experiment was carried out in field, in Ipameri-GO. The experimental design was randomized blocks, arranged in an incomplete factorial design (5x2)+1, considering five phosphorus doses (150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 ha-1 kg P2O5), two P sources [conventional MAP (monoammonium phosphate) and polymer-coated MAP (Policote)] and one additional treatment (control, without P). The evaluated traits were plant height, root length, root diameter, total productivity, marketable root classes, agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilization and P content in the roots. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. Phosphate fertilization did not influence the P content in carrot roots, but increased plant height, root length and diameter and yield of carrot roots. Polymer-coated phosphate increased plant height, length, diameter and productivity of carrot roots, when compared to conventional fertilizer. Carrot productivity was, on average, 15.5% higher with polymer-coated P source (39.42 t ha-1) than with the conventional P source (34.11 t ha-1). Marketable roots were also improved with the use of polymer-coated phosphate fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer coated with polymer increased the agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilization in the carrot crop.

scholarly journals Crescimento e produção do jambu submetido a lâminas de irrigação

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Duane Corrêa Gaia ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Mariele dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Jéssica Mariana Coelho Magalhães ◽  
Raquel Giseli Assis Rosário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency

This study evaluated the effect that different irrigation depths have on the growth and crop production of jambu plants. The treatments consisted of five irrigation depths corresponding to 40%, 70%, 100%, 130% and 160% of field capacity. We used randomized blocks with four replications for the experimental design. The plot consisted of four plants in separate pots. For comparison of treatments, at 27 days after transplantation, the following variables were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, leaf fresh matter, stalk fresh matter, root fresh matter, inflorescence fresh matter, leaf dry matter, stalk dry matter, root dry matter, inflorescence dry matter and water use efficiency. The effect of irrigation depth was significant for the analyzed variables, except for stem diameter and inflorescence dry matter. There was a quadratic behavior of the variables regarding the applied irrigation depths. The maximum values of each parameter were obtained with irrigation depths close to 100% field capacity. Although the efficiency of water use was higher for the irrigation depth of 40% field capacity, the use of irrigation depth at 100% field capacity is recommended since it provided the best answers of the variables analyzed.

scholarly journals Sunflower performance as a function of phosphate fertilization in semiarid conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e42960
Author(s):  
Enielson Bezerra Soares ◽  
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior ◽  
José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque ◽  
Manoel Galdino dos Santos ◽  
Hamurábi Anizio Lins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
P Content ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of sunflower cultivars submitted to increasing levels of phosphate fertilization in two crops. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replicates in subdivided plots, where five doses of simple superphosphate (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1 P2O5) were allocated to the plots and three sunflower cultivars (Aguará 06, Altis 99, and Embrapa 122-V2000) were assigned to the subplots. The variables evaluated were the P content in the diagnostic leaf, number of achenes per capitulum, achene yield (kg ha-1), oil content (%) and oil yield. The phosphorus doses increased the components of production. The dose that provided the best sunflower performance varied for the different cultivars. Among the doses studied, fertilization with 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 in the 2016 agricultural crop and 150 kg ha-1 P2O5 in the 2017 agricultural crop provided the best conditions for sunflower cultivation. The cultivar Aguará 06 produced more achenes and oil than the other cultivars analyzed in the agricultural crops.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Phosphate Fertilization Maximize Grass BRS Zuri Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Sebastião Soares De Oliveira Neto ◽  
Ana Stella Freire Gonçalves ◽  
Rita Therezinha Rolim Pietramale ◽  
Mário José Bellíssimo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization

The low nutrients levels available in pasture formation reduces the forage yield. Soil correction and fertilization practices are considered priorities in the planning, renovation or recovery of pastures. The aimed of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilization rate in productivity of the Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a 3×4 factorial arrangement, with three doses of superphosphate (0.0, 80.0 and 160.0 kg.ha-1) and four doses of ammonium nitrate (0.0; 20.0; 40.0 and 60.0 kg.ha-1), with three replicates. The following parameters were evaluated at 120 days after implantation: green mass and dry matter yield, plant height, number of plants and tillers per square meter. The doses of 80.0 and 160.0 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 and 60.0 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen combined to each other showed the best results for forage yield.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the Classification for the Phosphorus Use Efficiency Traits at the Seedling Stage in Lentil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muraleedhar S Aski ◽  
Neha Rai ◽  
Venkat Praksh Reddy ◽  
Harsh Kumar Dikshit ◽  
Gyan Prakash Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
P Efficiency ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Wild Lentil ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Understanding the morphology of the root system in lentils is critical for the identification of root characteristics for breeding cultivars with enhanced phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) to better adapt to poor P environments. PUE and variability in root morphological characteristics at the early vegetative stage were investigated among 40 indigenous and exotic lentil genotypes in a hydroponic phenotyping system.Results: A prerequisite for developing P-efficient crop cultivars is to categorise existing germplasm. In this experiment, 40 lentil genotypes were grown for 24 days under P deficit (3 μm KH2PO4) and P adequate (250 μm KH2PO4) conditions in hydroponics. Lentil genotypes exhibited significant variability for root, biomass, and P efficiency traits. Different techniques have identified various genotypes of lentils based on the efficiency of phosphorus uptake (PUPE) and the efficiency of phosphorus utilization (PUTE). IG 568229 showed the highest PUPE, while the wild ILWL-15 lentil showed the lowest PUPE in both media. The wild lentil ILWL-95 showed maximum PUTE under P adequate medium. The IC 560135, IG 334, IG 560157 and IG 568229 genotypes were found to be highly efficient at both P levels and to be ideal for a large range of P levels without having a drastic impact on biomass output.Conclusions: The primary step for breeding more P-efficient crop plants is the classification of the germplasm. IC 560135 and IC 268238 contrasting lentil lines may be useful for mapping population development, mapping and tagging of gene(s), QTLs for PUE in lentil. These efficient P crops also ensure food and nutritional security, in addition to reducing the cost of cultivation.

Dwarfing genes, water-use efficiency and agronomic performance of spring wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ehdaie ◽  
J. G. Waines
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Dwarfing Genes ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Use Efficiency

The Rht1 and Rht2 dwarfing genes have been used extensively to reduce height in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The Rht3 gene is also a potent dwarfing gene. Information in the literature is limited or conflicting as to the comparative effects of these genes on water-use efficiency (WUE) and agronomic performance under different environments. Four near-isogenic lines, rhtrht, Rht1Rht1, Rht2Rht2, and Rht3Rht3 in Maringa and three, rhtrht, Rht2Rht2, and Rht3Rht3 in Nainan 60 bread wheat backgrounds were used to determine the effects of dwarfing genes on plant height, total dry matter (TDM) and its components, evapotranspiration efficiency (ETE, TDM/water evapotranspired), WUE (grain yield/water evapotranspired), and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) in well-watered and droughted pot experiments in the glasshouse. The near-isogenic lines were also grown in well-watered and droughted field experiments. The dwarfing genes consistently reduced plant height and kernel weight in Maringa and Nainari 60 backgrounds under all environmental conditions. The dwarfing genes significantly increased number of spikes per plant in Nainari 60 background in the glasshouse and number of grains per plant in Maringa background under field conditions. In most cases, TDM or shoot dry matter (SDM) in short isogenic lines was significantly reduced. The reduction in grain yield was less than that of TDM or SDM. Therefore, harvest index was greater in short isogenic lines than their respective tall standard counterparts. The effects of the dwarfing genes on root dry matter were relatively small. The dwarfing genes, on average, depressed ETE by 21% and WUE by 15% only in Maringa background. Plant height was positively correlated with TDM and ETE but negatively so with Δ in glasshouse experiments. Grain yield and TDM were positively correlated with ETE. Δ was negatively associated with ETE, TDM, SDM, and grain yield under glasshouse conditions. Key words: Spring wheat, dwarfing genes, near-isogenic lines, water-use efficiency, carbon isotope discrimination

scholarly journals Use of the imazapic herbicide applied alone or tank mix with imazapyr as growth regulator of lawns

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37043
Author(s):  
Ricardo Fagundes Marques ◽  
Sidnei Roberto de Marchi ◽  
Dagoberto Martins
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Stenotaphrum Secundatum ◽  
Physiological Aspect

Successive mowing are the major maintenance costs of lawns. Thus, both the expenditure with mowing and the visual and physiological aspect of the lawn have led to the search for alternatives to mechanical management. Thus, this work aimed to study the effects of different rates of imazapic herbicide applied alone or combined with imazapyr as a growth regulator of Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) and St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum). The experimental design was a randomized block with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of six rates of imazapic herbicide (35; 70; 105; 140; 175 and 210 g a.i. ha-1) for both species, three rates of imazapic + imazapyr in tank mix (15.57 + 5.25; 23.625 + 7.875; 32.5 + 10.5 g a.i. ha-1) for Bahiagrass and four rates of imazapic + imazapyr mixture (7.875 + 2.625; 15.57 + 5.25; 23.625 + 7.875; 32.5 + 10.5 g a.i. ha-1) for St. Augustine grass. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by observing visible injury symptoms, canopy height, height and number of inflorescences and total dry matter of clippings.  Applications of imazapic alone or combined with imazapyr were effective in reducing plant height, number and height of inflorescences and total amount of dry matter of clippings produced by Bahiagrass plants. Imazapic provided satisfactory control of St. Augustine growth, but its utilization caused an increase in the number of inflorescences present in the lawns.

scholarly journals Phosphorus use efficiency and critical P content of stevia grown in acid and non-calcareous soils of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Maniruzzaman ◽  
Tanzin Chowdhury ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Md Akhter Hossain Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Phosphorus Use Efficiency ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
P Use Efficiency ◽  
P Content ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Application

Knowledge of phosphorus (P) uptake and its use efficiency by crop plants is essential for adequate management of the plant nutrients to sustain food production with a minimal environmental impact. To study the effects of P on the growth, leaf biomass production, P content and uptake and to estimate P use efficiency (PUE), minimum P requirement and critical leaf P content of stevia, a pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications in acid and non-calcareous soils of Bangladesh. The applied treatments was six viz. 0 (P0), 25 (P25), 50 (P50), 75 (P75), 100 (P100) and 150 (P150) kg P ha-1. Plant samples were collected at 15 days interval to obtain different parameters. Collective results indicated that significantly highest values of different parameters were obtained with P @ 100 kg ha-1 and the lowest from P control. Phosphorus application increased leaf dry yield at harvest by 55 to 510% in acid soil and 70 to 488% in non-calcareous soil over control. The rapid growth of the plant was recorded at the later stages (30 to 60 days after planting). Phosphorus content and uptake was directly proportional with the increased levels of P except the treatment P150 in both soils. Maximum PUE and fertilizer P use efficiency (FPUE) was observed at P100 treatment. Critical P content was estimated to be ca 0.19 and 0.30% in the leaves of stevia plants grown in acid and non-calcareous soils, respectively. For maximum leaf biomass production of stevia grown in acid and non-calcareous soils, the minimum requirement of P was also estimated to be ca 109 and 104 kg ha-1, respectively. The information of this finding would contribute to optimize the soil P use and improve fertilizer management for stevia cultivation.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 55-68, August 2017

scholarly journals LIXIVIAÇÃO DO HERBICIDA ACETOCLOR EM SOLO SUBMETIDO À SEMEADURA DIRETA E AO PREPARO CONVENCIONAL

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL VICENTE WEISS FERRI ◽  
RIBAS ANTONIO VIDAL ◽  
NILSON GILBERTO FLECK ◽  
ELEMAR ANTONINO CASSOL ◽  
PAULO ALEXSANDRO GOMES
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Indicator Plant ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Soil Preparation

Avaliou-se a lixiviação do herbicida Acetoclor (na dose de 3360 g ha-1) em Argissolo Vermelho distrófico típico, submetido à semeadura direta e ao preparo convencional. Adotou-se delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Nas parcelas principais encontravam-se os tipos de preparo do solo (semeadura direta e convencional), nas subparcelas as épocas de avaliação (1, 7 e 21 dias após aplicação do herbicida) e nas subsubparcelas as profundidades de coleta (1-4, 6- 9, 11-14 e 16-19 cm). A lixiviação do herbicida Acetoclor foi avaliada mediante bioensaio, utilizando o trigo como planta indicadora (altura e matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas). Não houve diferença na lixiviação do Acetoclor entre a semeadura direta e o preparo convencional nas avaliações do primeiro ao sétimo dias após a aplicação (DAT). A concentração do herbicida Acetoclor foi maior na profundidade de 16-19 cm em semeadura direta aos 21 DAT, sugerindo maior lixiviação do Acetoclor nesse sistema de preparo de solo no decorrer do tempo. LEACHING OF ACETOCHLOR HERBICIDE IN SOIL SUBMITTED TO DIRECT TILLAGE AND CONVENTIONAL PREPARATION Abstract The Acetochlor herbicide leaching (in dose of 3360 g ha-1) in a Typical Paleudult soil submitted to direct tillage and to conventional preparation was evaluated. The experimental design of casualized blocks with three replications was adopted. In the main portions the soil preparation types were found (direct and conventional tillage), in the sub-portions the evaluation periods (1, 7 and 21 days after herbicide application), and in the sub-portions the samplings depth (1-4, 6- 9, 11-14 and 16-19 cm). The Acetochlor leaching was evaluated through a bioassay by utilizing wheat as indicator plant (height and dry-matter of plant aerial parts). It wasn’t found difference in Acetochlor leaching between direct tillage and conventional preparation in the evaluations of the first to the seventh days after application (DAA). The Acetochlor concentration was higher in the depth of 16-19 cm in direct tillage in 21DAA, suggesting greatest leaching of Acetochlor in this system of soil preparation with the elapse of time.

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