Trends in health care–associated infections in acute care hospitals in Canada: an analysis of repeated point-prevalence surveys

Despite limited indications, redundant anaerobic antimicrobial prescriptions (RAAPs) are frequent. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of RAAPs in German acute care hospitals. In a retrospective data analysis, antimicrobial prescriptions from a point prevalence survey on antimicrobial use in German acute care hospitals in 2016 were analyzed and RAAPs were identified. RAAPs were defined as a patient simultaneously receiving any of the following combinations: Penicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor (PenBLI) plus clindamycin; PenBLI plus metronidazole; PenBLI plus moxifloxacin; PenBLI plus carbapenem; carbapenem plus clindamycin; carbapenem plus metronidazole; carbapenem plus moxifloxacin; clindamycin plus metronidazole; clindamycin plus moxifloxacin; and metronidazole plus moxifloxacin. Data from 64,412 patients in 218 hospitals were included. Overall, 4486 patients (7%) received two or more antimicrobials. In total, 441 RAAP combinations were identified. PenBLI plus metronidazole was the most common anaerobic combination (N = 166, 38%). The majority of RAAPs were for the treatment of community-acquired (N = 258, 59%) infections. Lower respiratory tract infections (N = 77; 20%) and skin/soft tissue infections (N = 76; 20%) were the most frequently recorded types of infections. RAAPs are common in German hospitals. Reducing redundant antimicrobial coverage should be a key component of future antimicrobial stewardship activities.

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The Prevalence of Health Care-Associated Infections and Risk Factors in a University Hospital

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina48080059 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Greta Gailienė ◽

Zita Gierasimovič ◽

Daiva Petruševičienė ◽

Aušra Macijauskienė

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care ◽

Acute Care ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

University Hospital ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Antimicrobial Use ◽

Health Care Associated Infections

The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of health care-associated infections, risk factors, and antimicrobial use. Material and Methods. The study was carried out as a point-prevalence study in acute care wards, i.e., intensive care, surgical, and medical wards, at Vilnius University Hospital Santariškių Klinikos in April 2010. The study variables included the patient’s general data, indwelling devices, surgery, infection and its microbiological investigation, and antimicrobial use. All the variables that were logically related or had a P value of <0.25 in the univariate analysis were included in the stepwise logistic regression in order to study the factors potentially associated with health careassociated infections. Results. A total of 731 patients were surveyed. The overall prevalence rate of health care-associated infections was 3.8%. The prevalence of health care-associated infections differed by hospital wards (range 0.0%–19.2%). The lower respiratory tract (32.2%), urinary tract (28.5%), and surgical site infections (32.1%) were the most common health care-associated infections. Moreover, 89.3% of the cases of health care-associated infections were microbiologically investigated. Staphylococcus aureus (28.6%) and Escherichia coli (19.1%) were the most frequently isolated microorganisms. The use of one or more invasive devices was recorded in 332 patients (45.4%). Of the surveyed patients, 20.2% received antimicrobial agents. The most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents were fluoroquinolones (21.1%), broad-spectrum penicillins (19.1%), and first- or second-generation cephalosporins (18.6%). Conclusions. The prevalence of health care-associated infections was found to be similar to the reported overall prevalence rate of health care-associated infections in acute care hospitals in Lithuania.

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Health-care-associated infections in neonates, children, and adolescents: an analysis of paediatric data from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control point-prevalence survey

The Lancet Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/s1473-3099(16)30517-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 381-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Walter Zingg ◽

Susan Hopkins ◽

Angèle Gayet-Ageron ◽

Alison Holmes ◽

Mike Sharland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Disease Prevention ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Control Point ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Point Prevalence Survey ◽

Health Care Associated Infections ◽

And Control

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Correlation Between Tennessee Antibiotic Use Point Prevalence Survey and NHSN AUR Module in Four Acute Care Hospitals

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1326 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S511-S511

Author(s):

Christopher Evans ◽

Raphaelle Beard ◽

Zina Gugkaeva ◽

Brooke Stayer ◽

Candice Simpson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Care ◽

Acute Care Hospitals ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Point Prevalence Survey

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Healthcare-associated pneumonia in acute care hospitals in European Union/European Economic Area countries: an analysis of data from a point prevalence survey, 2011 to 2012

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.32.1700843 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (32) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jan Walter ◽

Sebastian Haller ◽

Chantal Quinten ◽

Tommi Kärki ◽

Benedikt Zacher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Acute Care ◽

Acute Care Hospitals ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

European Economic Area ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

European Economic ◽

Point Prevalence Survey ◽

Economic Area ◽

Healthcare Associated

An aim of the ECDC point prevalence survey (PPS) in European Union/European Economic Area acute care hospitals was to acquire standardised healthcare-associated infections (HAI) data. We analysed one of the most common HAIs in the ECDC PPS, healthcare-associated pneumonia (HAP). Standardised HAI case definitions were provided and countries were advised to recruit nationally representative subsets of hospitals. We calculated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) around prevalence estimates and adjusted for clustering at hospital level. Of 231,459 patients in the survey, 2,902 (1.3%; 95% CI: 1.2–1.3) fulfilled the case definition for a HAP. HAPs were most frequent in intensive care units (8.1%; 95% CI: 7.4–8.9) and among patients intubated on the day of the survey (15%; 95% CI: 14–17; n = 737 with HAP). The most frequently reported microorganism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17% of 1,403 isolates), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (12%) and Klebsiella spp. (12%). Antimicrobial resistance was common among isolated microorganisms. The most frequently prescribed antimicrobial group was penicillins, including combinations with beta-lactamase inhibitors. HAPs occur regularly among intubated and non-intubated patients, with marked differences between medical specialities. HAPs remain a priority for preventive interventions, including surveillance. Our data provide a reference for future prevalence of HAPs at various settings.

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Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections, estimated incidence and composite antimicrobial resistance index in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities: results from two European point prevalence surveys, 2016 to 2017

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.46.1800516 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (46) ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Carl Suetens ◽

Katrien Latour ◽

Tommi Kärki ◽

Enrico Ricchizzi ◽

Pete Kinross ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Acute Care ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Acute Care Hospitals ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Healthcare Associated Infections ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Healthcare Associated

Point prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and antimicrobial use in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) from 2016 to 2017 included 310,755 patients from 1,209 acute care hospitals (ACH) in 28 countries and 117,138 residents from 2,221 long-term care facilities (LTCF) in 23 countries. After national validation, we estimated that 6.5% (cumulative 95% confidence interval (cCI): 5.4–7.8%) patients in ACH and 3.9% (95% cCI: 2.4–6.0%) residents in LTCF had at least one HAI (country-weighted prevalence). On any given day, 98,166 patients (95% cCI: 81,022–117,484) in ACH and 129,940 (95% cCI: 79,570–197,625) residents in LTCF had an HAI. HAI episodes per year were estimated at 8.9 million (95% cCI: 4.6–15.6 million), including 4.5 million (95% cCI: 2.6–7.6 million) in ACH and 4.4 million (95% cCI: 2.0–8.0 million) in LTCF; 3.8 million (95% cCI: 3.1–4.5 million) patients acquired an HAI each year in ACH. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected AMR markers was 31.6% in ACH and 28.0% in LTCF. Our study confirmed a high annual number of HAI in healthcare facilities in the EU/EEA and indicated that AMR in HAI in LTCF may have reached the same level as in ACH.

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