On Trust and Disgust: Evidence From Face Reading and Virtual Reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Kugler ◽  
Bohan Ye ◽  
Daphna Motro ◽  
Charles N. Noussair
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Reading Technology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Reading ◽  
The Relationship

We report three studies exploring the relationship between disgust and trust. Study 1a measured emotions using face-reading technology while participants played a repeated trust game. We observed a negative correlation between trust and disgust. Study 1b employed self-reports along with the face reader. The self-report procedure adversely affected participants’ emotional state and eliminated the correlation between trust and other emotions. Study 2 induced incidental disgust or sadness using virtual reality and manipulated participants’ awareness of the source of their emotions. Disgusted participants judged others as less trustworthy and sent less in a trust game than sad or control participants. An interaction indicated that awareness of the source of emotions eliminated the effect. Our data are consistent with the association between disgust and harsher moral judgments and suggest that disgust is antithetical to the building of trust. However, the association disappears if individuals are aware that their disgust is unrelated to the setting.

STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT OF ADOLESCENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neetu Khokhar
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Mental Experience ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The youth is said to be the future of the nation upon which the destiny of the country depends to a large extent. Most of the students during adolescence suffer from frustrations, conflicts, complexes, anxieties and worries. They experience problems in physical, mental, social, emotional and other adjustments. Since, it is encountered by students during psychologically disturbing and difficult years of their adolescence; it is consequently major mental experience for most of them. However, whatever is needed is an understanding of their adjustment problems and thereby seeking the solution of those problems. Therefore, it becomes an important area of studying their adjustment problems. This study has been taken to know the relationship between emotional intelligence and social adjustment in adolescents because emotional intelligence includes traits like self-awareness, social deftness, and the ability to delay gratification, to be optimistic in the face of adversity, to channel strong emotions and show empathy towards others. It involves recognition, use, understanding and management of one’s and others emotional state to solve problems and regulate behavior.

Self-Reported Smoking and Measurement of Expired Air Carbon Monoxide in a Clinical Treatment

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisardo Becoña ◽  
Fernando L. Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioral Program ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Expired Air

In this study was evaluated the relationship between self-reported smoking rate and expired air carbon monoxide in 208 smokers who had attended a behavioral program for smoking cessation. A close relationship between carbon monoxide levels and self-reports was found at the end of treatment and in all follow-ups (6 and 12 mo.), around 100% concordance. Thus, support was found for the use of an expired air carbon monoxide measure as a valid and easy way of corroborating self-report data when required.

scholarly journals Concordantie en meerwaarde van informant- versus zelfrapportage bij persoonlijkheidsdiagnostiek: een systematische review

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Systematische Review ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Both in personality assessment and scientific research, self-report questionnaires are frequently used, yet the use of informant-report is increasing. The aim of this systematic review is to address the concordance and added value of informant- versus self-report in measuring personality pathology in (older) adults. Method: A systematic search has been carried out for relevant literature published between 2000 and 2018, via the databases Scopus, PsychINFO and PubMED. Also the reference lists of included articles have been checked, resulting in an inclusion of 46 studies. Results: The concordance between informant- and self-report appears to be only moderate, but highest when the relationship is characterized by interpersonal intimacy (such as between partners). The concordance between informants is somewhat better than between informant- and self -reports. Informants have an added value over self-report in the context of externalizing personality traits and interpersonal functioning. In addition, they appear to be a better predictor for health, adaptability and professional functioning. Self-report on the other hand captures intrapsychic characteristics more thoroughly. Conclusion: In personality assessment, informant- and self-reports could be complementary. However, empirical research among older adults is almost uncharted territory and deserves more attention.

scholarly journals Of Predators and Preys: Corporate Psychopathy and Employee Burnout as Parallels

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Adebukola E. Oyewunmi ◽  
David M. Akinnusi ◽  
Olabode A. Oyewunmi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Employee Burnout ◽  
Corporate Psychopathy ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Setting ◽  
Report Measure

Different personalities constitute modern workplaces. One of such personalities is the corporate psychopath, whose presence poses manifold threats to organizational existence. This study examines the personality of the corporate psychopath and specifically investigates the relationship between corporate psychopathy and employee burnout. A total of 104 respondents within a university setting in Nigeria completed measures of corporate psychopathy to establish the existence of the traits in their managers; a self-report measure of employee burnout was also completed. Corporate psychopathy correlates positively and significantly with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal accomplishment. Results indicate that corporate psychopathy is an underlying factor of employee burnout. Enhanced whistleblowing structures and ethical regeneration are proffered to mitigate the consequences of corporate psychopathy in the face of cultural complexes that fan its flames.

scholarly journals Automated and rapid self-report of nociception in transgenic mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Black ◽  
Anusha B. Allawala ◽  
Kiernan Bloye ◽  
Kevin N. Vanent ◽  
Muhammad M. Edhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Specific Stimulation ◽  
Nociceptive Input ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractA time-resolved, conscious report of detected nociceptive stimuli in mice offers an opportunity to examine the relationship between higher order neural circuits and pain perception. We have developed a detection behavior in transgenic mice that leverages temporally precise and cell-specific stimulation to elicit self-reports of nociception. Conscious reporting of peripheral nociceptive input may help identify neural mechanisms that generate pain perception.

Diabetics' Self-Report of Medical Utilization: A Test of Validity

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1160-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Daniel Turkat
Keyword(s):  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Medical Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
The Relationship

This report details a test of the validity of long-term estimates of medical utilization rate among a chronically ill population. The relationship between diabetics' reported frequencies of ambulatory visits to the Diabetes Center over an 18-mo. period and clinic recorded data were evaluated. A high, positive, and significant correlation was observed, providing support for the validity of self-reports. An unexpected finding was that 60% of the subjects over-estimated frequency of clinic visits. The need for empirical assessment of this commonly used measure is discussed.

Relationship between Visual and Motor Imagery

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura P. McAvinue ◽  
Ian H. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Implicit Motor ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between visual and motor imagery was investigated by administering a battery of visual and motor imagery measures to a sample of 101 men ( n = 49) and women ( n = 52), who ranged in age from 18 to 59 ( M=34.5, SD=12.6). A principal components analysis applied to the correlation matrix indicated four underlying components, which explained 62.9% of the variance. The components were named Implicit Visual Imagery Ability, Self-report of Visual and Motor Imagery, Implicit Motor Imagery Ability, and Explicit Motor Imagery Ability. These results suggested a dissociation between visual and motor imagery although visual and motor imagery were associated as self-reports and there were correlations among particular measures.

scholarly journals Self-perception but not peer reputation of bullying victimization is associated with non-clinical psychotic experiences in adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Gromann ◽  
F. A. Goossens ◽  
T. Olthof ◽  
J. Pronk ◽  
L. Krabbendam
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Victim Status ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Peer Nomination ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Peer Report ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundBullying victimization may be linked to psychosis but only self-report measures of victimization have been used so far. This study aimed (a) to investigate the differential associations of peer-nominated versus self-reported victim status with non-clinical psychotic experiences in a sample of young adolescents, and (b) to examine whether different types of self-reported victimization predict non-clinical psychotic experiences in these adolescents.MethodA combination of standard self-report and peer nomination procedures was used to assess victimization. The sample (n = 724) was divided into four groups (exclusively self-reported victims, self- and peer-reported victims, exclusively peer-reported victims, and non-victims) to test for a group effect on non-clinical psychotic experiences. The relationship between types of victimization and non-clinical psychotic experiences was examined by a regression analysis.ResultsSelf-reported victims, along with self- and peer-reported victims, scored higher than peer-reported victims and non-victims on non-clinical psychotic experiences. Self-reports of direct relational, indirect relational and physical victimization significantly improved the prediction of non-clinical psychotic experiences whereas verbal and possession-directed victimization had no significant predictive value.ConclusionsThe relationship between victimization and non-clinical psychotic experiences is only present for self-reported victimization, possibly indicative of an interpretation bias. The observed discrepancy between self-report and peer-report highlights the importance of implementing a combination of both measures for future research.

Assessing Social Desirability in Family Self-Report

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Fristad
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Assessment ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Pencil And Paper ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Suppressor Variable

This study focused on social desirability in family members' self-reports. 32 clinical families (93 family members) were given self-report measures from the McMaster and Circumplex family-assessment models and a measure of social desirability. Clinicians assessed these families on clinical rating scales from the same models. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between self-reports, social desirability scores, and clinicians' ratings. It was expected that social desirability would be a suppressor variable (i.e., when accounted for, the similarity between clinicians' and family members' ratings would be enhanced). This did not occur; instead, social desirability was significantly but negatively correlated with ratings of pathology. Results provide evidence that correcting for social desirability on clinical pencil-and-paper tests is not supported.

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