scholarly journals Génesis y Desarrollo de la Pedagogía de Dewey en Chile

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Jaime Caiceo Escudero
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Educational Reforms ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democracy And Education ◽  
The Impact

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the publication of John Dewey’s Democracy and Education, we analyse the impact of this seminal work on the history of education in Chile. We review and describe his influence on both secular and Catholic spheres in the country at the beginning of the 20th century, and the major milestones in the educational reforms implemented according to his theories. This historical study relies on both primary and secondary sources, and features a documentary analysis of the works influenced by his ideas. It forms part of a series of investigations on the topic carried out by the author over the last thirty years.

A Left History of Liquorice: What It Means to Write "Left" History

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Historical Study ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Special Edition ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

This article is part of a special Left History series reflecting upon changing currents and boundaries in the practice of left history, and outlining the challenges historians of the left must face in the current tumultuous political climate. This series extends a conversation first convened in a 2006 special edition of Left History (11.1), which asked the question, “what is left history?” In the updated series, contributors were asked a slightly modified question, “what does it mean to write ‘left’ history?” The article charts the impact of major political developments on the field of left history in the last decade, contending that a rising neoliberal and right-wing climate has constructed an environment inhospitable to the discipline’s survival. To remain relevant, Palmer calls for historians of the left to develop a more “open-ended and inclusive” understanding of the left and to push the boundaries of inclusion for a meaningful historical study of the left. To illustrate, Palmer provides a brief materialist history of liquorice to demonstrate the mutability of left history as a historical approach, rather than a set of traditional political concerns.

scholarly journals A short history of ocean acidification science in the 20th century: a chemist's view

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 7411-7422 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemical Knowledge ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ph Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This review covers the development of ocean acidification science, with an emphasis on the creation of ocean chemical knowledge, through the course of the 20th century. This begins with the creation of the pH scale by Sørensen in 1909 and ends with the widespread knowledge of the impact of the "High CO2 Ocean" by then well underway as the trajectory along the IPCC scenario pathways continues. By mid-century the massive role of the ocean in absorbing fossil fuel CO2 was known to specialists, but not appreciated by the greater scientific community. By the end of the century the trade-offs between the beneficial role of the ocean in absorbing some 90% of all heat created, and the accumulation of some 50% of all fossil fuel CO2 emitted, and the impacts on marine life were becoming more clear. This paper documents the evolution of knowledge throughout this period.

scholarly journals Profesor Marian Walczak (1923–2020)* In memoriam

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Witold Chmielewski
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
Academic Activity ◽  
Teachers Union ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Memoriam

Presenting Prof. Marian Walczak’s achievements concentrated on the field of Polish Teachers’ Union and the history of education. The presentation of Prof. Marian Walczak’s biography and achievements in all fields of his rich academic activity, especially in the scope of the history of Polish Teachers’ Union, underground teaching, the activity of high schools and education as well as the martyrdom of Polish teachers during the Nazi occupation. Moreover, the results of the professor’s research into the history of Polish education after WWII have also been presented. The achievements of Prof. Marian Walczak were significant. He is remembered by posterity for his activity in the history of Polish Teachers’ Union and the history of education in the 20th century.

scholarly journals Impak Pemikiran Islah dan Tajdid Terhadap Pendidikan Tinggi Wanita Islam di Malaysia Selepas Merdeka

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahibah Twahir@Hj Tahir ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Yusof ◽  
Abu Hassan Abdul
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Women's Education ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Education Network ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to identify the development of the Islah and Tajdid movements in Malaya and the impact on Islamic education for women starting at the madrasah level to the high level in the late 20th century. This study discusses the movement of Islah and Tajdid which appeared at the beginning of the 20th century in Malaya and analyzed the influence of thinking on Islamic women's education. This study was conducted using a qualitative study, where all data information from primary and secondary sources was scrutinized and analyzed by taking an inductive approach. The study found that the characters involved in this movement in Malaya since the very beginning of their return from their studies in Egypt have supported the thought of Sheikh Muhammad Abduh and Sheikh Rasyid Ridha in the case of women's education. They wrote and worked on publications through newspapers and magazines that voiced the importance of Muslim women to be given freedom of education to engage in society. In order to realize these thoughts and awareness, they also set up special madrasah for female students in Penang, Melaka and Singapore. The influence of their thinking has led to the awareness of the Malay community with the establishment of madrasah in the states of Kelantan, Kedah, Perlis, and Johor and opened the widest opportunities for female students to receive education. Until the Independence era of Malaya, these madrasah have expanded to whole land of Malay as the efforts and awareness of group of religionist that support the thinking of Islah and Tajdid. In 1952 Malaya Islamic College was established and followed by Yayasan Pengajian Tinggi Islam Kelantan (YPTIK) in 1956 as a result of this group's efforts. Women's students also have the opportunity to pursue higher levels of education until there is an Islamic women's education network between Malaysia, Indonesia and Egypt. At the end of the 20th century, Muslim women had succeeded in occupying various career fields, especially in Islamic education as teachers in schools, as a lecturer at higher learning centers that offering various fields of Islamic studies and as civil servants in government departments.

scholarly journals Protestant cemeteries in Czechia: a necrogeographical perspective

Geografie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-207
Author(s):  
Zdeněk R. Nešpor
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Important Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Czech Lands ◽  
The Impact

The article introduces the field of necrogeography to Czech social geography and provides information on existing (nationwide) data sources. The author takes the issue of Protestant confessional cemeteries as an example, briefly outlines the history of these special types of burial fields (established principally from the end of the 18th century until approximately the mid-20th century), and provides a historical geographical analysis of their regional distribution in the Czech Lands. The article proves the impact of religious and geographical factors on the emergence (and eventual demise) of non-Catholic Christian confessional cemeteries and, at the same time, the research unveiled a number of important research questions to be addressed by Czech necrogeography in the future.

Criminalisation

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Bloomer ◽  
Claire Pierson ◽  
Sylvia Estrada Claudio
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Unsafe Abortion ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Abortion Laws ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
The Impact

This chapter details the criminalisation of abortion. A review of the history of the criminal law on abortion reveals that for most of history abortion remained outside the law. Criminalisation when it did occur was closely tied to the religious positioning of abortion in western societies. This chapter considers trends in the latter part of the 20th century abortion when countries which had criminalised abortion began to relax the laws, whilst in other settings restrictions were introduced. The impact of restrictive laws and restricted access include an exploration of the data related to death and serious injury resulting from unsafe abortion as well as the risk of criminality. A consideration of methodological issues in measuring the impact of unsafe abortion identifies new methods to quantify this. Case studies of Ireland and Uruguay highlight how restrictive laws are experienced in contrasting settings. The chapter concludes by considering the case for decriminalisation of abortion laws.

From Taṣḥīḥ to Taḥqīq: Toward a History of the Arabic Critical Edition

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 245-299
Author(s):  
Islam Dayeh
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
Historical Scholarship ◽  
Editorial Practice ◽  
Publishing World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Textual Form ◽  
Editorial Practices

AbstractThe article traces the transformations in Arabic editorial practices from the mid-19th century through the early decades of the 20th-century. Focusing on the publishing world of Cairo, the article examines some of the major political, cultural and technological conditions that shaped editorial choice and technique. The article explores continuities as well as ruptures with traditional Arabic-Islamic editorial practice, and assesses the impact of 19th-century European philological and historical scholarship. Particular attention is given to examining innovation in editorial practice, textual form, and modes of research over the course of a century.

Sectarianism in Iraq – a critique by Ali Al-Wardi

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Jabir Kadhem al-Zurfi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Impact

The Arab world today is encountering a destructive resurgence of sectarianism, which, up to a few years ago, had been confined to books and rhetorical debates. In the first half of the 20th century, Iraqi sociologist Ali Al-Wardi pioneered the critique of sectarianism in the Arab world. Unlike others, he approached the issue from a specific and unique perspective. His observations of Iraqi history were made from a sociological standpoint that aimed at revealing the impact of sectarianism on Iraqi politics. Al-Wardi's writings were carried out to two phases: the first extends from the early 1950s to the early 1960s; and the second covers the period between the publication of his two books, Study on the Nature of Iraqi Society (the year of publication is unknown) and Social Briefs from the Modern History of Iraq (1971). The first phase focused on Islam's heritage and a number of social phenomena; the second focused exclusively on the study of Iraqi society. A number of factors influenced Al-Wardi's personality and thinking, a fact especially evident in the kind of methodology he used, which was new when addressing the sectarian issue. Based on Al-Wardi's research, this paper traces the historical factors and process that affected the historical development of the divisions separating two main sects of Islam – Shi'a and Sunni – resulting in a duel between them, which led to the configuration of Iraqi society along sectarian lines. It elaborates on the methodology used by Al-Wardi in his studies of Iraqi society, as well as his attitude with regard to sectarianism in modern Iraq. It also explores the intellectual and political influences that helped shape his thinking in this domain and its legacy on sociological thought in the Arab world.

Nostalgia and the City: Urdushahr āshobpoetry in the aftermath of 1857

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVE TIGNOL
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Memory And Trauma ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAfter the Uprising of 1857, many poets from north Indian cities resorted to the Urdu nostalgic genre ofshahr āshobto recall mournfully pre-colonial urban landscapes and articulate emotional and poetic narratives of loss. This article proposes to open new perspectives for the historical study of collective memory and trauma among Urdu-speakingashrāfin the nineteenth century by looking at one collection of such poems entitled ‘The Lament for Delhi (Fuġhān-e Dehlī)’ (1863), which has recently started to attract the attention of historians. Although scholarship has generally emphasised the continuity of these poems with theshahr āshobtradition, this article re-assesses this body of texts through a careful analysis of their main literary motifs and highlights their originality and divergence from previousshahr āshobs. Beyond the stereotypical, the poems of ‘The Lament for Delhi’ both construct 1857 as cultural trauma through the use of powerful literary devices and the performance of collective grief as well as re-channel memory and melancholy into the urban landscape by emphasising its materiality and reinvesting it with new meanings and stakes. This paper more broadly underlines the importance of this under-studied source to understand the impact of 1857 on the imaginary of Urdu-speakingashrāfand on the cultural and social history of colonial India.

scholarly journals History of education in Switzerland – historic development and current challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 223-237
Author(s):  
Michèle Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historic Development ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
And Function ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Role And Function

As in other countries, history of education in Switzerland is faced with a number of challenges (e.g. job cuts, questioning of the discipline’s role and function). This paper argues that the disci-pline’s current situation can only be adequately understood in light of its eventful history. In a first step this paper therefore deals with the historic development of the history of education in Switzerland. Particular focus is placed on the establishment of the history of education as a part of pedagogy at the institutions of teacher education during the first half of the 19th century and the discipline’s further development over the course of the late 19th and 20th century. In a se-cond step, this paper discusses the consequences for the discipline’s present and future that arise from its specific, historically evolved situation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15572/ENCO2014.12

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