Climate-responsive Residential Buildings for Hashtgerd New Town Based on Traditional Residential Architecture of Iran’s Arid Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
Shabnam Teimourtash
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
New Town ◽  
Residential Architecture

CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE AS CULTURAL VALUE. VILNIUS CASE / SOVIETINIŲ METŲ ARCHITEKTŪRA KAIP KULTŪROS VERTYBĖ VILNIAUS ATVEJIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liutauras Nekrošius
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Public Image ◽  
New Town ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The City

Within the whole town scale, the heritage objects of Vilnius contemporary architecture represent a relatively small (40 out of more then 2,500), but rather significant – due to their typological composition (most important public objects and districts of the city) and geographical location (centers and sub-centers) - group of buildings highly influencing the image of the capital city. The group encompasses the town-planning objects (two residential districts, students’ campus in Saulėtekis Ave, the New Town Center and complex of the Parliament buildings), architecture objects (15 public use buildings, 3 public interiors and 6 apartment houses), as well as historical objects (1 bridge, 1 public use and 1 residential buildings). The group of protected heritage objects was mostly developed during the occupation period, in the 1980-ies, according to the legislation of the time, prevalent political and artistic trends, as well as conditions of the planned economy and state (public) ownership. Following the essential transformations in the socio-cultural context, this group has been failed to reevaluate in a systemic way, without any new structure and conservation concept being formed in compliance with the new conditions. This has inflicted some damage to expression of the public image of the city and understanding of its values, needless to say that highly valuable buildings have been just left to fade away. Considering that it is highly relevant to maintain the most valuable architectural objects of the second half of the 20th century for future generations, it is essential to perform a physical status and use monitoring of heritage objects of contemporary architecture, update the data of heritage stocktaking, identify the boundaries of authorship rights (copyright) and real estate cultural heritage protection, estimate values of the protected objects, reconsider the ways of management and coordinate the processes of document revision and building renovation/ transformation. Santrauka Šiandieninėje Lietuvoje vykstantis sovietinių metų modernizmo architektūros paveldo objektų apsaugos procesas ir taikomos priemonės straipsnyje nagrinėjami remiantis Vilniaus miesto pavyzdžiu. Analizuojami po 1961 m., t. y. formalaus amžiaus cenzo neatitinkantys, Vilniuje įgyvendinti architektūrinio ir urbanistinio vertingųjų savybių pobūdžio nekilnojamojo kultūros paveldo objektai ir vietovės. Tokių kūrinių Kultūros vertybių registre įvairiais skaičiavimais yra apie 40. Ši grupė XX a. II-ojoje pusėje formuota kaip raiškiai atspindinti laikotarpio architektūrinės kūrybos tendencijas bei tuometes politines nuostatas, tačiau po 1990 m. iš esmės nerevizuota, šiandien dėl pakitusių sociokultūrinių ir ekonominių sąlygų praranda turėtą artikuliaciją. Tai lėmė ir skirtingą objektų fizinę būklę. Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti aktualiausias problemas, susijusias su kūrinių saugojimu, su įvykusiais objektų ir vietovių pakitimais. Svarstomos galimos tolesnės saugojimo kryptys, būdai. Bandoma formuluoti svarbius konceptualiuosius ir vertybinius klausimus, autoriaus manymu, būtinus kelti platesnių profesinių ir mokslinių diskusijų lygmeniu.

scholarly journals TRADITIONAL RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE OF BOYKO CONSTRUCTION SCHOOL ON THE BASIS OF AN ARCHAIC PLAN: PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-117
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Parkhuts
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Golden Section ◽  
Artistic Expression ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Natural Forms

The article identifies the main patterns of construction of Boyko residential buildings, which are based on an archaic three-part plan. It was found that Boyko's three-chamber dwellings existed in three variants, where the oldest type is considered to be one in which the dwelling cage is located in the middle, and the hayloft and pantry - on the sides of the dwelling. Based on measurements of existing buildings, analysis of literature and archival drawings, an ideal model of traditional three-chamber Boyko housing was created and it was substantiated that the idea of an archaic three-chamber house was based on the laws of the golden section. However, in practice, most houses had minor deviations from this rule, which were due to the different width of the ancillary premises and the violation of the proportions of the living space. The construction of traditional residential buildings of the Boyko construction school meets four basic rules: symmetry or the desire for symmetry in the construction of plans and facades with a possible asymmetrical arrangement of individual elements and parts of the house; staticity of the whole volume of the building; balance of the main elements of the house; variety in the use of details and decor. Despite the typical plans and ancient rules of the general compositional construction of houses, the masters sought uniqueness and artistic expression with the help of details. The location of the yards was influenced by the terrain and local natural conditions. It is revealed that the identity of architectural and natural forms is the main principle that makes it possible to harmoniously link static architectural forms with constantly changing natural. The predominance of the sloping lines of the silhouette of the house over the vertical lines provided an organic connection with the environment.

scholarly journals Rola prefabrykacji w kształtowaniu architektury mieszkaniowej XXI wieku

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Anita Orchowska
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
First Century ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Housing Developments ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
The One ◽  
Housing Standards

Prefabrykacja wpłynęła w znaczy sposób na kształt architektury mieszkaniowej XX wieku, a jej znaczenie nadal nie słabnie. W przeszłości czas eksperymentu przeobraził się w burzliwy okres rozwój technologii, systemów budownictwa i ich odmian. Rolą prefabrykacji było określenie podstawowych standardów mieszkaniowych w zakresie kształtu mieszkań i charakteru zabudowy. Obecnie technologia prefabrykacji betonowej nabiera ponownie znaczenia jako współczesne tworzywo architektoniczne i jest często stosowaną metodą wznoszenia budynków mieszkalnych. Istnieje wiele możliwości jakie tkwią w produkowanych prefabrykowanych komponentach oraz zalet ekonomicznych i technologicznych. Z jednej strony elastyczność i różnorodność projektowanych elementów, z drugiej strony lepsze technologicznie prefabrykaty, w znaczny sposób pozwalają dostosować typizację do współczesnych wymagań użytkowych i estetycznych architektury mieszkaniowej. The role of prefabrication in shaping the residential architecture of the twenty-first century Prefabrication had a significant influence on the shape of the residential architecture of the twentieth century and its importance has not diminished. In the past, a time of experimentation changed into a turbulent period of technological advancement and development of construction systems and their types. The role of prefabrication was to define basic housing standards in terms of flat layouts and the character of housing developments. Currently, concrete prefabrication technology is becoming more and more important as a modern architectural material and is a frequently used method of erecting residential buildings. There is considerable potential in prefabricated components as well as economic and technological benefits. On the one hand, there is flexibility and variety of designed elements, and on the other, prefabricated components, which are technologically superior, allow an adjustment of standardisation to contemporary functional and aesthetic requirements of the residential architecture in a significant way.

scholarly journals MANSIONS AND RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF NOVOCHERKASSK 1900–1910

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
A. Ivanova-Ilyicheva ◽  
N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Dwelling House ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
The City

Mansions and individual residential houses of the early XX century form the basis of the historical center of Novocherkassk. The building of the city harmoniously combines features of traditional Cossack housing and adherence to the capital's architectural fashion, imitation of St. Petersburg. The history of the formation of the city, the social structure of the population, economy and culture determined the features of its architecture. In preparing the article, the methods of field and historical archival research, comparative analysis of works and their details, the method of analogies are used. A comprehensive analysis of typical objects – the mansion of G.M. Salnikov, the Shamarins' mansion, the house of the ataman A.V. Samsonov, residential buildings of the military master V.A. Ratchenkov and the сossack I.A. Suslova. The space-planning, compositional, architectural and artistic features of Novocherkassk mansions and residential buildings in the 1900–1910 s are identified. The authors present the patterns of location of two types of housing in the structure of the city. The tendencies of the Art Nouveau style in the mansions are revealed. A comparative analysis of the functional planning organization and artistic-figurative solution of the Cossack kuren and the city dwelling house is carried out. The study shows the influence of two trends on the residential architecture of Novocherkassk in 1900–1910 – the capital's professional design practice and the local folk tradition.

scholarly journals Bali Traditional Architecture: Sustainability from the Perspective of Capital Concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
I Putu Gede Suyoga ◽  
Made Adi Adi Widyatmika ◽  
Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Social Struggle ◽  
Capital Ownership ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Society Today

This study aims to reveal the sustainability of Balinese traditional residential architectural practices which are based on the provisions of traditional ethnic Balinese social stratification and refers to the capital ownership in Generative Structural Theory from Pierre Bourdieu (economic, cultural, social and symbolic). At present, there are dynamics ownership and capital conversion in the traditional social strata which affect the sustainability of traditional residential architecture practices. The traditional Balinese residential architecture in this study is understood to be the spatial layout and traditional residential buildings of the Middle Bali era. Its sustainability today is seen from the concept of capital in the perspective of Bourdieu’s theory. The basic assumption of Bourdieu’s theory is basically that humans are in the field of social struggle to emerge victorious by competing with one another. This study is a qualitative research with interpretative descriptive method. Primary data were obtained from selected informants (purposive) and from field observations, as well as secondary data from the literature. The study findings show that traditional residential architecture practices in the Middle Bali era were strongly influenced by capital ownership (economic, cultural, social, and symbolic) with various forms of conversion to traditional Balinese aristocratic (triwangsa). Development at this time has opened the opportunity to control various capital for ordinary community (jabawangsa), so that the realm of Balinese traditional housing becomes a medium of struggle as well as a symbol of success in social struggle. On the other hand, the contestation of Balinese traditional residential architectural practices is a sustainability in the arena of social struggle within Balinese society today.

scholarly journals Research on Safety Evaluation and Sustainable Conservation Strategy of Tunbao Buildings--An example of residential buildings in Benzhai, Anshun, Guizhou

2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Gao Jiahao ◽  
Lu Luxi ◽  
Zhang Tianke
Keyword(s):  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Important Material ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Point To Point

Tunbao architecture is a combination of defensive and residential architecture of Ming Dynasty, and is an important material substrate of Tunbao culture. With the accelerated pace of urbanization, the population of Anshun Tumbao has moved out, aging has increased and natural catalysis has led to the dilapidation and decay of the dwelling architecture, which lacks certain conservation measures. This paper takes Anshun Tunbao residential buildings in Guizhou as an example, and summarizes the development of residential buildings in this village through literature and field research, and summarizes the current problems of preservation. The results of this study are presented in the form of a graded “point-to-point” conservation strategy, which is intended to provide a theoretical reference for the conservation and restoration of historical buildings in the Han ethnic area of Guizhou.

scholarly journals Transformation of approaches to the composition of residential house facades in Moscow in the 1930s

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1418-1427
Author(s):  
Anna V. Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
Functional Elements ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Professional Journals ◽  
Principles Of Design ◽  
Point To Point

Introduction. The example of not implemented projects reveals the features of the stages of the formation of the architecture of residential building facades during the 1930s. Despite the considerable attention paid by researchers to various aspects of Soviet residential housing construction, studies on the formation of the architecture of the facades of residential buildings are not presented. Materials and methods. The study applied comparative analysis to the projects, which were not carried out but published in professional journals of the considered period. Results. It is possible to distinguish three stages in the principles of the construction of facade compositions of the houses belonging to the considered period. In the first projects of houses for specialists published in 1932 and 1933, one can identify two main directions of solving the problems of “development of cultural heritage and advanced construction technologies”. For both directions, tiered construction of the composition was typical. The first direction was “quoting” of classical prototypes in relation to the type of apartment building. The second principle of constructing the facade composition for residential buildings was the plastic enrichment and an increase in the number of functional elements inherent in residential architecture. The distinctive feature of the projects of the mid-1930s for both directions was the creation of multitier compositions with an increase in the share of direct use of elements carrying no functional load. Late in the 1930s, houses were transformed from point-to-point construction sites into complexes or parts of mainline ensembles. Both directions gradually mixed into each other due to the replacement of plastic functional elements with decorative ones. Conclusions. Parallelly developing, the approaches to the construction of facade compositions of Moscow residential buildings undergone many transformations during the 1930s. The transformations led from a clear separation of approaches to their almost complete mixing. Stage-by-stage transformation is stipulated by the change in the allocation of new construction sites and by principles of design and construction process organization. Nevertheless, with detailed compositional analysis, one can reveal different approaches to facade architecture formation what suggests that several creative directions are maintained, even under the condition of the directive formation of the unified creative line of Soviet architecture.

scholarly journals RESIDENTIAL EARTHEN ARCHITECTURE IN MULA (SPAIN): STUDY AND CATALOGUING OF ITS CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 985-992
Author(s):  
F. J. López Martínez ◽  
V. La Spina ◽  
J. Fernández del Toro
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
Initial Identification ◽  
Characteristic 2 ◽  
Earthen Architecture ◽  
The City

Abstract. The city of Mula (Region of Murcia, Spain), of Islamic origin and built on the top of a hill, is dominated by the spectacular Renaissance castle of Velez and a mediaeval defensive wall. The wall remains, those still standing, consist of several enclosures and sections built in rammed earth. As many of these are a magnificent example of defensive earthen architecture, the Castle of Mula has been widely analysed and recently protected by a Master Plan. However, Mula’s unique old town, an Asset of Cultural Interest in the category of Historic-Artistic Complex, with its irregular and narrow streets at the foot of the castle, includes residential constructions (mansions, palaces and humble dwellings) made with earth. The traditional residential architecture of Mula includes characteristic 2- or 3-storey buildings with sloping roofs. However, there are no specific studies on these and the use of earth as a construction material. The main aim of the study therefore is to carry out an initial identification and cataloguing of the different earthen construction techniques in the historic residential buildings of the old town and their relation to the residential typology of Mula.

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