scholarly journals BRIDGING TOGETHER AUTHORITARIAN RIGHT-WING POLITICS AND NEOLIBERAL URBAN POLITICS: ISTANBUL’S BID FOR 2020 SUMMER OLYMPICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
YAVUZ YAVUZ
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The City ◽  
Bidding Process

This study aims to analyse the political impact of sports mega-events through urban lenses. Sports mega-events often come along with drastic transformations in the built environment of the city where they are held. Contemporary urban impact of the sports mega-events, with the increased role rested by local and/or national governments on the private sector in the organization, is highly interconnected with the neoliberal measures of selling out the urban space, undertaken for hosting the event. In terms of the hosts, there is an increasing shift towards the countries where right-wing authoritarian parties are in power. I argue that the promises of these governments guaranteeing more swift urban transformations to meet the infrastructure requirements of hosting these events cause this shift and in turn, right-wing authoritarian governments use these events as platforms for disseminating their ideologies.  This research aims to trace this trend, based on the example of İstanbul’s failed bid to host the 2020 Summer Olympics and the neoliberal urban policies in Turkey under the Justice and Development Party (AKP). By using the city master plan presented during the bidding process and the statements made by AKP officials, I aim to demonstrate how hosting international sports events in Turkey is undertaken as part of a neoliberal urban policy and how this is incorporated into a wider conservative-Islamist political project by the AKP.

scholarly journals Preserving the (right kind of) city: The urban politics of the middle classes in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2163-2180
Author(s):  
Mara Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Since re-democratisation, Brazil has experienced a slow but continuous process of urban reform, with the introduction of legal and institutional developments that favour participatory democracy in urban policy. Legal innovations such as the City Statute have been celebrated for expanding the ‘right to the city’ to marginalised populations. While most studies examine the struggles of the urban poor, I focus on middle-class citizens, showing how such legal developments have unevenly affected the ways in which different social groups are able to impact the production of urban space. The two cases explored in this study concern residents’ struggles to preserve their middle-class neighbourhoods against change triggered by projects related to the hosting of the 2014 World Cup in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The first looks at the Musas Street residents’ fight against the construction of a luxury hotel in their neighbourhood, while the second examines the Pampulha residents’ struggle against the presence of street vendors and football fans in their streets. My findings show that through the articulation of legal discourses, middle-class claims on the need for preserving the environment and the city’s cultural heritage are legitimised by the actions of the local state. The article thus looks beyond neoliberalism, showing that socio-spatial segregation and inequality should not be regarded solely as the product of state–capital alliances for engendering capital accumulation through spatial restructuring, but also as the result of the uneven capacities of those living in the city to access the state resources and legitimise certain forms of inhabitance of urban space.

scholarly journals O ESTADO BRASILEIRO E A POLÍTICA URBANA:

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-194
Author(s):  
Joabio Alekson Cortez Costa ◽  
Júlia Diniz de Oliveira ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Junior
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Space Production ◽  
The City

RESUMO   No Brasil, verifica-se um crescimento populacional nas cidades, aumento da demanda por moradia, emprego, serviços de saúde, educação, saneamento básico e lazer. Dadas as limitações econômicas e a própria incapacidade das gestões municipais em lidar com essas questões, observa-se um agravamento dos problemas sociais e ambientais, com repercussões diretas na qualidade de vida da população, sobretudo, daquela parcela menos abastada. Diante disso, políticas urbanas foram adotadas pelo Estado brasileiro no intuito de orientar o desenvolvimento urbano do país. Sob este prima, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reflexões sobre a efetividade do Estatuto da Cidade (2001). Para tanto, inicialmente, discute-se a produção do espaço urbano e os agentes de sua produção, tomando por base as obras de Carlos (2008, 2011) e Corrêa (1989, 2011), em seguida, aborda-se a trajetória da Política Urbana no Brasil, e a exposição de algumas críticas direcionadas ao Estatuto da Cidade e o plano diretor, tendo como referência os escritos de Souza (2010) e Maricato (2001). Ao final, conclui-se que, apesar dos avanços e inovações presentes na nova lei, principalmente no que se referem à gestão democrática da cidade, questões essenciais como a permanência da estrutura fundiária e o combate à especulação imobiliária continuam irresolutas e constituem entraves ao desenvolvimento urbano justo e igualitário.   Palavras-chave: Produção do espaço. Agentes de produção. Política urbana. Estatuto da cidade. Plano diretor.   ABSTRACT   In Brazil, it turns out a population growth in cities, increasing demand for housing, employment, health services, education, basic sanitation and leisure. Given the economic limitations and the municipal administrations own inability to deal with those issues, it’s observed an aggravation of social and environmental problems, with direct repercussions on the population’s life quality, especially of that less wealthy portion. Given that, urban policies were adopted by the Brazilian State in order to guide the country urban development. Under this concept, this article aims to present some reflections on the City Statute (2001) effectiveness. To do so, initially discusses the urban space production and the agents of its production, based on Carlos’ (2008, 2011) and Corrêa’s (1989, 2011) works, then it approaches the Brazil Urban Politics trajectory, and the exposition of some criticisms directed to the City Statute and the master plan, having as reference the writings of Souza (2010) and Maricato (2001). In the end, it is concluded that, despite the advances and innovations present in the new law, especially regarding the city democratic management, essential issues such as the land structure permanence and the fight against real estate speculation remain unresolved and constitute obstacles to the fair and equitable urban development.   Keywords: Space production. Production agents. Urban policy.  City statute. Master plan.

scholarly journals Post-Industrial Transformations of the Old-Industrial Districts of Kharkiv

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Olha Suptelo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Local Level ◽  
New Urbanism ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Tactical Urbanism ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
The City

The basic principles of the concept of “new” urbanism and the liberalization of urban policy contributed to the involvement of local people in the planning and management of urban space. In such conditions, the question of theoretical and practical components of the urban studies at different levels of the city functioning receives high importance. The concept of socio-geosystem suggests that changes, even at the lowest levels, lead to transformation of the entire system. The purpose of this study is to analyze the theoretical background and practical foundations of the implementation of the principles of “new” urbanism at the local level of urban socio-geosystems. This analysis allows assessing the current state of urban space and identifying problems and prospects for its further development. The basis of this study is the use of systematic and synergistic approaches to the study of the city. The selected research site, an old-industrial district in the central part of Kharkiv, is an example of traditional urban transformations in Eastern Ukraine, the main feature of which is fragmentation. Within the study site, almost all major urban functional areas were combined. Such process as neo-industrialization is combined with deindustrialization, and depression with renewal and revitalization, at the same time. The main identified problem of development of such areas can be considered the lack of planning for their development. The result is low social involvement of local residents in urban transformations, which is primarily the consequence of existing social problems. Instead, it is “tactical” urbanism at the local and intralocal levels that can be considered the basis of urban transformations that take into account the views of the community.

scholarly journals Trans-urban Networks of Learning, Mega Events and Policy Tourism

Urban Studies ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2519-2535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Cook ◽  
Kevin Ward
Keyword(s):  
Urban Politics ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Policy Learning ◽  
Urban Networks ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Learning Network ◽  
Commonwealth Games ◽  
The City

This paper argues for a rethinking of our understanding of what and where go into the ‘urban’ in the New Urban Politics (NUP). It contends that these issues have always been more complex, complicated and, most importantly, contested than has sometimes appeared to be the case in the literature. Using the example of one trans-urban policy learning network—that around the city of Manchester’s bids for the Olympic and Commonwealth Games—the paper makes the case for taking seriously the politics around comparison and referencing in making possible the NUP. It argues that there is a need to study the circuits, networks and webs in and through which urban knowledge and learning are constituted and moved around, and that often underpin the territorial outcomes that have been the traditional focus of scholars working on the NUP.

Producing Urban Space

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-112
Author(s):  
Dolly Kikon ◽  
Duncan McDuie-Ra
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Village Level ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This chapter analyses the efforts to make Dimapur more city-like. Beginning with attempts to hold municipal elections with reserved seats for women in 2017, we navigate the deeply contentious politics around the classification and re-classification of space in the city. As the largest city in a tribal state, Dimapur is an experiment in the production of legible urban space in areas with customary law and constitutional protection. At present the experiment is provoking deep anxieties. Producing legible urban space from the collection of settlements, villages, barracks, commercial zones, ceasefire camps, encroached tracts, and wastelands under various socio-legal regimes is rarely coherent and often chaotic. We argue that the city is a space to challenge and transgress customary law in ways unthinkable at the village level. However, transgression was a catalyst for crisis, a scenario likely to remain constant in urban politics for the conceivable future.

Scripting the City: Street Food, Urban Policy, and Neoliberal Redevelopment in Vancouver, Canada

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenore Lauri Newman ◽  
Katherine Alexandra Newman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Municipal Policy ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Food Trucks ◽  
City Street ◽  
The City

The reintroduction of food trucks to Vancouver responds to widespread public demand, yet has also been taken up as another tool of urban governance. Licensing restrictions are used to further municipal policy priorities, thus incorporating street food into city branding and urban redevelopment strategies. Although crafted to foster liveability, food truck licensing is also expected to advance the goal of making Vancouver the Greenest City and to project an image of a healthy, sustainable, multicultural city. While street food is being made increasingly accessible, it is simultaneously becoming a tool of biopolitical regulation. As food trucks participate in shaping urban space, they risk contributing to gentrification and the displacement of the very residents this increased accessibility is meant to serve.

Impact of Mega-Events on Uses of City Squares - Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Guangzhou Flower City Square

2013 ◽  
Vol 409-410 ◽  
pp. 933-940
Author(s):  
Yi Huang ◽  
Shuo Xian Wu
Keyword(s):  
City Image ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The North ◽  
The Media ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Lying to the north of the Haixinsha Island, where the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of 2010 Asian Games were hosted, the Flower City Square (the Square) by itself forms an integral part of the new Central Axis of Guangzhou. Thanks to the media publicity of the Asian Games, the Square has now become a household name in Guangzhou and China. Relating major sports events with city squares, as in this case, taking advantage of the Asian Games to foster a festival atmosphere on the Square and present a spectacular metropolitan view, is proven to be a very effective measure to brush up the city image. This paper, based on a two-year survey on the Square, the record of spatial annotation analysis on uses of the Square, and questionnaire surveys involving the randomly selected visitors on the Square, compares the uses of the Square during and 2 years after the 2010 Asian Games through the means of Frequency Analysis, probes into the visitors satisfaction degree on the Square and its evaluation factors with the Factor Analysis Method, and demonstrates the impact of mega-events on the city squares and its implications.

scholarly journals POST-CATASTROPHIC CITY TEXT: THE CITY READING IN THE CITY IN THE POSTWAR EAST AND CENTRAL EUROPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Uilleam Blacker
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Literary Practice ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World ◽  
Practice Literature

In the material, the author addresses a multidimensional memory problem - not only as a constituent of social life but also as a feature of its functioning in urban space. The author presents the interpretations of memory against the background of urban transformations. The complexity and multidimensionality of this phenomenon are emphasized not only in the usual methodological field but also in literary practice. Literature acts as a means of accumulating memory despite the disappearance or destruction of one or the other in urban space. The traumatic experience is of particular importance. The example of the twentieth century reflects the various cases of the existence of memories of the tragic past. Kyiv, Lviv, Wroclaw, Kaliningrad and several other cities during the Second World War have faced the transformation of the usual landscape. That was both the realities of time and the policies against certain groups who have been harassed and destroyed. The practice of work and interaction with one or another component of the past, measures of governmental bodies are analyzed. After these tragic periods, the memory in a peculiar manner was lost. The cities in the region in one way or another came to return and actualization of this experience in the modern world. Critical in this process is the literary practice that "returns" and "opens" the memory of urban space. Complex topics require the involvement of a large number of disciplines in order to form an objective vision of the urban past.

scholarly journals La ciudad deportiva: un modelo integrador y movilizador (The sports city: an integrating and mobilizing model)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 1025-1036
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Diago Alzate ◽  
Diana Piedrahita ◽  
Jhon Yeimer Santos Segura ◽  
Juan Luiz Zapata Fuscaldo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Mega Events ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
City Model ◽  
Investigación Cualitativa ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

  Las denominadas ciudades deportivas se configuran como una especialización inteligente que va más allá de la capacidad de la localidad para realizar grandes eventos y megaeventos deportivos. Ser una ciudad deportiva implica la unión de diferentes stakeholders del deporte a través de diversas políticas públicas encaminadas a potencializar la transversalidad del deporte como herramienta que promueve el bienestar de los ciudadanos. Para los efectos de este propósito, se ha desarrollado una investigación cualitativa basada en la teoría fundamentada, proceso de carácter inductivo donde son los datos y su profundización los que orientan el desarrollo de la perspectiva teórica. Los resultados permitieron conceptualizar la  ciudad deportiva y la aproximación hacia un modelo integrador el cual está compuesto por: pilares, sistema, actores, impacto y como eje central el deporsistema donde interactúan y se interrelacionan cinco componentes bióticos/abióticos, materiales o conceptuales que cumplen un propósito y como en la Gestalt “el todo es más que la suma de las partes”. A través de este modelo de ciudad, se pretende generar un instrumento proyectivo, facilitador del aseguramiento de estrategias que guiarán a la gobernanza del  deporte en el diseño de un modelo propio adaptado al entorno, oportunidades,  retos, fortalezas, necesidades y prioridades de la población. Ratificando la relevancia del deporte en la planificación a largo plazo de la ciudad contemporánea.  Abstract. The purpose of this article is to highlight how the so-called sports cities have managed to become an intelligent specialization that goes beyond the disposition of the city to carry out large sports events and mega-events. Being a sports city implies the union of different sports stakeholders through various strategies and public policies aimed at strengthening the mainstreaming of sport as a tool that promotes the well-being of citizens. For the purposes of this purpose, a qualitative research based on grounded theory has been developed, an inductive process where the data and its deepening are the ones that guide the development of the theoretical perspective. The results allowed the definition of a sports city and the approach towards an integrating model which is composed of: pillars, system, actors, impact and as the central axis the deporsystem where five biotic / abiotic, material or conceptual components interact and interrelate. they serve a purpose and as in Gestalt “the whole is more than the sum of the parts”. Through this city model, it is intended to generate a projective instrument, facilitating the assurance of strategies that will guide sport stakeholders, in the design of their own model adapted to their context, needs and desires of the population, in addition to the forward-looking governance planning. Ratifying the importance of sport in the future planning of the contemporary city.

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