Demand, dysfunction and distribution: The UK growth model from neoliberalism to the knowledge economy

Theories of ‘growth models’ explain capitalist diversity by reference to shifting drivers of aggregate demand in different national economies. This article expands the growth models framework beyond its conventional focus on debt-driven and export-driven demand, through an ideational analysis of Thatcher’s vision of a property-owning democracy, and Blair’s knowledge-driven growth agenda. Drawing on policymakers’ statements, it shows how these hypothetical growth models differed from the debt-driven growth model that ultimately prevailed. Using data on the distribution of wealth and wages, it highlights how both approaches failed to generate sustainable demand; in Thatcher’s case, because of an insufficiently broad distribution of capital ownership, in Blair’s case, because of an insufficiently broad distribution of lucrative knowledge work. This indicates that explanations of dysfunctional growth models need to consider not just the split of national income between labour and capital, but also the distribution of both labour income and capital income between households.

DINAMIKA KOALISI PARTAI POLITIK DALAM PILKADA KABUPATEN PADANG LAWAS UTARA TAHUN 2018

This study discusses the dynamics of the coalition of political parties carrying a single candidate in the process of nominating the regent and deputy regent in the 2018 North Padang Lawas Regency election. By using Arend Lijphart's coalition theory, it will be elaborated on how the dynamics of forming a coalition of political parties in support of a single candidate pair will be elaborated. Lijphart categorizes coalitions into 2 forms, namely: policy blind coalition and policy based coalition. By using a qualitative method through a case study approach, this research begins with an explanation of the political parties carrying the candidates, the dynamics that occur between political parties, then an analysis of the form of coalition built by the party is supported by political realities to strengthen the results of the author's analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the coalition of political parties carrying a single candidate in the 2018 North Padang Lawas Regency election tends to form a policy blind coalition, namely a coalition that prioritizes maximizing power rather than considering ideological similarities and party platforms. The coalition that is formed tends to be pragmatic, elitist and office seeking oriented. The selection of candidates tends to consider popularity, influence of the central elite and local elites as well as large capital ownership so as to be able to gather all political parties in one coalition block.

System dynamics modeling on new generation cooperative as an alternative to enhance bargaining position of potato farmers in Bener Meriah district

This study aims to create a New Generation Cooperative (NGC) model in potato supply chain in Bener Meriah District, which is also the subject of research, by applying the system dynamics method to build a dynamic and complex NGC model. This modeling is carried out as an effort to enhance bargaining position at farm level. The result showed that non-formal partnership relationship in potato supply chain is originated from the gap in capital ownership between farmers and intermediary traders, thus giving rise to motivation to control farmers by providing financial loan to farmers. Loan recipient farmers must commit to sell potato only to financial aid traders. This causes the loss of opportunity to sell potato to other parties, which has an impact on the occurrence of pressure on selling price of farmers’s potato. Farmers face asymmetry information, especially regarding the selling price prevailing in the market. On the other hand, formal partnership starts with the industry motivation that is to obtain raw materials, that meet quality requirements on an ongoing basis. In a formal partnership, technology transfer occurs from partners to farmers. Farmers get marketing and price certainty, wider marketing access, and have the opportunity to earn higher profits. Based on the simulation results, data obtained that farmers who are the NGC members get higher revenue, profit, and business efficiency level, than non-partnership farmers.

Livelihood strategies of two small-scale fisher communities: adaptation strategies under different fishery resource at southern and northern coast of Java

Small-scale fishers are frequently exposed to a variety of hazards that threaten their livelihood. Different socio-cultural, natural resource, environment conditions potentially create unique vulnerability and livelihood strategies which may exist in different places. Therefore, an investigation in two different fishing communities was carried out to understand the similarities and different of livelihood strategy works in both places. The study was conducted in two small scale fisheries community in village Betahlawang (north of java) and Glagah (south of Java). This research aims to describe livelihood aspects and strategies of fisher communities in both locations under different fishery resource and their dependency on the fishery through systematic surveys. The study showed that both communities are highly dependent on natural capital which mainly the abundance of the fishery resources. Others factors affecting both communities’ sustainable livelihood are the uncertainty in catch, weather and policy, limited capital ownership, access, and knowledge and skills other than fishing. Although the two study sites share some capital similarities, the livelihood vulnerability and their strategy is different. Betahlawang fishers more vulnerable than Glagah fishers because Glagah fishers has more diverse livelihood alternatives.

The development of farmers cooperative in the potato agribusiness system in Batur Subdistrict, Banjarnegara

Farmers’ corporations are a form of farmer economic empowerment that unites all farmer resources and manages them in an integrated management. Batur Subdistrict, is one of the potato-producing centers in Banjarnegara District. This paper aims to analyze the potential for developing farmer corporations in the potato agribusiness system in Batur Subdistrict, Banjarnegara. The Farmer Corporation Model developed refers to the Ministry of Agriculture No. 18 of 2018, which is in the form of cooperatives or other legal entities with the majority of capital ownership by farmers. The data comes from the results of the 2020 study. Respondents consist of potato farmers, administrators of the Dieng Farmers Union (SPD), owners of subsidized fertilizer shop, potato seed breeders, agricultural extension workers, potato marketing actors, and managers of Agribusiness Microfinance Institutions (LKMA). Data analysis was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively descriptively by taking into account technical, economic and management aspects. The results of the study indicate that the existing farmer institutions in Batur Subdistrict, both technically, economically, and management have the potential to develop farmer corporations. The corporate model formulated is the growth of primary and secondary cooperatives which include potato seed cooperatives, farming capital cooperatives, potato production facilities cooperatives, and potato marketing cooperatives. The amount of economic value that can be obtained by each potato farmer with the existence of a corporation ranges from Rp. 1.04 - 2.07 million per year. In order for a farmer corporation to run and provide benefits to farmers, support from the government is needed in the form of assistance, business training, and initial capital.

THE IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND OWNERSHIP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE ENTERPRISES AFTER EQUITIZATION: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM

The main objective of this paper is to study the impact of capital structure and capital ownership form of SOEs after equitization. We have considered all 137 state-owned companies after equitization for which data can be collected during the period from 2007 to 2017. These encompass companies in different industries listed on the HOSE (Ho Chi Minh City) and HNX (Hanoi) stock exchanges. To this end, we have applied REM and FEM models and corrected for variance with the GLS and FEM models. Our findings reveal that the variable leverage (LEV) has a negative impact on ROA, but, interestingly, has a positive impact on ROE and Tobin’s Q. Growth rate (GROWTH) have a positive effect on both ROA and Tobin’s Q. State ownership (SO) has only positive impact on ROA. Meanwhile, the company size variable (SIZE) has a positive impact on Tobin’s Q. In addition, in relation to our examination of how the domestic and foreign resources might impact on the profitability ratio, we have observed that the domestic equity ratio has a positive impact on both ROA and ROE whereas the foreign ownership ratio has a negative impact on both ROA and ROE.

“MERTELU” PROFIT-SHARING AGREEMENT AS THE ATTEMPT TO INCREASE THE INCOME OF TUBEROSE TENANT FARMERS

Farmer communities in Pasuruan regency, East Java, still rely on the agriculture sector to generate their income. Tuberose farmers, in particular, find difficulty in dealing with land ownership. They, who are skilful and expert, are lack of capital ownership, especially the land. The majority of tuberose farmers depend on “mertelu” profit-sharing as their daily income alternative. This study aims to analyse “mertelu” profit-sharing as an attempt to increase the tuberose farmers’ incomes in Pasuruan regency, East Java. The research is done by a purposive sampling in Bangil, Rembang sub-districts, Pasuruan regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with the instrument of microeconomic theory. Data are collected by interviews with land owners and the tuberose farmers. The research finding shows that “mertelu” profit-sharing becomes one of the alternatives to increase the tuberose farmers’ income. Nevertheless, the tuberose farmers in Pasuruan regency, East Java, feel that “mertelu” profit-sharing has not been able to improve their income significantly.

Determinan Efisiensi Perbankan BPR Syariah Indonesia

This research aims to determine how the level of efficiency is measured by the DEA method and what the inhibiting factors are, how the variables of the level of profitability, level of complexity, level of health, capital ownership can affect the level of efficiency and its relationship with CAMEL. The research is located in the province of East Java with a total sample of 77 samples. The analysis technique used is tobit regression and Spearman correlation. The results showed that the level of efficiency of BPR Syariah in East Java was very fluctuating and the management of the input variables had not yet reached the maximum level when compared to the output variables which were the results of the management of these input variables. The results of the Spearman correlation test show that the level of efficiency is related to CAMEL because in CAMEL there is also an efficiency component even though the weighting value is small. Overall, it can be concluded that the level of perfect efficiency can be achieved not only by comparing the input and output variables optimally but also considering other factors outside of these variables.

Disclosure Regulations and Political Accountability Does Government Capital Ownership Influence Companies’ Performance Evidence from ASEAN Countries

This research aims to discuss those four aspect toward companies’ performance. Government capital ownership is another crucial aspect which able to consider by companies for increase their performance. This is because the higher perentage government capital have, the biggest power they able to control the companies, and it is a good condition because they able to reduce agency’s issues between management and shareholders which absolutely brings positive influence on companies’ performance. Nevertheless, it still lack of studies which combined mandatory, voluntary disclosrues, political accountability and government capital ownership for measuring companies performance. The result come out that although government capital ownership brings no significant effect to boost companies’ performance, it is able to moderating the variable of mandatory, voluntary disclosures and political accountability have significant positive effect to increase companies’ performance.