scholarly journals Study on Water and Greenery Networks in the “Green Master Plan and Master Plan for Parks and Open Spaces” of Kobe City

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (0) ◽  
pp. 203-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suil Park ◽  
Shigeaki Takeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Kaga ◽  
Noboru Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Master Plan ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Kobe City

scholarly journals Contribution of planed urban green spaces for promoting human health. Case of Chandigarh, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Goel Tripathi ◽  
◽  
Mahavir Mahavir ◽  
Prabh Bedi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Healthy City ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The Social

Goal 11 of the Sustainable Development Goals has the seventh target of its Sustainable Cities and Communities focused on providing access to safe and inclusive green and public spaces. Principles of sustainable development necessitate that a balance is struck between environment and development to ensure healthy urban living. It has long been established that the presence of natural areas and planned open green spaces in and around urban settlements contributes to a quality of life by providing important ecological, social and psychological benefits to humans. In India, rapid urbanisation is resulting in significant land being used for developmental activities resulting in decline in open spaces across cities. It needs to be noted, the case in Chandigarh, India is different from rest of the country, where open spaces are considered as inviolable land use. Being a rare exception amongst the cities established immediately after India’s Independence, urban greens were visualized and planned as an integral component in the city’s Master Plan. Le Corbusier conceived the master plan of Chandigarh as analogous to human body, where green spaces symbolized the lungs. The greens in Chandigarh were created as functional, organized and natural spaces for integration and convergence of mind and body, that is the city as well as of its population. The research delves into the aspect of inclusivity of its various green spaces based on the social survey of the city’s residents. The intent is to determine the usability and accessibility of the greens by the residents for various recreational, cultural and ecosystem services. The measures of inclusivity of the green spaces are defined to address the key question being researched upon, that is if green spaces have contributed to Chandigarh being a healthy city. Built upon the social survey tools, the authors discern the typologies of green spaces as the measure for building a healthy city contextualized for Chandigarh.

The ‘Closed/Open’ Duality in Contemporary Urban Form

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Melinda Benko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
New Type ◽  
The City ◽  
Time Density ◽  
System Today

One of the innumerable ways to systemise contemporary European urban projects is to analyse the urban form originates from the master-plan concept. The duality of closed and open urban situations is an excellent conceptual tool for classification. This classification helps us to recognise, understand and represent the diversity of the city, as it is present on each level of a settlement and architecture. In the case of “Solid-oriented” projects construction and emplacement of buildings are the main goals. The principle of “Solid-oriented” projects are based on two very different, still existing traditions One is the classical European closed block structure, while the other one is the Modernist open urban system. Today we can identify two new approaches combining those two traditions in different ways. Urban transparency preserves streets, the effect of enclosure, and the dominance of buildings. At the same time density is coupled with spaciousness, blocks are fractured and the environment becomes more complex even within one block. The in-between method, based on the idea of structuralism, attempts to balance the importance of mass and space and creates permeable blocks in a new open urban structure. Besides creating urban volumes or buildings in the city, there is a new type of challenge in contemporary urban design. Since the 1990's attention has shifted to cityscape, i.e. to re-interpreting and reforming open spaces. The international literature calls this un-volumetric architecture. The duality of openness and closedness also appears here. While openness seems to dominate urban situations in contemporary cities, buildings are predominantly used in a closed manner.

The Agricultural Reserve

Suburb ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The U.S

This chapter examines the strategy and tactics of planning politics in the creation of Montgomery County's Agricultural Reserve and in protecting it from fragmentation by exurban subdivisions and other incompatible uses. It begins with an overview of the General Plan's recommendation to organize development in corridors separated by wedges of rural landscape, open spaces, and low-density suburbs. This is followed by a discussion of the proposed Dickerson wastewater treatment plant and force main that were rejected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1977. The chapter also considers the Functional Master Plan for the preservation of farmland, along with the successes and problems of the Agricultural Reserve. Finally, it highlights lessons that can be drawn from the Agricultural Reserve project.

scholarly journals Dinámicas de ocupación urbana del anillo verde metropolitano de Madrid = Urban occupation dynamics of Madrid´s Metropolitan Greenbelt

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Functional Specialization ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Original Plan ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Public Area ◽  
Natural Characteristics

RESUMEN:El Anillo Verde metropolitano, definido por el Plan General de Ordenación del Área Metropolitana de Madrid en 1963 siguiendo los modelos planteados por la cultura urbanística internacional, como armadura de la estructura urbana del AMM, espacio protagonista dentro del sistema de espacios libres, lugar de uso público destinado al recreo y contacto con la naturaleza de la población madrileña, se convierte en realidad en una reserva de suelo que va entrando en juego motivado por las alianzas entre el poder institucional y la clase social dominante actuando al margen del planeamiento, poniendo en evidencia la escasez de recursos legales y culturales disponibles para la salvaguarda de los intereses comunes y, donde los condicionantes geográficos y naturales del territorio madrileño han influido decisivamente en la especialización funcional y espacial del Área Metropolitana de Madrid. ABSTRACT:The Metropolitan Greenbelt was defined by the 1963 Master Plan for the Madrid Metropolitan Area (MMA), following established international models of urban development, as the structural framework of the MMA, the principal open space within its network of open spaces and a public area of recreation and contact with nature for the residents of Madrid. However, it had become a reserve of land in which various alliances between the institutional authorities and the dominant social class, have been operating on the margin of the original plan, exposing a scarcity of legal and cultural resources for the safeguarding of common interests, and in which the geographical and natural characteristics of the territory itself have come to play an influential role in the functional specialization and spatial segregation of the MMA.

The Place of Traditional Artists in the Preservation of Nigerian Art

2018 ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
Victoria N Osuagwu
Keyword(s):  
Belief Systems ◽  
Sacred Grove ◽  
Art World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
The People ◽  
Traditional Artists ◽  
Global Art ◽  
Source Of Information

Human beings have always left signs of their activities behind them. These signs take both tangible and intangible forms, including buildings, sites, sculptural works, antiquities, rock art paintings, belief systems, and traditions. The people of this millennium have recognized the remains of our fore-bears namely archaeological, architectural monuments, sites, and cultural works as an integral part of the cultural heritage of all humanity. They also recognized the fact that heritage is an invaluable source of information about the lives and activities of human beings and their artistic and technical capabilities over the centuries. The Nigerian Ancient Art Tradition which spans eight thousand years is a product of diverse artists from Dufuna, Nok, Igbo-Ukwu, Ife, Owo, Benin, Tada, etc. Also remarkable are the sculptural works created by late Susanne Wenger (an Austrian) and her New Sacred Art Movement in Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, which gave meaning to open spaces within the grove. This paper examines the role played by these artworks to project Nigeria to the global art world. The benefits to Nigeria and the global art traditions and recommendations on how to revive this dwindling economic resource will also be examined. The approach used was to study the artworks produced by some of these artists. Some of the findings were that the works were carefully done with suitable materials that have withstood climate change.

Milestone solution for snow removal problem in Moscow

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Snow Removal ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Deicing Agents

The main principle of the strategy for the complex improvement of the functioning of northern cities in winter, including their infrastructure development, is a comprehensive solution of the problem of industrial-scale snow-mass collection, removal and utilization at different areas of urban roadway networks. For its implementation in the capital of Russia, “MosvodokanalNIIproject” JSC developed in 2002 the Snow Removal Master Plan for the city of Moscow. The meteorological conditions in the city, which have changed considerably in the recent years, including the changes in the snow-cover depth and in the road-surface areas to be cleaned, as well as emerging of new technologies for the cleaning of urban streets, yards and sidewalks and some new types of deicing agents, resulted in the necessity to update the above-mentioned Snow Removal Master Plan developed for the city of Moscow. Efficient application of deicing agents is of special importance for its updating in the context of the environmental safety of the city in a winter period. The article considers the results of the implementation of the updated Snow Removal Master Plan and contains some proposals concerning snow removal under the conditions of extreme snowfalls.

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