scholarly journals Embracing Pedagogical Pluralism:An Educator's Case for (at Least Public) School Choice

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
David J. Ferrero

Pedagogical and curricular beliefs and commitments are expressions of deeper philosophical and ideological worldviews that empirical research can sometimes modify but not ultimately eliminate. The pluralism these views produce is reasonable in that they all represent plausible interpretations of liberal-republican values and professional standards of practice; they should be granted some room to flourish under a system of carefully regulated autonomy and choice. Three objections to a conception of school choice grounded in a notion of reasonable pluralism among educational doctrines are addressed: 1) that it would undermine educators' efforts to secure status for themselves as professionals by admitting that “best practices” in education offer rough guidance at best; 2) that it would leave parents and students vulnerable to quackery; 3) that it abandons the common school tradition and its aspirations. I conclude with an examination of why the conceptual basis on which a society designs a system of choice makes a difference.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Franki Y. H. Kung ◽  
Henri Carlo Santos

Scholars have often characterized wisdom as a trait—a stable and invariable individual disposition. However, recent advances in behavioral sciences suggest that many features of wisdom can be viewed as situation-specific states—concrete instances of wise and not so wise behavior. We critically examine the evidence concerning the trait vs. state aspects of wisdom. First, we review the common individual qualities attributed to wisdom. The extent to which these qualities are seen as stable traits vs. variable states varies among both laypeople and scientists, and new evidence shows that pertinent folk theories about wisdom vary substantially across cultures as well. Next, we present empirical research on wisdom in everyday situations which demonstrates the systematic variability of wisdom-related characteristics as a function of situational demands and induced mindsets. To resolve the trait vs. state debate in wisdom, we argue for a whole trait theoretical framework, conceptualizing traits as a density distribution of states. Based on theoretical and empirical insights, we conclude by providing recommendations for best practices when measuring trait- and state-components of wisdom.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Nic M. Weststrate ◽  
Monika Ardelt ◽  
Justin Peter Brienza ◽  
Mengxi Dong ◽  
...  

Interest in wisdom in the cognitive sciences, psychology, and education has been paralleled by conceptual confusions about its nature and assessment. To clarify these issues and promote consensus in the field, wisdom researchers met in Toronto in July of 2019, resolving disputes through discussion. Guided by a survey of scientists who study wisdom-related constructs, we established a common wisdom model, observing that empirical approaches to wisdom converge on the morally-grounded application of metacognition to reasoning and problem-solving. After outlining the function of relevant metacognitive and moral processes, we critically evaluate existing empirical approaches to measurement and offer recommendations for best practices. In the subsequent sections, we use the common wisdom model to selectively review evidence about the role of individual differences for development and manifestation of wisdom, approaches to wisdom development and training, as well as cultural, subcultural, and social-contextual differences. We conclude by discussing wisdom’s conceptual overlap with a host of other constructs and outline unresolved conceptual and methodological challenges.


1899 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
John Dewey ◽  
B. A. Hinsdale

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document