scholarly journals Distributed fuzzy logic based cluster head election scheme (DFLCHES) for prolonging the lifetime of the wireless sensor network

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.5) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
S. Ramakrishnan ◽  
S. Prayla Shyry
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Cluster Head Election ◽  
Wide Range

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is considered as the predominant technology due to their high suitability and adaptability that makes it possible to be deployed in wide range of applications like civil and military domain. But energy-constraint is the significant feature that needs to be addressed for sensor networks since energy drain of sensor nodes affects network lifetime, stability and co-operation of sensor nodes in the event of enforce reliable data dissemination. Cluster head election has to been performed periodically in order to handle energy balance for facilitating reliable packet delivery. Most of the cluster head election schemes of the literature elect a node as cluster head either randomly or by elucidating their stochastic probabilities. Hence a Distributed Fuzzy Logic based Cluster Head Election Scheme (DFLCHES) that discriminates and discards packets from the sensor nodes that has the least probability of being elected as cluster head is proposed. DFLCHES utilizes five significant parameters such as trust, energy, node density, hop count and centrality measure for quantifying the probability of cluster head election. This DFLCHES is run on each neighbor nodes of the cluster members to facilitate the action of discrimination. DFLCHES also balances the energy consumption of the cluster members during transmission as it discards packets from ineligible nodes. Further the action of cluster head election has to be optimized periodically for reducing and balancing energy consumption for prolonging the network lifetime. In DFLCHES, the process of optimizing cluster head depends on the incorporation of the concept of Genetic algorithms for enabling and ensuring reliable routing.

scholarly journals An Intelligent Vice Cluster Head Election Protocol in WSN

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-222
Author(s):  
Ghassan Samara ◽  
Mohammad Hassan ◽  
Yahya Zayed
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Algorithm ◽  
Wide Range

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has a practical ability to link a set of sensors to build a wireless network that can be accessed remotely; this technology has become increasingly popular in recent years. Wi-Fi-enabled sensor networks (WSNs) are used to gather information from the environment in which the network operates. Many obstacles prevent wireless sensor networks from being used in a wide range of fields. This includes maintaining network stability and extending network life. In a wireless network, sensors are the most essential component. Sensors are powered by a battery that has a finite amount of power. The battery is prone to power loss, and the sensor is therefore rendered inoperative as a result. In addition, the growing number of sensor nodes off-site affects the network's stability. The transmission and reception of information between the sensors and the base consumes the most energy in the sensor. An Intelligent Vice Cluster Head Selection Protocol is proposed in this study (IVC LEACH). In order to achieve the best performance with the least amount of energy consumption, the proposed hierarchical protocol relies on a fuzzy logic algorithm using four parameters to calculate the value of each node in the network and divides them into three hierarchical levels based on their value. This improves network efficiency and reliability while extending network life by 50 percent more than the original Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Sensors, Communication Protocol, Fuzzy logic, Leach protocol.

scholarly journals Efficient organization of nodes in wireless sensor networks (clustering location-based LEACH)

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Mohammed Réda El Ouadi ◽  
Abderrahim Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Main Element

The rapid development of connected devices and wireless communication has enabled several researchers to study wireless sensor networks and propose methods and algorithms to improve their performance. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of several sensor nodes deployed to collect and transfer data to base station (BS). Sensor node is considered as the main element in this field, characterized by minimal capacities of storage, energy, and computing. In consequence of the important impact of the energy on network lifetime, several researches are interested to propose different mechanisms to minimize energy consumption. In this work, we propose a new enhancement of low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, named clustering location-based LEACH (CLOC-LEACH), which represents a continuity of our previous published work location-based LEACH (LOC-LEACH). The proposed protocol organizes sensor nodes into four regions, using clustering mechanism. In addition, an efficient concept is adopted to choose cluster head. CLOC-LEACH considers the energy as the principal metric to choose cluster heads and uses a gateway node to ensure the inter-cluster communication. The simulation with MATLAB shows that our contribution offers better performance than LEACH and LOC-LEACH, in terms of stability, energy consumption and network lifetime.

Routing Algorithm based on Clustering for Increasing the Lifetime of Sensor Networks by Using Meta-Heuristic Bee Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sedighimanesh ◽  
Hesam Zand Hesami ◽  
Ali Sedighimanesh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

Background: Nowadays, the use of wireless sensor networks is developing rapidly. these networks are applicable in many fields, including military, medical, and environment. these networks use hundreds or thousands of cheap sensor nodes with low power-low and low energy to perform large tasks. These networks have limitations that can lead to inefficiency or not cost - effective. Among these limitations, consumption of energy and issues related to the lifetime of the network. One of the solutions that can assist the load balancing between sensor nodes, increased scalability, improving energy consumption and consequently, increasing network lifetime, clustering of sensor nodes and placing a suitable cluster head in all clusters. Choosing the right cluster head, significantly reduces energy consumption in the network and increases network lifetime. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to increase network lifetime by using the efficient clustering algorithm, which is used in Meta-heuristic bee colony to select the cluster head. Simulation of this paper is performed by MATLB software and the proposed method is compared with LEACH and GACR approaches. Conclusion: The simulation findings in this study show that the intended study has remarkably increased the length of the network lifetime by LEACH and GACR algorithms. Due to the limitation of energy in the wireless sensor network such solutions and using Meta-heuristic algorithms can give rise a remarkable increasing in network lifetime.

Optimized Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks Through Metaheuristic Firefly Based Cluster Head Selection Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Chintam ◽  
Madhusudhana Rao T.v ◽  
Rajendra Kumar G
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Fitness Value

Abstract A wireless sensor network is a type of wireless ad-hoc networks, which is a collection of individual sensor nodes that are battery-operated devices and connected through ad-hoc and self-configuring connectivity. Therefore, the energy-saving of sensor node is a challenging design issue. Hence, the lifetime of a node is decreased. To enhance the network lifetime and optimal energy consumption, clustering is one of the best methods in WSN. While message transmission there is more distance between the cluster head and base station then more energy drained by the cluster head compare to the remaining sensor nodes in a particular cluster and if the energy consumption is more then automatically the network lifetime decreased. Therefore, this paper proposed an optimal metaheuristic firefly based cluster head selection protocol (FCH) by finding fitness value for selecting the best cluster head. This best-elected cluster head drains less energy as well as increase the network lifetime. In addition to the proposed FCH compared with two basic sensor networks algorithms low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and Data transmission (DT). The FCH algorithm achieved better results than compared algorithms in terms of dead nodes, remaining energy, and alive nodes of the network.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption Based Low Energy Aware Gateway (LEAG) Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5S3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of a large amount of nodes connected in a self-directed manner. The most important problems in WSN are Energy, Routing, Security, etc., price of the sensor nodes and renovation of these networks is reasonable. The sensor node tools included a radio transceiver with an antenna and an energy source, usually a battery. WSN compute the environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, etc., WSN built the network with the help of nodes. A sensor community consists of many detection stations known as sensor nodes, every of which is small, light-weight and portable. Nodes are linked separately. Each node is linked into the sensors. In recent years WSN has grow to be an essential function in real world. The data’s are sent from end to end multiple nodes and gateways, the data’s are connected to other networks such as wireless Ethernet. MGEAR is the existing mechanism. It works with the routing and energy consumption. The principal problem of this work is choosing cluster head, and the selection is based on base station, so the manner is consumes energy. In this paper, develop the novel based hybrid protocol Low Energy Aware Gateway (LEAG). We used Zigbee techniques to reduce energy consumption and routing. Gateway is used to minimize the energy consumption and data is send to the base station. Nodes are used to transmit the data into the cluster head, it transmit the data into gateway and gateway compress and aggregate the data then sent to the base station. Simulation result shows our proposed mechanism consumes less energy, increased throughput, packet delivery ration and secure routing when compared to existing mechanism (MGEAR).

scholarly journals A PSO-Based Uneven Dynamic Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruan ◽  
Huang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Clustering ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

Since wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are powered by energy-constrained batteries, many energy-efficient routing protocols have been proposed to extend the network lifetime. However, most of the protocols do not well balance the energy consumption of the WSNs. The hotspot problem caused by unbalanced energy consumption in the WSNs reduces the network lifetime. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)-based uneven dynamic clustering multi-hop routing protocol (PUDCRP). In the PUDCRP protocol, the distribution of the clusters will change dynamically when some nodes fail. The PSO algorithm is used to determine the area where the candidate CH (cluster head) nodes are located. The adaptive clustering method based on node distribution makes the cluster distribution more reasonable, which balances the energy consumption of the network more effectively. In order to improve the energy efficiency of multi-hop transmission between the BS (Base Station) and CH nodes, we also propose a connecting line aided route construction method to determine the most appropriate next hop. Compared with UCCGRA, multi-hop EEBCDA, EEMRP, CAMP, PSO-ECHS and PSO-SD, PUDCRP prolongs the network lifetime by between 7.36% and 74.21%. The protocol significantly balances the energy consumption of the network and has better scalability for various sizes of network.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Baniata ◽  
Jiman Hong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

The recent advances in sensing and communication technologies such as wireless sensor networks (WSN) have enabled low-priced distributed monitoring systems that are the foundation of smart cities. These advances are also helping to monitor smart cities and making our living environments workable. However, sensor nodes are constrained in energy supply if they have no constant power supply. Moreover, communication links can be easily failed because of unequal node energy depletion. The energy constraints and link failures affect the performance and quality of the sensor network. Therefore, designing a routing protocol that minimizes energy consumption and maximizes the network lifetime should be considered in the design of the routing protocol for WSN. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering (EEUCLC) protocol which has a suboptimal multihop routing algorithm to reduce the burden on the cluster head and a probability-based cluster head selection algorithm to prolong the network lifetime. Simulation results show that the EEUCLC mechanism enhanced the energy balance and prolonged the network lifetime compared to other related protocols.

An Energy Aware Routing Based on Swarm Intelligence for Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 635-638
Author(s):  
Yong Lv
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing

Wireless Sensor Networks consisting of nodes with limited power are deployed to collect and distribute useful information from the field to the other sensor nodes. Energy consumption is a key issue in the sensor’s communications since many use battery power, which is limited. In this paper, we describe a novel energy efficient routing approach which combines swarm intelligence, especially the ant colony based meta-heuristic, with a novel variation of reinforcement learning for sensor networks (ARNet). The main goal of our study was to maintain network lifetime at a maximum, while discovering the shortest paths from the source nodes to the sink node using an improved swarm intelligence. ARNet balances the energy consumption of nodes in the network and extends the network lifetime. Simulation results show that compared with the traditional EEABR algorithm can obviously improve adaptability and reduce the average energy consumption effectively.

scholarly journals An Energy-Aware Method for Selecting Cluster Heads in Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7886
Author(s):  
Atefeh Rahiminasab ◽  
Peyman Tirandazi ◽  
M. J. Ebadi ◽  
Ali Ahmadian ◽  
Mehdi Salimi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Clustering ◽  
Clustering Protocol

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) include several sensor nodes that have limited capabilities. The most critical restriction in WSNs is energy resources. Moreover, since each sensor node’s energy resources cannot be recharged or replaced, it is inevitable to propose various methods for managing the energy resources. Furthermore, this procedure increases the network lifetime. In wireless sensor networks, the cluster head has a significant impact on system global scalability, energy efficiency, and lifetime. Furthermore, the cluster head is most important in combining, aggregating, and transferring data that are received from other cluster nodes. One of the substantial challenges in a cluster-based network is to choose a suitable cluster head. In this paper, to select an appropriate cluster head, we first model this problem by using multi-factor decision-making according to the four factors, including energy, mobility, distance to centre, and the length of data queues. Then, we use the Cluster Splitting Process (CSP) algorithm and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in order to provide a new method to solve this problem. These four factors are examined in our proposed approach, and our method is compared with the Base station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol (BCDCP) algorithm. The simulation results show the proposed method in improving the network lifetime has better performance than the base station controlled dynamic clustering protocol algorithm. In our proposed method, the energy reduction is almost 5% more than the BCDCP method, and the packet loss rate in our proposed method is almost 25% lower than in the BCDCP method.

scholarly journals Energy Balance Routing Algorithm Based on Virtual MIMO Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianpo Li ◽  
Xue Jiang ◽  
I-Tai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Virtual Mimo ◽  
Head Node

Wireless sensor networks are usually energy limited and therefore an energy-efficient routing algorithm is desired for prolonging the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a new energy balance routing algorithm which has the following three improvements over the conventional LEACH algorithm. Firstly, we propose a new cluster head selection scheme by taking into consideration the remaining energy and the most recent energy consumption of the nodes and the entire network. In this way, the sensor nodes with smaller remaining energy or larger energy consumption will be much less likely to be chosen as cluster heads. Secondly, according to the ratio of remaining energy to distance, cooperative nodes are selected to form virtual MIMO structures. It mitigates the uneven distribution of clusters and the unbalanced energy consumption of the whole network. Thirdly, we construct a comprehensive energy consumption model, which can reflect more realistically the practical energy consumption. Numerical simulations analyze the influences of cooperative node numbers and cluster head node numbers on the network lifetime. It is shown that the energy consumption of the proposed routing algorithm is lower than the conventional LEACH algorithm and for the simulation example the network lifetime is prolonged about 25%.

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