scholarly journals Fisiognomi Imam Syafii dalam Naskah Wirasat Sapii

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Nur Fauzan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Head Hair ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Reading

AbstractThe face can reflect the behavior and character of the owner. For that required expertise to read the face or face reading is known as physiognomy. This paper will discuss how to read the face according to Imam Syafii in the book Wirasat Sapii. The theory used is semiotics. The result shows that Imam Syafii who is the founder of the Syafii mazhab is known to have a high feeling, but in particular there is no work of his hunch. Furthermore in Wirasat Sapii stated that there are eight aspects of the premonition to recognize one's character is seen from the shape and color of the limbs, especially in the face. Eight aspects are head, hair, forehead, eyebrows, ears, eyes, nose, and lips. IntisariWajah bisa mencerminkan perilaku dan watak pemiliknya. Untuk itu diperlukan keahlian untuk membaca wajah atau face reading yang dikenal dengan fisiognomi. Tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana cara membaca wajah  menurut Imam Syafii di dalam kitab Wirasat Sapii. Teori yang digunakan adalah  semiotika. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Imam Syafii yang peletak mazhab Syafii memang dikenal mempunyai firasat tinggi, namun secara khusus tidak ada karya beliau terkait ilmu firasat. Selanjutnya di dalam Wirasat Sapii dinyatakan bahwa ada  delapan aspek ilmu firasat untuk mengenal watak seseorang dilihat dari bentuk dan warna anggota tubuh, khususnya di bagian wajah. Delapan aspek tersebut adalah kepala,  rambut, dahi,  alis,  telinga, mata, hidung, dan bibir.

scholarly journals The impact of facemasks on emotion recognition, trust attribution and re-identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Marini ◽  
Alessandro Ansani ◽  
Fabio Paglieri ◽  
Fausto Caruana ◽  
Marco Viola
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Mouth Region ◽  
Visual Access ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Reading ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Identity Processing

AbstractCovid-19 pandemics has fostered a pervasive use of facemasks all around the world. While they help in preventing infection, there are concerns related to the possible impact of facemasks on social communication. The present study investigates how emotion recognition, trust attribution and re-identification of faces differ when faces are seen without mask, with a standard medical facemask, and with a transparent facemask restoring visual access to the mouth region. Our results show that, in contrast to standard medical facemasks, transparent masks significantly spare the capability to recognize emotional expressions. Moreover, transparent masks spare the capability to infer trustworthiness from faces with respect to standard medical facemasks which, in turn, dampen the perceived untrustworthiness of faces. Remarkably, while transparent masks (unlike standard masks) do not impair emotion recognition and trust attribution, they seemingly do impair the subsequent re-identification of the same, unmasked, face (like standard masks). Taken together, this evidence supports a dissociation between mechanisms sustaining emotion and identity processing. This study represents a pivotal step in the much-needed analysis of face reading when the lower portion of the face is occluded by a facemask.

scholarly journals Unsupervised data-driven stratification of mentalizing heterogeneity in autism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Lombardo ◽  
Meng-Chuan Lai ◽  
Bonnie Auyeung ◽  
Rosemary J. Holt ◽  
Carrie Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autism Spectrum Conditions ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
The Face ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Face Reading ◽  
Level Performance

AbstractIndividuals affected by autism spectrum conditions (ASC) are considerably heterogeneous. Novel approaches are needed to parse this heterogeneity to enhance precision in clinical and translational research. Applying a clustering approach taken from genomics and systems biology on two large independent cognitive datasets of adults with and without ASC (n=715; n=251), we find replicable evidence for 5 discrete ASC subgroups that are highly differentiated in item-level performance on an explicit mentalizing task tapping ability to read complex emotion and mental states from the eye region of the face (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test; RMET). Three subgroups comprising 42-65% of ASC adults show evidence for large impairments (Cohen’s d = −1.03 to −11.21), while other subgroups are effectively unimpaired. These findings delineate robust natural subdivisions within the ASC population that may allow for more individualized inferences and accelerate research towards precision medicine goals.

scholarly journals Stereoscopic facial imaging for pain assessment using rotational offset microlens arrays based structured illumination

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Myeong Kwon ◽  
Sung-Pyo Yang ◽  
Ki-Hun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Structured Illumination ◽  
Microlens Arrays ◽  
3D Data ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Reading

AbstractConventional pain assessment methods such as patients’ self-reporting restrict the possibility of easy pain monitoring while pain serves as an important role in clinical practice. Here we report a pain assessment method via 3D face reading camera assisted by dot pattern illumination. The face reading camera module (FRCM) consists of a stereo camera and a dot projector, which allow the quantitative measurement of facial expression changes without human subjective judgement. The rotational offset microlens arrays (roMLAs) in the dot projector form a uniform dense dot pattern on a human face. The dot projection facilitates evaluating three-dimensional change of facial expression by improving 3D reconstruction results of non-textured facial surfaces. In addition, the FRCM provides consistent pain rating from 3D data, regardless of head movement. This pain assessment method can provide a new guideline for precise, real-time, and continuous pain monitoring.

On Trust and Disgust: Evidence From Face Reading and Virtual Reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Kugler ◽  
Bohan Ye ◽  
Daphna Motro ◽  
Charles N. Noussair
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Reading Technology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Reading ◽  
The Relationship

We report three studies exploring the relationship between disgust and trust. Study 1a measured emotions using face-reading technology while participants played a repeated trust game. We observed a negative correlation between trust and disgust. Study 1b employed self-reports along with the face reader. The self-report procedure adversely affected participants’ emotional state and eliminated the correlation between trust and other emotions. Study 2 induced incidental disgust or sadness using virtual reality and manipulated participants’ awareness of the source of their emotions. Disgusted participants judged others as less trustworthy and sent less in a trust game than sad or control participants. An interaction indicated that awareness of the source of emotions eliminated the effect. Our data are consistent with the association between disgust and harsher moral judgments and suggest that disgust is antithetical to the building of trust. However, the association disappears if individuals are aware that their disgust is unrelated to the setting.

Why do people believe in a zero-sum economy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Coalitional Psychology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Zero Sum

AbstractZero-sum thinking and aversion to trade pervade our society, yet fly in the face of everyday experience and the consensus of economists. Boyer & Petersen's (B&P's) evolutionary model invokes coalitional psychology to explain these puzzling intuitions. I raise several empirical challenges to this explanation, proposing two alternative mechanisms – intuitive mercantilism (assigning value to money rather than goods) and errors in perspective-taking.

Mars: was There an Ancient Eden?

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 203-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias C. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Positive Answer ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Habitable Zones ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Early Mars ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Rocky Planets ◽  
Impact Erosion

AbstractThe clear evidence of water erosion on the surface of Mars suggests an early climate much more clement than the present one. Using a model for the origin of inner planet atmospheres by icy planetesimal impact, it is possible to reconstruct the original volatile inventory on Mars, starting from the thin atmosphere we observe today. Evidence for cometary impact can be found in the present abundances and isotope ratios of gases in the atmosphere and in SNC meteorites. If we invoke impact erosion to account for the present excess of129Xe, we predict an early inventory equivalent to at least 7.5 bars of CO2. This reservoir of volatiles is adequate to produce a substantial greenhouse effect, provided there is some small addition of SO2(volcanoes) or reduced gases (cometary impact). Thus it seems likely that conditions on early Mars were suitable for the origin of life – biogenic elements and liquid water were present at favorable conditions of pressure and temperature. Whether life began on Mars remains an open question, receiving hints of a positive answer from recent work on one of the Martian meteorites. The implications for habitable zones around other stars include the need to have rocky planets with sufficient mass to preserve atmospheres in the face of intensive early bombardment.

Evidence for a shear mechanism for the precipitation of γ-zirconium hydride in zirconium

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
G.J.C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Zirconium Hydride ◽  
Zirconium Atom ◽  
Atom Diffusion ◽  
Solvus Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
The Face

In zirconium-hydrogen alloys, rapid cooling from an elevated temperature causes precipitation of the face-centred tetragonal (fct) phase, γZrH, in the form of needles, parallel to the close-packed <1120>zr directions (1). With low hydrogen concentrations, the hydride solvus is sufficiently low that zirconium atom diffusion cannot occur. For example, with 6 μg/g hydrogen, the solvus temperature is approximately 370 K (2), at which only the hydrogen diffuses readily. Shears are therefore necessary to produce the crystallographic transformation from hexagonal close-packed (hep) zirconium to fct hydride.The simplest mechanism for the transformation is the passage of Shockley partial dislocations having Burgers vectors (b) of the type 1/3<0110> on every second (0001)Zr plane. If the partial dislocations are in the form of loops with the same b, the crosssection of a hydride precipitate will be as shown in fig.1. A consequence of this type of transformation is that a cumulative shear, S, is produced that leads to a strain field in the surrounding zirconium matrix, as illustrated in fig.2a.

A study of interface sliding at F.C.C.-B.C.C. boundaries in a Cu-Zn alloy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
F. Monchoux ◽  
A. Rocher ◽  
J.L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffusion Treatment ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Interface Sliding ◽  
Zn Alloy ◽  
Made In

Interphase sliding is an important phenomenon of high temperature plasticity. In order to study the microstructural changes associated with it, as well as its influence on the strain rate dependence on stress and temperature, plane boundaries were obtained by welding together two polycrystals of Cu-Zn alloys having the face centered cubic and body centered cubic structures respectively following the procedure described in (1). These specimens were then deformed in shear along the interface on a creep machine (2) at the same temperature as that of the diffusion treatment so as to avoid any precipitation. The present paper reports observations by conventional and high voltage electron microscopy of the microstructure of both phases, in the vicinity of the phase boundary, after different creep tests corresponding to various deformation conditions.Foils were cut by spark machining out of the bulk samples, 0.2 mm thick. They were then electropolished down to 0.1 mm, after which a hole with thin edges was made in an area including the boundary

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