Willingness-to-pay for Environmental Services Provided By Trees in Core and Fringe Areas of Benin City, Nigeria 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.J. Arabomen ◽  
P.W. Chirwa ◽  
F.D. Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Direct Argument ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Scenic Beauty ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Valuation Method

Economic valuation of environmental services has emerged as a new and more direct argument and incentive for protection of trees and sustenance of environmental quality. This study's aim was to estimate the monetary value for conservation of urban trees and environmental services in Benin City, Nigeria. A Contingent Valuation Method involving a survey of 350 residents was adopted for the study. Flooding and erosion control, scenic beauty, provision of shade and regulation of local temperature received positive rankings and high scores. Thus, an average of US$1.20/month, which yielded an aggregate value of US$1 200 000 to US$1 860 00, was the amount Benin City residents were willing to contribute towards the conservation of trees. This study identified profession, years of residency and indigenous knowledge of ES as significant predictors that can influence willingness-to-pay. The findings provided quantitative data to demonstrate the importance of conserving trees to town planners, forest managers, policy makers and the urban community.

scholarly journals CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) OF SPECIAL TAX FOR NON-GREEN VEHICLES TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Sharul Shahida Shakrein Safian ◽  
Hanny Zurina Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Green Vehicles

The use of the green concept in the automotive industry as an energy-efficient transport innovation is still regarded as a new technology in Malaysia. It also has the potential to alleviate environmental issues in order to improve environmental performance in the automotive industry context. As such, the significance of green technology has become a growing concern, especially among developing countries. The purpose of this study is to determine consumers’ willingness to pay for green vehicles towards solving environmental issues in Malaysia. In order to achieve this, the consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) and their preferences were examined using the contingent valuation method (CVM) as found in previous studies. Data was gathered using survey questionnaires which were distributed among 445 Malaysians so as to know their preferences in terms of green vehicles and green practices. The data was analyzed using the Economic Valuation Method. The result shows that Malaysians are willing to pay the price increase in road tax by 6.49% maximum level for non-green vehicles as well as all control variables included in the doubled-bounded case. On the other hand, for a single-bounded case, the maximum value is 7.91% which is higher as respondents were given single WTP amount for acceptance compared to the double-bounded case when the initial WTP was followed by another different amount.

scholarly journals PENILAIAN EKONOMI PENANGKARAN RUSA DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA WAN ABDUL RACHMAN (TAHURA WAR) MENGGUNAKAN METODE KESEDIAAN MEMBAYAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Kevin Ewaldo Kahimpong
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
To Come

Lampung is one of the provinces that has various tourist objects, one of which is the Deer Breeding in Wan Abdul Rachman (WAR) Grand Forest Park (Tahura). Its use as a tourist attracts visitors to come and have recreation. As one of the efforts for sustainable use, it is necessary to carry out an economic valuation. The purpose of this study was to calculate the willingness to pay visitors to the Deer Breeding in Tahura WAR using the willingness to pay method and to estimate the revenue received from the tourist attraction of Tahura WAR Deer Captivity. The method used in this research is the willingness to pay method with the contingent valuation method (CVM) and the total revenue method. The research was conducted from February to March 2020. The respondents selected regarding the purposive sampling method that was 100 people. The results showed that the average value of the willingness to pay visitors in Tahura WAR Deer Breeding was Rp. 12.900,-/person/visit, and acceptance of the Tahura WAR Deer Breeding was Rp. 27.552.00.000,-/year the value obtained from the willingness to pay visitors to a hypothetical market in the form of making deer conservation education packages.

scholarly journals Economic Valuation of Green Electricity Sources in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Muhammad-Jawad Iqbal ◽  
Abdul-Rahim Samad Abdul
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Green Electricity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Bid Price ◽  
The Government

Green electricity, which comes from renewable sources such as wind, hydro and solar, are well appreciated for their being environment friendly. The advantage of these sources are apparent in part of already natural environment. Moreover, this modern form of electricity also contributes in the poverty alleviation in developing countries, which is one of the sustainable development goals (SDG). The objective of this study is to explore electricity consumers’ willingness to pay for the sustainable energy by employing the contingent valuation method (CVM). The respondents were divided into two broad categories of urban and rural consumers. A total of 400 respondents from urban and 405 respondents from rural areas were selected for this study. The CVM calculated the overall price of green electricity for the improvement of environment through increasing the share of electricity from renewable energy sources. The widely used WTP measure double-bounded dichotomous was utilised to elicit the appropriate value of green electricity from the bid price. The results from the logit regressions showed that the respondents with high income and a higher level of education are willing to pay more for green electricity in both urban and rural models. However, results also revealed that the willingness to pay for green electricity is high in younger people than older people. The mean willingness to pay has found 0.33 cents per kWh in the urban model, while is 0.24 in the rural model. The results provided a guideline to the government to charge an appropriate surcharge from the consumers in order to enhance the share of green electricity in energy mix.

scholarly journals Is there a need to audit CVM applications to the environment?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
S Hosking
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
External Audit ◽  
Environmental Goods ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Environmental Goods And Services

It is well known to economists that the contingent valuation method (CVM) fills an important gap in valuation technology with respect to managing public environmental goods and services.   Currently acceptable CVM practice requires many challenging steps to be followed.  One of these important steps is that of assessing the theoretical validity of the household willingness to pay (WTP) finding, but it is far from being a sufficient basis for reaching conclusions as to the credibility predicted community willingness to pay for environmental services.  This paper reviews the step of testing for theoretical validity and challenges its importance relative to other more fundamental assessments of the credibility of the predicted household and societal WTP.  This paper then deduces that an external ‘audit’ assessment may be necessary, in addition to an internal one, for these values to attain credibility in the determination of public choices.

scholarly journals Public support for hosting the Olympic Summer Games in Germany: The CVM approach

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (15) ◽  
pp. 3597-3614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Wicker ◽  
John C Whitehead ◽  
Daniel S Mason ◽  
Bruce K Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Interval Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Hurdle Models ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Intangible Benefits ◽  
Sport Events

Cities and their respective regions must weigh the merits of hosting major sport events, including the Olympic Games. This paper presents a contingent valuation method estimate of the monetary value of intangible benefits to Germans of hosting the Olympic Summer Games. In a nationwide online survey, 6977 respondents said whether they would support a referendum to host the Games. The survey employed a payment card format containing monthly tax amounts to elicit individual willingness-to-pay for the Games over a five-year period. In the weighted sample, 26% expressed an average willingness-to-pay of €51. Willingness-to-pay varied widely across regions. Around Cologne, the average willingness-to-pay was €100. Interval data hurdle models reveal that policy consequentiality and various intangible benefits increased willingness-to-pay. Aggregate willingness-to-pay over a five-year period amounted to €46 billion which exceeded the estimated costs of the 2024 Summer Games for Hamburg. The findings have implications for policy makers since they show what regions within Germany most support hosting the Games.

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of Health Cost of Pesticide Use: Willingness to Pay Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (4II) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Cost ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Continue Research ◽  
Strong Motivation ◽  
Validity Tests

This study highlights the results of contingent valuation method to measure health cost of pesticide use from farmer’s point of view. Analysis shows that farmers have a positive willingness to pay for avoiding pesticide related health risks. Theoretical validity tests show that relevant indicators such as risk perception, previous experience of pesticide related poisoning, education and income are significant predictors for the positive WTP. From the results it is evident that health effects of pesticide use provided motivation for farmers to pay more for practices like IPM that reduce dependence on pesticide use which in turn a strong motivation for policy-makers to continue research on IPM and its implementation. Keywords: Health Cost, WTP, Pesticide Use, IPM.

scholarly journals Valoración económica de las amenidades de un cenote en Pebá, Yucatán, México

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Michelle Ann Callaghan-Capetillo ◽  
Indris Guadalupe Huchim-Lara ◽  
Francisco Iván Hernández-Cuevas ◽  
Bernarda Rodríguez-López ◽  
Montserrat G Cantón-Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Econometric Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Tourist Center

La valoración económica de los servicios ecosistémicos además de contribuir a su conservación, garantiza el uso adecuado de los recursos. En este sentido, el ecoturismo representa una fuerte alternativa para alcanzar el desarrollo rural sustentable, no obstante, es importante realizar estudios sobre la percepción económica de los turistas para fomentar y conservar los recursos naturales ligados a esta actividad. El presente trabajo se basa en el método de valor contingente para estimar la disposición a pagar por la conservación de los servicios ambientales que el cenote de Sambulá, en el Municipio de Pebá del estado de Yucatán, México, provee. El estudio es cuantitativo y de corte transversal ya que para el análisis de los resultados fue utilizado el modelo econométrico probit ordenado. Los resultados muestran que las variables procedencia local y nacional, así como el número de actividades realizadas en el centro turístico indicen de forma positiva en el aumento de probabilidades de disponer mayores cantidades de dinero para la conservación, mientras que la edad y la percepción de limpieza del lugar inciden de forma negativa. Abstract The economic valuation of ecosystem services contributes to their conservation and guarantees the proper use of resources. In this sense, ecotourism represents a reliable alternative to achieve sustainable rural development. However, it is essential to conduct studies on tourists' economic perceptions to promote and conserve the natural resources linked to this activity. The present work is based on the contingent valuation method to estimate the willingness to pay for the conservation of the environmental services that the waterhole of Sambulá, in the Municipality of Pebá of the state of Yucatán, Mexico, provides. The study is quantitative and cross-sectional since the ordered probit econometric model was used to analyze the data. The results show that the variables of local and national origin and the number of activities carried out in the tourist center indicate positively in the increase of probabilities of having higher amounts of money for conservation. In contrast, the age and the perception of the cleanliness of the place have a negative impact.

scholarly journals The Valuation of Grassland Ecosystem Services in Inner Mongolia of China and Its Spatial Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ning ◽  
Jianjun Jin ◽  
Foyuan Kuang ◽  
Xinyu Wan ◽  
Chenyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Grassland Ecosystems ◽  
Spatial Differences

Economic valuation of grassland ecosystem services is important for protecting and restoring grassland ecosystems. This study aims to investigate Chinese netizens’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for protecting grassland ecosystem services in Inner Mongolia by using the contingent valuation method. The results indicate that 61.55% of respondents expressed a positive WTP. The mean WTP was estimated to be CNY 170.76 (USD 25.11) per person per year. We found that there is a significant spatial difference in respondent’s WTP. Factors such as respondent age, education, household income and concern about grassland protection significantly affected their WTP. Younger, more educated and wealthier respondents have a higher probability of willingness to pay, and those who are concerned about grassland protection present a higher WTP. The regression results also show that distance from the grassland negatively affects the probability and values of people’s WTP. Findings of this research provide useful policy implications for decision-makers involved in grassland protection and management.

scholarly journals ARE THERE DIFFERENCES IN WILLINGNESS TO PAY AMONG VISITORS AND NON-VISITORS OF TAMAN NEGARA NATIONAL PARK?

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaiton Samdin ◽  
Khairil Wahidin Awang
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
National Park ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Park Management ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Valuation Method

Approaches such as the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) have helped to assign dollar values to non-use values for non-market goods which, unlike other products, are not traded in the market. This study attempts to put a value on the above non-market values. This study used the CVM, with Willingness to Pay (WTP) as the elicitation method to measure the non-use value among visitors and non-visitors of Taman Negara National Park (TNNP). This study also will answer questions; are there any differences in the WTP of various market segments, based on nationality, gender, age, education and income among visitors and non-visitors? This study found that there was a different between visitors and non-visitors willingness to pay. It also found that visitors and non-visitors market segments such as nationality,, income etc. are differed. Thus, information found in this study can be a fundamental source for park management in directing park pricing policy towards an efficient system. Although using WTP for this economic valuation cannot provide exact answers on the valuation of these natural resources, it can still provide a guideline on pricing strategy and give extra information for park management decisions, especially about park pricing. Thus, better decision-making processes can be practised if monetary values can be placed on these non-market goods.

scholarly journals Estimating the Recreational Value of the Abdanan Black Twin Lake: A Contingent Valuation Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sayehmiri ◽  
Atefeh heidarvand
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Recreational Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Recreational Use

As one of the unique destinations in Iran, Abdanan Black Twin Lake attracts many tourists yearly. Among striking features is the presence of minerals, boiling springs, and its beautiful landscape. Human beings are willing to spend money on such natural resources. An economic valuation can be interfered constructively and positively in improving environmental policies. So, quantifying these benefits is of the utmost importance. The paper mainly estimated the tourists' willingness to pay and their recreational value using the contingent valuation method. Random sampling was conducted on 384 people using the two-dimensional double-choice questionnaire in spring 2019. In the Twin Lake Recreational Value Questionnaire, the main questions were devoted to the visitors' willingness to pay, with three bids of 0.07 $, 0.14 $, and 0.22$. Among 384 respondents, 304 (79%) were willing to pay for recreational use of the lake, and 80 respondents (21%) were not. The likelihood, the model's parameters were estimated. The findings indicated the average tourists' willingness to pay for recreational value was estimated at 0.09$ per visit and the recreational value of this lake for each household was estimated at 0.40$. The findings revealed the effect of education, household income, household size and tourists' willingness to pay was significant.

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