scholarly journals «Система социологии» Питирима Сорокина и системно-коммуникативный подход

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Юрьевич Антоновский ◽  
Раиса Эдуардовна Бараш
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Philosophy

В статье реконструируется ряд идей русско-американского социолога и философа Питирима Сорокина, сформулированных в российский период его творчества. Авторы анализируют программу автономизации социологии как трансдисциплинарной науки и показывают, что Сорокину удалось сформулировать фундаментальные положения системно-коммуникативного подхода в социальной теории, зафиксировать важнейшие предпосылки кристаллизации современного коммуникативно дифференцированного общества. Используя достижения современного ему естествознания, психологии, философии, лингвистики, эволюционной теории, Сорокин описал позитивную программу системно-коммуникативного подхода к исследованию общества, которая фактически реализовалась и тем самым верифицировалась лишь десятилетия спустя в рамках коммуникативной теории Никласа Лумана. Эта программа включала в себя анализ «минимального проявления» общества, которое получило название «взаимодействие». Это понятие мы отожествляем с современным понятием «коммуникации». Статья представляет собой частично переработанную версию английского текста Antonovskiy A.Y. (2020) Sorokin Pitirim Revisited. His place in Social Philosophy as a Transdisciplinary Thinker. Journal of Siberian Federal University, Social Sciences. Vol. 8. No. 13. P. 1250—1263; печатается с разрешения этого журнала.

Charisma and social phenomenology: Gerda Walther, Herman Schmalenbach and Aron Gurwitsch

2021 ◽  
pp. 1468795X2110496
Author(s):  
Dominik Zelinsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Charismatic Authority ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Aron Gurwitsch ◽  
Social Phenomenology

This paper explores the contribution of early social phenomenologists working in the 1920s and 1930s in Germany to charisma theory. Specifically, I focus on the works of Gerda Walther, Herman Schmalenbach and Aron Gurwitsch, whose work is now being re-appreciated in the field of social philosophy. Living in the interbellum German-speaking space, these authors were keenly interested in the issue of charismatic authority and leadership introduced into the social sciences by Max Weber, with whom they engaged in an indirect intellectual dialogue. I argue that their phenomenological background equipped them well to understand the intricacies of the experiential and emotional dimension of charisma, and that their insights remain valid even a century after they have been first published.

scholarly journals THE NOTIONS «MECHANISM» AND «ORGANISM» IN THE SOCIAL ONTOLOGY OF S.L. FRANK

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-141
Author(s):  
Виктор Александрович Куприянов
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
General Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
Social Organism ◽  
Organic Theory

Статья посвящена анализу понятий «механизм» и «организм» в социальной философии С.Л. Франка. Социально-философская концепция Франка помещается в широкий контекст философии XIX-начала XX вв. В статье исследуются связи социальной философии Франка и органических теорий государства и общества. Автор статьи приводит обзор органических теорий: демонстрируется их генезис в немецком классическом идеализме и анализируются подходы, наиболее распространенные в XIX в. В статье обосновывается, что органические теории государства исторически связаны с телеологией И. Канта. Именно в философии Канта впервые появляется важное для философии XIX в. противопоставление организма и механизма. В статье указывается, что специфика этого подхода заключается не столько в естественнонаучной аналогии, сколько в интерпретации отношений части и целого. Автор показывает, что оппозиция механизма и организма сыграла важную роль в истории органических представлений об обществе. Русская социально-философская и политологическая мысль рассматривается в контексте общего развития социальных наук XIX в. Русские философы и обществоведы позаимствовали из западной философии идею оппозиции социального механизма и органицизма. На этой основе в России были выработаны аналогичные философско-правовые концепции, которые также можно отнести к традиции органицизма. Автор относит социально-философскую концепцию С.Л. Франка также к указанной традиции социального органицизма. В статье приводится реконструкция социальной философии Франка и отмечается, что его подход близок к идеям, получившим развитие в немецком классической идеализме. Указывается, что Франк критиковал не органическую теорию как таковую, а распространенную в его время натуралистическую концепцию, отождествлявшую общество с организмом. В этой связи автор показывает вклад Франка в историю органических представлений об обществе. The article is devoted to the analysis of the notions «mechanism» and «organism» in S.L. Frank’s social philosophy. The sociophilosophical conception of S.L. Frank is considered in the context of the philosophy of the XIXth - beginning of the XXth centuries. The article deals with the relations of S.L. Frank’s philosophy to the organic theories of society. The author gives an overview of the organic theories: their genesis in the German idealism and analysis of the widespread approaches in the XIXth century philosophy. The article shows that the organic theories were historically connected with the teleology of I. Kant. I. Kant was the first to propose the very opposition of organism and mechanism. The author points out that the speceficity of this approach consists rather in the interpretation of the relations between the part and the whole, than in the scientific analogy. The author shows that this opposition played a significant role in the organic theory of society. Russian social philosophy and political science are considered in the general context of the social sciences of the XIXth century. Russian philosophers and social sciences borrowed the idea of mechanism and organism from the western philosophy. Based on this approach they developed their own conceptions which can also be referred to the organic tradition. The author refers S.L. Frank’s social philosophy to the tradition of social organism. The article reconstructs the Frank’s social philosophy and points out that his approach is derived from the German classical idealism. It is shown that Frank did not criticized the very organic theory, his criticism was directed against naturalistic theories of his time. The author of the article shows the Frank’s contribution to the organic theory of society.

The Oxford Handbook of Probability and Philosophy

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Probability Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
The State ◽  
Science Ethics ◽  
Probabilistic Judgment ◽  
Standard Probability

Probability theory is a key tool of the physical, mathematical, and social sciences. It has also been playing an increasingly significant role in philosophy: in epistemology, philosophy of science, ethics, social philosophy, philosophy of religion, and elsewhere. This Handbook encapsulates and furthers the influence of philosophy on probability, and of probability on philosophy. Nearly forty articles summarize the state of play and present new insights in various areas of research at the intersection of these two fields. The volume begins with a primer on those parts of probability theory that we believe are most important for philosophers to know, and the rest is divided into seven main sections: history; formalism; alternatives to standard probability theory; interpretations and interpretive issues; probabilistic judgment and its applications; applications of probability: science; and applications of probability: philosophy.

scholarly journals Complexity and social sciences

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Jack Birner
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Choice ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give an outline of the main topics of an introductory course in complexity and social sciences. Design/methodology/approach – This paper consists of a survey of the main issues and some of the classical literature for an audience with no background in philosophy of science, social philosophy, the literature on complex systems and social choice. Findings – In the didactical framework of the article, it would be more accurate to speak of learning objectives rather than findings. The learning objectives are the acquisition of the basic knowledge for understanding the features, the possibilities and the limitations of scientific explanations and predictions and their applications in the long-term perspective of complex social systems. Research limitations/implications – Again, the implications are didactic. The basic knowledge that constitutes the learning objective of the course serves to give students the instruments for recognizing the main opportunities and obstacles in social forecasting. Practical implications – The practical implications of this paper include making students aware of complexity-related problems in their working environment and of the opportunities and constraints involved in solving them. Social implications – Operators who are aware of the main issues involved can contribute to a more balanced approach to social forecasting: avoiding to raise unrealistic expectations and making more efficient use of the available instruments. Originality/value – This paper summarizes an original combination of elements from the philosophy of science, epistemology, social philosophy and social choice.

Philosophy as Social Philosophy

Philosophy ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 42 (159) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Haines
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Philosopher ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
Second World

Just before the second world war, in a paper read to the British Association, Morris Ginsberg talked about the failure of social philosophy and the social sciences to work together in the universities ‘toward the rational ordering of society’. Some time after the war Alexander Macbeath complained to British sociologists of his own vain search for a social philosopher who could teach in a course on public administration. Then a few years later A. E. Teale told an inter-professional conference at Keele that people who teach and train teachers, those who train social workers of all kinds, were disappointed when philosophers professed themselves unable to help those who had to ‘equip students with the skill to change prevailing moral attitudes and standards’.

scholarly journals From Social Sciences to Philosophy and Back Again

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Aleksei Zygmont
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Over Time

The article is devoted to the problem of the demarcation of social sciences from social philosophy. The author proposes to model the relations between these two disciplines as a continuum instead of binary opposition - a continuum in which certain authors and concepts are located depending on the nature of their statements (descriptive or prescriptive/evaluative) and the amount of empirical data involved. To illustrate a number of this continuum’s positions and features, the concept of the sacred is brought: emerging in Modern history as a cultural idea, in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in the works of French sociologists it becomes an empirical model that describes both the effect of social solidarity and the particular forms of religious existence. However, later, in the College of Sociology and in the works of such thinkers as G. Bataille, R. Caillois, etc., the concept acquires value meanings and becomes socio-philosophical. The absence of a clear boundary between the two statement formats, it makes possible both the “drifting” from one to another over time (M. Eliade) and the ambiguity of any critics of social science from social philosophy’s position and vice versa. At the same time, the historical “load” of the concept could be discarded in order to use it within the framework of “pure” social science or philosophy.

Catholic Theological Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-29
Author(s):  
Stephen Bennett Bevans
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Theological Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Catholic Theological

Robert J. Schreiter is one of today's most important and influential theologians. This essay suggests that the key to Schreiter's thought is his identity and spirituality as a Missionary of the Precious Blood. It is this identity and spirituality that moves him to do theology in the context of today's globalized and polarized world, offering reflections on the possibility of reconciliation and peacemaking as effective ways of engaging in mission today. The theology that results from such reflections is grounded not only in theological method, but also in the content and method of social philosophy and the social sciences.

Complexity Theory as a Link between Space and Place

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juval Portugali
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Scientific Enterprise ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Important Notion ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Complexity Theories ◽  
Central Term

Since the early 1970s, the notions of space and place have been located on the two sides of a barricade that divides what has been described as science's two great cultures. Space is located among the ‘hard’ sciences as a central term in the attempt of geography to transform the discipline from a descriptive into a quantitative, analytic, and thus scientific, enterprise. Place, on the other hand, is located among the ‘soft’ humanities and social philosophy oriented social sciences as an important notion in the post-1970 attempt to transform geography from a positivistic into a humanistic, structuralist, hermeneutic, critical science. More recently, the place-oriented geographies have adopted postmodern, poststructuralist, and deconstruction approaches, while the quantitative spatial geographies have been strongly influenced by theories of self-organization and complexity. In this paper I first point to, and then explore, structural similarities between complexity theories and theories oriented toward social philosophy. I then elaborate the thesis that, in consequence, complexity theories have the potential to bridge the geographies of space and place and, by implication, the two cultures of science. Finally, discuss in some detail conceptual and methodological implications.

Reviews: Karl Marx: Selected Writings in Sociology and Social Philosophy, Philosophy, Politics and Society, the Sane Society, Democracy and Dictatorship, Social Control, the Challenge of Democracy, Anthropology in Administration, the Dynamics of Bureaucracy, Human Relations in Inter-Racial Housing, a Manual of Intergroup Relations, Behaviour Theory and Social Science, Integrating Sociological and Psychoanalytic Concepts, the Attack on Big Business, Measurement of Responsibility, Unity and Variety in Muslim Civilization, the Pakistani Way of Life, Peasant Society and Culture, India's Villages, the Teaching of the Social Sciences in India, a Preface to the Social Sciences, the History of a Soviet Collective Farm, Nigerian Cocoa Farmers, Soviet Attitudes toward Authority, Russian Holiday, Les Partis Communistes d'Europe, the Social Division of Welfare, Women's Two Roles, International Review of Criminal Policy, Crime and Social Action, Portrait in Grey, Economic Growth: Brazil, India, Japan, Population Growth and Levels of Consumption, the Sociology of an English Village: Gosforth, Modern Homesteaders, the Negro Family in British Guiana, How People Vote

1956 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-295
Author(s):  
Alasdair Macintyre ◽  
R. S. Milne ◽  
Ernest Beaglehole ◽  
T. T. Paterson ◽  
T. T. Paterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
British Guiana ◽  
Peasant Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cocoa Farmers
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