scholarly journals Actual concepts of classification, diagnosis and treatment of atlanto-occipital dislocations in adults: non-systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
Andrey Anatolyevich Grin ◽  
Ivan Sergeyevich Lvov ◽  
Anton Yuryevich Kordonskiy ◽  
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Konovalov ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Krylov
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Optimal Classification

Objective. To review the literature on atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) in adults to determine the optimal classification, diagnostic method and treatment.Material and Methods. A search was conducted in the PubMed database for the period from 1966 to 2020. The initial search revealed 564 abstracts of articles. A total of 95 studies were selected for a detailed study of the full text, of which 47 studies describing data from 130 patients were included in this review.Results. The paper describes all the available AOD classifications, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. The clinical picture, features of the diagnosis in published observations of AOD in adults, as well as the applied treatment methods and their results are presented.Conclusion. Atlanto-occipital dislocation is one of the most severe types of injuries of the cervical spine in adults, which is accompanied by damage to the medulla oblongata and gross neurological deficit in 70 % of cases. The sensitivity of radiography for the diagnosis of AOD was 56.3 %. In 18.5 % of patients, its use led to untimely diagnosis and could cause subsequent deterioration. The CT sensitivity was 96.8 %. The most accurate method of AOD verification was to determine the atlanto-occipital interval (100 % sensitivity and specificity). The optimal method of treating victims with AOD is surgical one.

Indications for extraction of permanent maxillary canines – a literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Jakub Baszak ◽  
Anna Sobieszańska ◽  
Izabella Dunin-Wilczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Difficult Decision ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
Impacted Canine ◽  
Status Position

Orthodontic movement of a maxillary canine into the dental arch may be a therapeutic challenge, and it is necessary to analyse a case in detail and to evaluate therapeutic methods, including a difficult decision of tooth extraction in all cases.<b> Aim</b>. The paper aims to discuss orthodontic indications for maxillary canine extraction based on available literature. <b>Material and methods</b>. The PubMed database and the following key words were used for studies: canine impaction, maxillary impacted canine and canine extraction. Literature was supplemented with publications from reviewed journals not included in the PubMed database. 50 papers were selected from the literature list. <b>Results, review and discussion</b>. A decision to extract a maxillary canine should be made based on a detailed clinical examination and analysis of orthodontic records, including photographs, diagnostic models and radiological scans. CBCT imaging test should be performed as standard before treatment in case of impaired tooth eruption. Factors that should be especially considered include: tooth anatomy, periodontal status, position in the bone, occlusion, condition of the adjacent teeth and any pathological processes in the tooth vicinity. Before making a therapeutic decision a patient should be informed about available therapeutic options according to current medical knowledge, as well as about advantages and disadvantages of each of them. <b>Summary</b>. Factors favouring extraction of impacted canines or canines with impaired eruption include: unfavourable position (a horizontal position of a tooth in the bone, position in the zone IV and V according to Kurol, large distance from the edge of the alveolar process), anatomical abnormality (root angulation, external or internal resorption), root ankylosis, patient’s age above 30 years and good occlusion without a canine in the dental arch with the need to extract a premolar for its movement into the dental arch. <b>(Baszak J, Sobieszczańska A, Dunin-Wilczyńska I. Indications for extraction of permanent maxillary canines – a literature review. Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 130-42)</b>.

Design process for serious activities inspired by play and games: a problem solving with a board game from disengamement and gamification processes (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Goria ◽  
Louise Dupet ◽  
Maëva Négroni ◽  
Gabriel Sega ◽  
Philippe Arnoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Design Result

BACKGROUND most serious games and other game-based tools are designed as digital games or escape games. They are designed for learning or sometimes in the field of medicine as an aid to care. However, they can also be seen as an aid to research, in our case, to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of imaging techniques for cancer detection. OBJECTIVE we present a case study of action research on the design of a serious board game intended to consider the advantages and weaknesses of a diagnostic method in a different ways. The goal was to better understand the principles of designing a tool using game or play. METHODS we explicitly implemented another process than gamification to develop a structure reminiscent of the game to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of different imaging techniques from the point of view of the respondents (in this case specialists not directly involved in the project). Based on this feedback and the scientific literature on this subject, we detail the main categories of games and games developed for serious use in order to understand their differences. Concerning the cancer research part to which game contributes, our method is based on questions asked to experts and practitioners of this specialty. RESULTS an expert point of view translation tool in the form of a game has been realized to apprehend a research in a different way. CONCLUSIONS we show with the help of a diagram, some possible design paths leading to this type of design result including two hidden dimensions to consider (the awareness of the game or play by the "player" and his role as a contributor or recipient).

Perbandingan Expanded Curb-65 Terhadap Curb-65 dan Psi Dalam Memprediksi Luaran Pasien Cap

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Suyastri Suyastri ◽  
Irvan Medison ◽  
Deddy Herman ◽  
Russilawati Russilawati
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Pneumonia Severity Index ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pneumonia Severity ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Care Decision

<p><em>Tingkat keparahan CAP adalah poin penting pengambilan keputusan perawatan pasien. Beberapa metode telah digunakan untuk menilai tingkat keparahan pneumonia seperti Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI), CURB-65, SMART-COP dan Expanded CURB-65. Metode tersebut memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Expanded CURB 65 diusulkan menjadi metode yang lebih akurat untuk mengevaluasi keparahan pneumonia dan memprediksi kematian pasien CAP. Tujuan penelitian ini memprediksi keakuratan Expanded CURB  65 dibandingkan CURB 65 dan PSI. Penelitian kohort prospektif pada pasien CAP yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. M.Djamil Padang dari April sampai Oktober 2019. Tingkat keparahan CAP pada pasien dinilai menggunakan PSI, CURB 65, Expanded CURB 65, kemudian hasilnya dievaluasi berdasarkan keparahan. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik dengan CI 95% dan nilai p &lt;0,05 dianggap signifikan. Hasil penelitian pada 90 pasien sebagian besar laki-laki usia 53 tahun dengan komorbiditas terbanyak keganasan. Uji Pearson Chi aquare menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat keparahan berdasarkan CURB 65 dan luaran pengobatan (CI 95%, nilai p = 0,104). Sementara, PSI dan Expanded CURB 65 memiliki hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat keparahan dan luaran (CI 95%, p=0,081 dan CI 95%, p= 0,046, masing-masing). Analisis multivariat menemukan Expanded CURB 65 lebih akurat dalam memprediksi luaran pasien CAP rawat inap (kappa =0,108 dan AUC=0,422).</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em><em>Severity of CAP is very important for site care decision inpatients. Several methods have been used to assess the severity of pneumonia such as Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI), CURB-65, SMART-COP and Expanded CURB-65. Those methods have advantages and disadvantages. Expanded CURB 65 is proposed to be more accurate method for evaluating pneumonia severity and predicting mortality in CAP. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of Expanded CURB 65 compare to CURB 65 and PSI. Cohort prospective study was conducted for CAP patients who were hospitalized at RSUP Dr. M.Djamil Padang from April to October 2019. Patients was assesed for severity using PSI, CURB 65, Expanded CURB 65, then we evaluated it’s outcome. The data were analyzed by logistic regression with CI 95% and p value &lt;0,05 considered as statistically significant. We found 90 patients that predominantly males with an average age of 53 years, and the most common comorbidity is malignancy. There was no relationship between pneumonia severity by CURB 65 and outcome (CI 95%, p=0.104). PSI and Expanded CURB 65 had significant relationship between severity and outcome (CI 95%, p=0.081and CI 95%, p=0.046, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed the expanded CURB 65 was more accurate for predicting the outcome of CAP inpatients (kappa=0.108 and AUC= 0.422).</em></em></p>

scholarly journals Swarm Robotic Interactions in an Open and Cluttered Environment: A Survey

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Maxime Vaidis ◽  
Martin J.-D. Otis
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Cluttered Environment ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Population Migrations ◽  
New Research ◽  
Interaction Strategy ◽  
Crowded Environment

Recent population migrations have led to numerous accidents and deaths. Little research has been done to help migrants in their journey. For this reason, a literature review of the latest research conducted in previous years is required to identify new research trends in human-swarm interaction. This article presents a review of techniques that can be used in a robots swarm to find, locate, protect and help migrants in hazardous environment such as militarized zone. The paper presents a swarm interaction taxonomy including a detailed study on the control of swarm with and without interaction. As the interaction mainly occurs in cluttered or crowded environment (with obstacles) the paper discussed the algorithms related to navigation that can be included with an interaction strategy. It focused on comparing algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods for Sustainable Selection of Insulation Materials in Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Indre Siksnelyte-Butkiene ◽  
Dalia Streimikiene ◽  
Tomas Balezentis ◽  
Virgilijus Skulskis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Selection Of

The European Commission has recently adopted the Renovation Wave Strategy, aiming at the improvement of the energy performance of buildings. The strategy aims to at least double renovation rates in the next ten years and make sure that renovations lead to higher energy and resource efficiency. The choice of appropriate thermal insulation materials is one of the simplest and, at the same time, the most popular strategies that effectively reduce the energy demand of buildings. Today, the spectrum of insulation materials is quite wide, and each material has its own specific characteristics. It is recognized that the selection of materials is one of the most challenging and difficult steps of a building project. This paper aims to give an in-depth view of existing multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) applications for the selection of insulation materials and to provide major insights in order to simplify the process of methods and criteria selection for future research. A systematic literature review is performed based on the Search, Appraisal, Synthesis and Analysis (SALSA) framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. In order to determine which MCDM method is the most appropriate for different questions, the main advantages and disadvantages of different methods are provided.

scholarly journals Stigma Experienced by Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Descriptive Review of Qualitative Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Maffoni ◽  
Anna Giardini ◽  
Antonia Pierobon ◽  
Davide Ferrazzoli ◽  
Giuseppe Frazzitta
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Subjective Symptom ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Related Quality

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and nonmotor symptoms. Both of them imply a negative impact on Health-Related Quality of Life. A significant one is the stigma experienced by the parkinsonian patients and their caregivers. Moreover, stigma may affect everyday life and patient’s subjective and relational perception and it may lead to frustration and isolation. Aim of the present work is to qualitatively describe the stigma of PD patients stemming from literature review, in order to catch the subjective experience and the meaning of the stigma construct. Literature review was performed on PubMed database and Google Scholar (keywords: Parkinson Disease, qualitative, stigma, social problem, isolation, discrimination) and was restricted to qualitative data: 14 articles were identified to be suitable to the aim of the present overview. Results are divided into four core constructs: stigma arising from symptoms, stigma linked to relational and communication problems, social stigma arising from sharing perceptions, and caregiver’s stigma. The principal relations to these constructs are deeply analyzed and described subjectively through patients’ and caregiver’s point of view. The qualitative research may allow a better understanding of a subjective symptom such as stigma in parkinsonian patients from an intercultural and a social point of view.

Current CITE-ings from the popular and trade computing press: telework and telecommuting

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kesselman
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Virtual Reference ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Better Than

Purpose – This article examines Current CITE-ings from the Popular and Trade Computing Press, Telework and Telecommuting Design/methodology/approach – The methodology adopted is a literature review. Findings – Readily available technologies now allow librarians to perform most of their work-offsite. Some traditional building-based services such as reference, have been taken over by virtual reference and now even instruction offers options on par with or even better than classroombased questions such as a webinar that can be viewed and reviewed at any time or by having librarians embedded into various courseware packages. Researchlimitations/implications – Librarians no longer need be limited to a single library; groups of subject librarians can work together in the cloud to provide services to multiple universities. Originality/value – This article collates some articles from the non-library literature that mayprovide some ideas and review advantages and disadvantages for both the library and employee

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHM FOR FINDING ANOMALIES IN WEATHER REPORTS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF FORECASTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
K. G. Yashchenkov ◽  
K. S. Dymko ◽  
N. O. Ukhanov ◽  
A. V. Khnykin
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Method ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Message Exchange ◽  
Text Information ◽  
Preliminary Preparation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Moment

The issues of using data analysis methods to find and correct errors in the reports issued by meteorologists are considered. The features of processing various types of meteorological messages are studied. The advantages and disadvantages of existing methods of classification of text information are considered. The classification methods are compared in order to identify the optimal method that will be used in the developed algorithm for analyzing meteorological messages. The prospects of using each of the methods in the developed algorithm are described. An algorithm for processing the source data is proposed, which consists in using syntactic and logical analysis to preclean the data from various kinds of noise and determine format errors for each type of message. After preliminary preparation the classification method correlates the received set of message characteristics with the previously trained model to determine the error of the current weather report and output the corresponding message to the operator in real time. The software tools used in the algorithm development and implementation processes are described. A complete description of the process of processing a meteorological message is presented from the moment when the message is entered in a text editor until the message is sent to the international weather message exchange service. The developed software is demonstrated, in which the proposed algorithm is implemented, which allows to improve the quality of messages and, as a result, the quality of meteorological forecasts. The results of the implementation of the new algorithm are described by comparing the number of messages containing various types of errors before the implementation of the algorithm and after the implementation.

On the Dangers of Tropical Spiders as a Pet: A Review of Ocular Symptoms Caused by Tarantula Hairs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten B. Jalink ◽  
Robert P. L. Wisse
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Anterior Uveitis ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Descemet's Membrane ◽  
Descemet’S Membrane ◽  
Urticating Hairs

Tarantulas are large spiders that can defend themselves by shedding urticating hairs (setae). In this paper, we aim to discuss the ocular conditions caused by these setae through a literature review. In total, 25 cases were identified in the PubMed database. Tarantula setae have a barbed structure that enables migration through the globe. They give rise to a spectrum of complaints, causing a granulomatous inflammatory reaction in the compartment they settle. Superficial corneal hairs cause a mild keratitis, while hairs that penetrate Descemet’s membrane can induce an anterior uveitis. Both can be treated with local steroids; when possible, hairs should be debrided. Setae that migrate into the posterior segment can cause a focal vitritis that can be more difficult to treat, sometimes requiring vitrectomy.

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