scholarly journals Treatment of patients with acute and subacute dorsalgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. N. Gerasimova ◽  
V. A. Parfenov ◽  
E. Yu. Kalimeeva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Manual Therapy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale Pain ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Personalized Approach

Objective: to investigate the efficiency of treatment for acute and subacute dorsalgia, by providing information to patients and by using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) without conducting physical therapy, reflexotherapy, and manual therapy. Patients and methods. A total of 140 patients (87 women and 53 men; mean age 50.7±17.6 years) with acute and subacute back pain were followed up. Out of them 127 (91%) patients were found to have nonspecific (musculoskeletal) pain; 13 (9%) had discogenic radiculopathy. All the patients were informed of the benign nature of the disease, the high probability of its rapid resolution, the feasibility of abandoning prolonged bedrest, and the lack of need for physical therapy, reflexotherapy, massage, and manual therapy. To reduce pain, the patients received meloxicam 15 mg/day orally or intramuscularly or first 15 mg/day intramuscularly and then orally. The investigators assessed pain intensity with the numerical rating scale and functional activity restrictions with the Roland-Morris disability (RMD) questionnaire. Results. After treatment, the visual analogue scale pain intensity scores decreased from an average of 6.4 to 1.0; the RMD scores dropped from 6.8 to 1.4 (p<0.001). The duration of treatment averaged 11.0±4.4 days. Comparison of different meloxicam dosage regimens showed no significant differences; a positive result was noted in all cases. No adverse events were observed during treatment. Conclusion. The investigation has shown the high efficiency of management in patients with acute and subacute dorsalgia, by providing information to patients (an education conversation), by using meloxicam, and by applying a personalized approach (treatment for concomitant diseases and conditions). Refusing physiotherapy, massage, acupuncture, and manual therapy substantially reduces the cost of treatment in patients with acute dorsalgia.

scholarly journals Pain Relief Scale Is More Highly Correlated with Numerical Rating Scale than with Visual Analogue Scale in Chronic Pain Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2;18 (2;3) ◽  
pp. E195-E200
Author(s):  
Sang Sik Choi
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale Pain ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Key Words Pain ◽  
Numerical Rating

The pain relief scale (PRS) is a method that measures the magnitude of change in pain intensity after treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between PRS and changes in pain determined by the visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS), to confirm the evidence supporting the use of PRS. Sixty patients with chronic spinal pain that had a VAS and NRS recorded during an initial examination were enrolled in the study. One week later, the patients received an epidural nerve block, then VAS, NRS, and PRS assessments were performed. Differences between VAS and NRS were compared to the PRS and scatter plots and correlation coefficient were generated. The differences and magnitude of decrease in the VAS and NRS raw data were converted to percentile values, and compared to the PRS. Both VAS and NRS values exhibited strong correlations (> 0.8) with PRS. Further, the differences between the VAS-PRS R (0.859) and NRS-PRS R (0.915) were statistically significant, (P = 0.0259). Compared to PRS, the VAS and NRS percentile scores exhibited higher correlation coefficients than scores based on the raw data differences. Furthermore, even when converted to a percentile, the NRS%-PRS R (0.968) was higher than the VAS%-PRS R (0.904), P = 0.0001. The results indicated that using the PRS together with NRS in pain assessment increased the objectivity of the assessment compared to using only VAS or NRS, and may have offset the limitations of VAS or NRS alone. Key words: Pain relief scale, numerical rating scale, visual analogue scale, pain measurement, pain intensity measurement, pain intensity scale

Long-term efficacy and safety of duloxetine in the management of painful chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 236-236
Author(s):  
Sang Mi Ro ◽  
In Sook Woo
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Vinca Alkaloid ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Numerical Rating

236 Background: Accordingly, Quality of life in the survivorship of patients with cancer is becoming one of the important issues with a development of systemic anticancer treatment. About 40% of the patients who receive chemotherapeutic agents which have neuropathic potential suffer from painful CIPN. Various approaches to relieve the pain associated with CIPN have been attempted in clinical practice. Previously duloxetine, a dual reuptake inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine, has been reported to reduce painful CIPN when administered for 5 weeks. We retrospectively investigated the effect of duloxetine on the pain associated with CIPN over a prolonged period of administration. Methods: Between December 2014 and December 2016, patients with advanced cancer who complained of CIPN during or after systemic chemotherapy were eligible. Initially, 30 mg of duloxetine was administered daily for the first week and 60 mg daily was administered from the second week thereafter. The severity of pain was evaluated using a numerical rating scale from 0 to 10. Study follow-up was performed at regular visits according to the chemotherapy schedule or at the time of evaluation of disease status in the patients who completed systemic chemotherapy. However, the patients were allowed to visit whenever needed. Results: Twenty-seven patients were evaluable, the median age was 64 years (range, 23-83 years), and 11 patients were male and 16 patients were female. Twenty-four of the 27 patients received neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, taxane and vinca alkaloid. Patients receiving duloxetine showed a significant reduction in the pain intensity from baseline and the mean decrease in the average pain score was 2.85 (95% CI 2.26-3.44, P < 0.001). Twenty-five (92.5%) of the 27 patients showed decreased pain after the use of duloxetine. Mean duration of treatment was 29 weeks (range, 1~130 weeks). Median duration of response was 19 weeks (range, 4~99 weeks). Treatment-related adverse events were nausea (17.2%), vomiting (3.4%) and dizziness (6.8%). Conclusions: Duloxetine demonstrated a durable efficacy and tolerability for painful CIPN in patients with advanced cancer.

scholarly journals Effect of warm footbath with vibration on arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Zahra Abbas Ali Madadi ◽  
Jalil Azimian ◽  
Farzaneh Falahatpishe ◽  
Mahmoud Alipour Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Rating Scale Data ◽  
Frequent Hemodialysis

Background: Pain and stress of hemodialysis are experienced by more than 50% of patients who are suffering from renal disease; hence decreasing a part of these adverse effects can be effective on individual’s long term coping with hemodialysis. The current study was done to determine the effect of warm footbath with vibration on arteriovenous fistula puncture-related pain in hemodialysis patients.Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 31 hemodialysis patients in 2014. The patients were selected by simple random sampling method and placed in one group. First, the pain intensity of all patients was measured in the six frequent hemodialysis sessions without any intervention (control method). After two weeks, the intervention of warm footbath with vibration was done on all patients and the pain intensity was measured for six frequent hemodialysis sessions (intervention method). The patients were received 40±2 °C footbath with vibration by foot massage spa machine for ten minutes; then, fistula needles were placed and the pain intensity was assessed by using a numerical rating scale. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and T test.Results: The study group had contained 20 males (64.5%), 11 females (35.5%), with an average age of 44.16±14.85 and a range of 18 to 65 years old, which shows that the pain intensity of the warm footbath with vibration method was lower than the control method (P< 0.05).Conclusions: Warm footbath with vibration can be used as an effective palliative method to reduce pain of hemodialysis patients.

What is the clinical relevance of the Numerical rating scale for pain?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Cox
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Patient Global Impression ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Global Impression Of Change

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Clinical importance of changes in chronic pain intensity measured on an 11-point numerical pain rating scale’, published by Farrar et al. in 2001. The numerical rating scale is now the standard instrument used in chronic pain studies to measure pain intensity. Farrar et al. determined the changes in pain intensity that were clinically significant for studies of chronic pain while measuring the patient’s global impression of change. The paper used pooled data from ten recent studies of pregabalin in 2,724 subjects. The authors reported a consistent relationship between pain intensity and patient global impression of change, regardless of study, disease type, age, sex, study result, or treatment group. A reduction of approximately two points on the numerical rating scale, or of 30% in the global impression of change of pain intensity, represented a clinically important difference.

scholarly journals Jaw Exercise Therapy and Psychoeducation to Reduce Oral Parafunctional Activities for the Management of Persistent Dentoalveolar Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Izumi Makino ◽  
Young-Chang Arai ◽  
Shuichi Aono ◽  
Masayuki Inoue ◽  
Hiroki Sakurai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Therapy Treatment ◽  
Nonpharmacological Treatments

Objective. To retrospectively analyze the effects of our original combination therapy treatment on patients with nonodontogenic persistent dentoalveolar pain. Methods. Twenty-one patients suffering from persistent dentoalveolar pain (nineteen females and two males; mean age ± standard deviation: 55.7 ± 19.6 years) participated in this study. They were treated with a therapy combination of jaw exercise and psychoeducation to reduce oral parafunctional activities every month. The intensity of pain in these subjects was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) before and after treatment. Results. The NRSs at the baseline ranged from 5 to 10 (median, 8), from 0 to 10 (median, 2) at one month after treatment, from 0 to 10 (median, 1) at three months after treatment, and from 0 to 10 (median, 0) at the end of treatment. Pain intensity after treatment improved significantly. Conclusion. There was a significant reduction in pain after our combination of therapies as nonpharmacological treatments, and therefore this treatment could be useful in the management of NPDP patients.

Agreement Between Verbal and Electronic Versions of the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS-11) when Used to Assess Pain Intensity in Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Castarlenas ◽  
Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Rocío de la Vega ◽  
Roman Roset ◽  
Jordi Miró
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating

On the electronic measurement of pain intensity: Can we use different pain intensity scales interchangeably?

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1658-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Elena Castarlenas ◽  
Rocío de la Vega ◽  
Roman Roset ◽  
Jordi Miró
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Electronic Measurement

The objective of this work was to study the agreement between four pain intensity scales when administered electronically: the Numerical Rating Scale-11, the Faces Pain Scale-Revised, the Visual Analogue Scale and the Coloured Analogue Scale. In all, 180 schoolchildren between 12 and 19 years old participated in the study. They had to report the maximum intensity of their most frequent pain using the electronic versions of the four scales. Agreement was calculated using the Bland–Altman method. Results show that the electronic versions of Numerical Rating Scale-11, Coloured Analogue Scale and Visual Analogue Scale can be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Effect of Premedication with Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Post-Endodontic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Camargo Amaral Jorge-Araújo ◽  
Marcelo Carlos Bortoluzzi ◽  
Flares Baratto-Filho ◽  
Fábio André Santos ◽  
Márcia Thaís Pochapski
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Rescue Medication ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract In spite of advances in root canal therapy and better knowledge of pulpal and periapical inflammation, up 40% of endodontic patients report varying degrees of pain. The aim of this present study was to compare the effect of single preoperative dose of ibuprofen or dexamethasone on post-endodontic pain. Sixty volunteers were divided into three groups (n=20 per group): PL, placebo; IB, 400 mg of ibuprofen; and DE, 8 mg of dexamethasone. The primary outcome was the post-endodontic pain intensity measured with a numerical rating scale (4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h). Secondary outcomes included number of anesthetic cartridges used and consumption of rescue medication. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests. There was no significant difference among groups (p>0.05) considering the pain intensity. Only 37% of IB group patients and 28% of DE group patients used some rescue medication. On the other hand, 74% of PL group patients mentioned the consumption of rescue medication; PL group had a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in comparison with IB and DE groups. The number of anesthetic cartridges used had no statistically significant difference among the groups (p>0.05). Significant differences were not found in the reduction of pain intensity and the number of anesthetic cartridges used. Considering the consumption of rescue medication (secondary outcome), preoperative administration of Ibuprofen or dexamethasone reduces post-endodontic pain and discomfort in comparison with a placebo. Premedication with anti-inflammatory drugs drugs could be contributed to control of the post-endodontic pain, mainly in patients more sensible for pain.

scholarly journals Measuring Pain Intensity in Elderly Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Sasikaan Nimmaanrat
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Pain Measurement ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Numerical Rating

Pain intensity is considered as the fifth vital sign. However, it is the only vital sign which is subjective, with there being many pain measurement tools for adults to rate their level of pain. Additionally, there is an increasing number of aging populations throughout the world, and pain measurement in this group of people is challenging as geriatrics have both physical and cognitive impairment. The most frequently utilized pain measurement tools are; the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS); and faces scales [Faces Pain Scale (FPS) and Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) are the faces scales studied most often] tend to be valid for measuring pain severity in cognitively intact elderly. When problems arise, the VAS is the pain measurement tool found to have more difficulties (including higher rates of failure) than the other tools. In elderly with cognitive deficits, fewer difficulties tend to occur as the tools become simpler, with the most valid and useful tools in the following order: the FPS/FPS-R, the VRS, the 0-10 NRS, and the VAS. Furthermore, simpler pain measurement tools tend to be favored over more complicated tools. Keywords: aging; elderly; geriatrics; older; pain measurement; pain measurement tools

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