scholarly journals Turkey-US Relations in the Context of the Syrian Conflict: from Cooperation to Confrontation

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Nezir AKYEŞILMEN ◽  
Vanessa Tinker ◽  
Mohammed Ishmeal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
Syrian Conflict ◽  
The Relationship

Turkey and the United States of America have been strategic partners for over seven decades. Nevertheless, their relationship has not always been a smooth one, and the two countries have encountered temporary bilateral crises from time to time. In spite of the challenges, over the years, the NATO allies – the United States and Turkey have continued to reaffirm their commitment to cooperate with each other as “strategic partners.” However, the ensuing Syrian crisis has brought the relationship between the allies to an all-time historic low. This study examines Turkey-US relations in the context of the ongoing Syrian conflict using a conflict analysis framework. With this framework, we analyze the historical background, identify the root causes of the crisis and conduct an actor analysis. Based on our findings, we provide policy recommendations to de-escalate and transform the current crisis in US-Turkey relations in order to both restore their mutual trust and find new ways to cooperate as strategic partners.

SYRIAN CRISIS: HISTORY AND CURRENT POLITICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
V. M. Akhmedov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
Syrian Conflict ◽  
External Actors ◽  
Further Development

The article studies main developments, implications and results of the 10 year Syrian crisis. The author pays special attention to the historical preconditions that caused those events in Syria, focusing on actual political, social, economic, ethnic, ideological, regional, and international dimensions of the Syrian crisis based on historical background. The author tries to make some forecasts about further development of the current situation in Syria in view of abilities to peacefully resolve the conflict by political instruments rather than military options. The publication tends to study new tendencies in the Syrian crisis development. The author argues that today the Syrian conflict is developing in a different paradigm that can be tentatively designated as the “post-terrorist” stage in the Syrian uprising. Main attention is paid to Russia’s politics in Syria and its ability to rebuild the main institutions of the Syrian state. Political steps and tendencies of major regional and international players in the Syrian crisis are analysed. In this regard the author supposes and demonstrates in this article that much depends on how Russia, Turkey, Iran, the United States and Israel change the previous agreements on the security system in Syria. The author believes that despite all the complexity of this crisis, peace in Syria is quite possible. A lot depends on political will and the readiness for mutual compromises between key internal and external actors in the Syrian crisis.

Iraq and the mutual accumulation strategy between the international and regional powers: The United States of America and Iran are a model

2020 ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Salah Mahdi Hadi ◽  
Noor Abdul-Ilah Ajrash
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Hostage Crisis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

The rules of (mutual accumulation strategy) overshadow the history of the crisis relations between the United States of America and Iran four decades ago, and if we recall that, we will notice several collision joints between the two parties, starting with the hostage crisis of the American embassy in Iran from 4/11/1979 to 20 / 1/1981 AD, to the "Marines" attempt to storm this embassy in an operation called "Eagle Claw" on 4/24/1980 AD, to the tanker war in the eighties of the last century, to the exchange of downing drones in 2019, and finally what happened between the United States The United States and Iran from the moment targeting (Qassem Soleimani), commander of the "Quds Force" on 1/3/2020, until the Iranian missile response and targeting of the American forces in the two "Ain al-Assad" bases in Anbar province, and the "Harir" base in Arbil province on 1/8/ 2020 AD, all of this falls within the context of (mutual accumulation strategy) between the two parties, without going to a comprehensive confrontation through war or a knockout, because the logic of war or comprehensive confrontation is outside the political and military mindsets of the two parties, and the meaning of all of this is that turmoil forms the basis of the relationship between the states The The United States and Iran, because the turmoil and the limited clash with it through mutual strikes, do not necessarily lead to an open clash.

scholarly journals Cross-national insights into the relationship between wealth and wellbeing: a comparison between Australia, the United States of America and South Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARANG KIM ◽  
KERRY A. SARGENT-COX ◽  
DAVINA J. FRENCH ◽  
HAL KENDIG ◽  
KAARIN J. ANSTEY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Study ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

ABSTRACTThe positive relationship between wealth and wellbeing has received considerable attention over the last three decades. However, little is known about how the significance of wealth for the health and wellbeing of older adults may vary across societies. Furthermore, researchers tend to focus mainly on income rather than other aspects of financial resources even though older adults often rely on fixed income, particularly after retirement. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey (N=1,431), the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in the United States of America (USA; N=4,687), and the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA; N=5,447), this exploratory cross-national study examined the relationship between wealth satisfaction and objective wealth and wellbeing (measured as self-rated health and life satisfaction) among older Australians, Americans and Koreans (50+ years). Regression analyses showed that wealth satisfaction was associated with wellbeing over and above monetary wealth in all three countries. The relationship between monetary wealth and self-rated health was larger for the US than Australian and Korean samples, while the additional contribution of wealth satisfaction to life satisfaction was larger for the Korean than the Australian and US samples. These findings are discussed in terms of the cultural and economic differences between these countries, particularly as they affect older persons.

scholarly journals The Effects of COVID-19 Quarantine on Online Exam Cheating: A Test of COVID-19 Theoretical Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yousif Abdelrahim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
University Students ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cheating Behavior ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to quantitatively test the newly developed theoretical framework model for the relationship between COVID-19, stress, anxiety, and university students' online exam cheating in the United States of America during COVID-19. The newly developed model primarily explains how COVID-19 quarantine influences university students' levels of anxiety and stress, and therefore, influences the frequency of online exam cheating behavior among college students. The researcher collected primary data of 251 male and female university students in the United States of America via Survey Monkey and tested the six hypotheses using the structural modeling equation technique. The study results confirm that COVID-19 quarantine has a significant relationship with stress and anxiety. The relationship between COVID-19 quarantine and stress is more significant than the relationship between COVID-19 quarantine and anxiety. The results also validate the significant and positive relationship between COVID-19 quarantine and stress and COVID-19 quarantine and anxiety. COVID-19 quarantine causes more anxiety than stress among university students, influencing students' behavior to cheat more on online exams. Theoretically, this study Translates a qualitative research question from a prior study that developed the COVID-19 theoretical framework into an accurate prediction of anticipated outcomes. This study also develops a conceptual framework for the relationship between COVID-19, anxiety, stress, and online exam cheating. Besides, this study refined six hypotheses from previously generated propositions. Finally, the study results could be used as general guidelines for university educators and administrators when thinking and deciding on exams, assignments, and how to monitor online exams.

scholarly journals A CULTURA DA INSTABILIDADE POLÍTICA E A REAPROXIMAÇÃO DA AMÉRICA DO SUL COM OS ESTADOS UNIDOS

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Carlos De Oliveira de Castro ◽  
Sonia Ranincheski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Context ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the recent foreign policy of the Andean countries, Venezuela, Ecuador and Bolivia, considering the relationship with the United States and the situation of political crises in these countries. We discuss the national context of each country and the consequences for external relations and international politics of each and of the region. We address United States interests in the effects of the current crisis in the three countries and highlight the importance of political culture for understanding reality.

Insurgent Aztlán: The Liberating Power of Cultural Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-456
Author(s):  
Armando A. Arias
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
South West ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship

This is a book review of Insurgent Aztlán: The Liberating Power of Cultural Resistance, written by Ernesto Todd Mireles and published in 2020 by Somos en escrito Literary Foundation Press in Berkeley, California. As the subtitle indicates, this book is about the liberating power of cultural resistance, and in this case the subjects of cultural resistance are Mexican Americans in the South West of the United States of America (USA) who identify themselves as Xicanos. The author, who is a Xicano scholar and organizer, reconstructs the relationship between social and political insurgent theory and Xicano literature, films and myths. Based on decades of organizing experience and a scholarly review of the writings of recognized observers and leaders of national liberation movements, the author provides a remarkable work of scholarship that incorporates not only the essence of earlier resistance writing but also provides a new paradigm of liberation for the particular situation of Mexican Americans in the USA.

Economic cooperation of Canada with the Asia-Pacific countries in the energy sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dmitrievna Filina ◽  
Galina Viktorovna Tretyakova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Trade ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to an urgent problem of our time — the integration of Canadian energy markets into the energy markets of the Asia-Pacifi c region. Canada’s economy is currently the 16th largest in the world in terms of GDP and is heavily dependent on international trade, whose prosperity is inextricably linked to external markets and the ability to access those markets. In turn, China, Japan, and South Korea are the world’s largest importers of crude oil and liquefi ed natural gas. The purpose of this work is to investigate how exactly interactions between these countries are built on the market, in addition, to explore the building of relationships in a given region. The scientifi c novelty of the work is to consider the relationship between the countries of the Asia-Pacifi c region and Canada, not only based on recently signed agreements but also with the involvement of the opinions and works of modern experts in the fi eld of international energy. The study examines the reasons for the need to enter the energy markets of Canada in the Asia-Pacifi c region, and also analyzes the dependence of the Canadian economy on the economy of the United States of America. Besides, the comprehensive and progressive agreement on the Trans-Pacifi c Partnership — CPTPP, signed in 2018 by Canada and the Indo-Pacifi c countries, was examined. As a result of the study, the need to change the course of Canada’s energy exports towards the Asia-Pacifi c region was substantiated; in addition, the importance of Canada’s energy markets for Asian countries was revealed.

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