scholarly journals Megaflora of the Australian Triassic–Jurassic: a taxonomic revision

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Pattemore
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
First Time

Abstract Umkomasiaceans are the most commonly recorded components of Gondwanan Triassic floras but they are not represented subsequently in that region. Their diversity appears to have substantially declined prior to the Rhaetian. Lower and Middle Jurassic floras in Australia and elsewhere in Gondwana are strikingly different from those of the Triassic, comprising ferns, lycopods, conifers, cycads, and bennettitaleans. The fern Cladophlebis Brongniart 1849 emend. Seward 1894 dominated coal-forming paludal environments during the Middle Jurassic in Queensland and it is one of the most commonly preserved plants in the Eastern Gondwanan Jurassic. Ginkgoaleans were present in Eastern Gondwana until near the end-Triassic but were absent below ca 60°S palaeolatitude during the Early and Middle Jurassic. The type specimen of Dicroidium superbum (Shirley 1898) Townrow 1957 emend. nov. has been inaccurately represented in the published record. Consequently, many specimens belonging to the species have been incorrectly assigned to other umkomasiacean species. Misidentifications and considerably enlarged circumscriptions of some species have resulted in an erroneous and simplistic morpho-continuum concept supposedly linking umkomasiacean fronds. Several commonly occurring umkomasiacean species are re-assessed with particular attention to their type specimens, two of which are accurately figured here for the first time. This re-assessment, together with evidence from allied fructifications and wood, supports the view that umkomasiacean fronds belong to several genera. Most umkomasiacean lineages probably terminated prior to the Rhaetian; however, Zuberia Frenguelli 1943 emend. Artabe 1990 persisted to near the close of the Triassic.

Rhinusa Stephens: a taxonomic revision of the species belonging to the R. linariae, R. herbarum, R. melas, and R. mauritii groups (Coleoptera Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4679 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-340
Author(s):  
ROBERTO CALDARA ◽  
IVO TOŠEVSKI
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
First Time

The species of Rhinusa Stephens, 1829 (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Mecinini) belonging to the R. linariae, R. herbarum, R. melas and R. mauritii groups are revised. The R. linariae group includes three species: R. linariae (Panzer, 1795), R. brisouti (Faust, 1891) and R. kumatschevi (Bajtenov, 1977). The R. herbarum group also includes three species: R. herbarum (H. Brisout de Barneville, 1863), R. mateui (Hoffmann, 1965) and R. vulpeculus (Reitter, 1907). The R. melas group includes two species: R. melas (Boheman, 1838) and R. korotyaevi sp. n. (Israel, Jordan). Lastly, the R. mauritii group is monobasic. The lectotypes of Gymnetron consors Desbrochers des Loges, 1898, Gymnetron herbarum H. Brisout de Barneville, 1863, Gymnetron heydeni Desbrochers des Loges, 1869, and Gymnetron melas Boheman, 1838 are designated. The following new synonymy is proposed: Rhinusa herbarum (H. Brisout de Barneville, 1863) = Gymnetron semirufum Desbrochers des Loges, 1898 (syn. n.). For each species treated, description or redescription, notes on type specimens, synonymies, comparative notes, distribution, bionomics when available, photographs of the habitus and drawings of the rostra, genitalia and other structures useful for taxonomy are provided. A key including all the groups of Rhinusa as currently considered is provided for the first time. 

scholarly journals Fossil flora of Middle Jurassic Grojec clays (southern Poland). Raciborski’s original material reinvestigated and supplemented. I. Sphenophytes

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-181
Author(s):  
Agata Jarzynka ◽  
Grzegorz Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Fossil Flora ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

AbstractSphenopsid remains from Grojec clays (Grojec, Poręba, Mirów) collected and described by Raciborski in 1894 are re-examined for the first time and supplemented by Raciborski’s unpublished material housed at the Jagiellonian University (Institute of Botany) and by Stur’s preliminarily described material stored at the Geological Survey of Austria. Three species of Equisetum created by Raciborski (Equisetum renaulti, E. remotum, E. blandum) are now attributed to the common Jurassic species Equisetites lateralis, and the earlierundescribed Equisetites cf. columnaris is recognised. The occurrence of Neocalamites lehmannianus (originally described by Raciborski as Schizoneura hoerensis) has been confirmed from Grojec. The material that Raciborski referred to this species seems to be heterogeneous, and some specimens are now removed to the new proposed species Neocalamites grojecensis Jarzynka et Pacyna sp. nov. The new species is diagnosed by the following features: only a few prominent ribs present on shoot, leaf scars relatively large and ellipsoidal, numerous free leaves, vascular bundles alternate at node. Possibly the new species derives from Neocalamites lehmannianus or at least is closely related to it. Part of the poorly preserved remains can be determined only as Neocalamites sp. Another species created by Raciborski, Phyllotheca (?) leptoderma, is based on poorly preserved type specimens. Some of the unpublished specimens stored at the Jagiellonian University (Institute of Botany) correspond to Raciborski’s description, but considering the poor preservation of the original material and the not very realistic published illustrations of this species, they rather should be regarded as indeterminate cortical fragments of Neocalamites lehmannianus and/or badly preserved external cortical surfaces of the new species Neocalamites grojecensis. Phyllotheca (?) leptoderma should be considered a nomen dubium.

Taxonomic revision of Scoparia Haworth, 1811 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Scopariinae) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2609 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEICHUN LI ◽  
HOUHUN LI ◽  
MATTHIAS NUSS
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
First Time ◽  
Unknown Male

Scoparia Haworth, 1811 is revised from China with a total of twenty-six species. Sineudonia Leraut, 1986 syn. n. is synonymized with Scoparia and its type species, Scoparia brunnea (Leraut, 1986) comb. n. is transferred from Sineudonia to this genus. Scoparia isochroalis Hampson, 1907 syn. n. is synonymized with S. congestalis Walker, 1859 and Scoparia kiangensis Leraut, 1986 syn. n. is synonymized with S. spinata Inoue, 1982. Six species are described as new: Scoparia spinosa sp. n., S. jiuzhaiensis sp. n., S. uncinata sp. n., S. brevituba sp. n., S. bifaria sp. n. and S. largispinea sp. n. Scoparia ancipitella (La Harpe, 1855), S. afghanorum Leraut, 1985 and S. utsugii Inoue, 1994 are recorded for the first time in China. Scoparia metaleucalis Hampson, 1907, S. caradjai Leraut, 1986 and S. sinensis Leraut, 1986 are redescribed. The previously unknown male of S. caradjai Leraut, 1986 and the female of S. metaleucalis Hampson, 1907 are described for the first time. Images of wing pattern and genitalia of new and redescribed species are provided. The occurrence of S. basistrigalis Knaggs, 1866 and S. molestalis Inoue, 1982 in China is falsified. The occurrence of S. ambigualis (Treitschke, 1829), S. molestalis Inoue, 1982, S. murificalis Walker, 1859, S. vinotinctalis Hampson, 1896 in China could not be verified. The identification of S. stoetzneri Caradja, 1927 and S. submedinella Caradja, 1927 remains unknown as the type specimens are currently untraceable.

scholarly journals X-ray microcomputed tomography applied to the taxonomic study of rare material: redescriptions of seven of Schirch’s Brazilian species of land planarians (Geoplanidae, Platyhelminthes)

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 1-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Santos Silva ◽  
Fernando Carbayo
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Non Destructive

In 2016, the type-material of ten of the 15 Brazilian land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) described by Schirch (1929) was discovered deposited in the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ). Schirch only described the external morphology of these species, all originally placed in the genus Geoplana. By the 1930s and 1950s Geoplana itatiayana, G. plana, and G. rezendei underwent taxonomic revision based on the study of non-type specimens. The remaining 12 species also underwent a taxonomic revision but only based on the literature. Current names of these species are Geoplana goettei, Pseudogeoplana arpi, Ps. blaseri, Ps. bonita, Ps. bresslaui, Ps. cardosi, Ps. doederleini, Ps. lumbricoides, Ps. obscura, Ps. riedeli, Ps. theresopolitana, and Ps. wetzeli. The species Geoplana maximiliani sensu Schirch (1929) was renamed as Ps. schirchi Ogren & Kawakatsu, 1990. The present study reports a taxonomic revision of seven of Schirch’s species using type material, namely Obama itatiayana, Pasipha plana, Pseudogeoplana arpi, Ps. bresslaui, Ps. doederleini, Ps. schirchi and Ps. wetzeli. Additional specimens of some of these species were also examined. Morphological data from histological preparations and from virtual sections were obtained through a non-destructive technique of X-ray computed microtomography (µCT). This approach resulted in the preservation of the entire body of at least one type-specimen of each species, and the holotype of Ps. bresslaui. Conspecificity of O. itatiayana and P. plana was confirmed, as previously reported in the literature. It is also proposed that Ps. bresslaui belongs to the genus Paraba, while the other species should remain in Pseudogeoplana, since type-specimens are either immature, poorly preserved or simply lost.

scholarly journals Revision of the lacewing genus Laccosmylus with two new species from the Middle Jurassic of China (Insecta, Neuroptera, Saucrosmylidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 790 ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Hui Fang ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
Jiaxi Liu ◽  
Yongjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Hind Wing ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Fossil Material ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

The genus Laccosmylus Ren & Yin, 2003 belonging to Saucrosmylidae was erected by using a single hind wing only. Based on new fossil material and re-examination of the type specimen, the diagnosis of the genus is emended with supplementary forewing characters, reported for the first time. In addition, two new species Laccosmyluscicatricatussp. n. and Laccosmyluslatizonussp. n. are described.

A taxonomic revision of the genus Phyxioschema (Araneae, Dipluridae), II: species from Central Asia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2815 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER J. SCHWENDINGER ◽  
SERGEI L. ZONSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Female Holotype ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Phyxioschema raddei Simon, 1889 is revised. A re-examination of type specimens confirms the synonymy of P. raddei and Ischnothele strandi Spassky, 1937, but the synonymy of Afghanothele lindbergi Roewer, 1960 and A. striatipes Roewer, 1960 cannot be confirmed due to the immature state of their types. The copulatory organs of the female holotype and other females from different localities are illustrated for the first time. Variation in morphological characters is shown. New records are given for Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. Phyxioschema females from Pakistan cannot be attributed to any nominal species and are left unnamed. A new species, P. roxana, is described from male and female specimens collected at eight localities in southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan. Relationships between Central Asian and Southeast Asian species are discussed. A summary of relevant morphological characters of all Phyxioschema species is given.

A taxonomic review of the Night Frog genus Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882 in the Western Ghats, India (Anura: Nyctibatrachidae) with description of twelve new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3029 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. BIJU ◽  
INES VAN BOCXLAER ◽  
STEPHEN MAHONY ◽  
K. P. DINESH ◽  
C. RADHAKRISHNAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Egg Guarding ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Predator

A taxonomic revision of the genus Nyctibatrachus is presented. As a result, we recognize 27 species, 12 of which are new to science and described herein. Three ‘lost’ species—Nyctibatrachus sanctipalustris, Nyctibatrachus sylvaticus and Nannobatrachus kempholeyensis are rediscovered after their original descriptions and the latter two species are neotypified. Four species are lectotypified (Nannobatrachus beddomii, Nyctibatrachus deccanensis, Nyctibatrachus major and Nyctibatrachus sanctipalustris). The taxonomic revision and description of new species is based on new morphological, behavioural, ecological and molecular data from available type specimens and/or recent collections from throughout the distribution range of Nyctibatrachus. Specimens from the type localities of all previously described species were collected and discussed along with the type specimens. Nyctibatrachus sholai is considered a junior subjective synonym of N. deccanensis. Nyctibatrachus sanctipalustris modestus is resurrected from synonymy, but allocated to the genus Fejervarya. A new gland, the subocular gland is introduced to anuran morphological terminology. Both the courtship behaviour and ovipositional sites of four species are described for the first time. The process of fertilisation was carried out in the absence of physical contact between males and females in all four species. Furthermore, previously unreported parental care behaviour is documented for the genus, including biparental egg attendance (probably clutch hydration) and egg guarding (active predator defense). A brief outline of tadpole development from egg to metamorph is provided for Nyctibatrachus aliciae, with figures of the major developmental stages.

Importance of genetic data in resolving cryptic species: A century old problem of understanding the distribution of Minervarya syhadrensis Annandale 1919, (Anura: Dicroglossidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4869 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-492
Author(s):  
SAMADHAN PHUGE ◽  
AJINKYA BHARATRAJ PATIL ◽  
RADHAKRISHNA PANDIT ◽  
NIRMAL U KULKARNI ◽  
B.H. CHENNAKESHAVAMURTHY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Specimens

Frogs of the genus Minervarya are cryptic and widely distributed in South Asia. However, many of them lack information about the precise type locality, genetic data, and distribution range. The present study aimed to examine the genetic affinities of a widely distributed species Minervarya syhadrensis around its type locality in the northern Western Ghats (Pune, Maharashtra). We studied the type specimen of M. syhadrensis and collected similar sized Minervarya frogs from Pune district. In the field, we observed two different calls from morphologically similar (M. syhadrensis like) males suggesting the sympatric occurrence of two cryptic species (that we initially named Minervarya species A and Minervarya species B). We analyzed morphology, call pattern, and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequence of both species. Minervarya species A has a long call with a low pulse repetition rate and higher dominant frequency compared to that of the Minervarya species B. These species cannot be differentiated based on morphometric data. However, they can be sorted out using morphological characters such as the presence of longitudinal skin folds on the dorsal side (Minervarya species A) and differences in foot webbing. DNA sequences of Minervarya species A and Minervarya species B are matching with those of M. caperata and M. agricola respectively. After studying the type specimens of M. syhadrensis and M. caperata, we found morphological similarities (longitudinal skin folds) with the samples of Minervarya species A collected during the present study. Based on the results of our study (morphology and genetic) and available literature, we propose to redefine M. syhadrensis as applying to the lineage initially named Minervarya species A, and to treat the species M. caperata as a junior synonym of M. syhadrensis. Our study will be helpful in further taxonomic revision of the genus, and provides natural history information for M. syhadrensis and M. agricola.  

scholarly journals Towards a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle subgenus Deltochilum (Deltohyboma) Lane, 1946 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): Division into species-groups

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244657
Author(s):  
Arturo González-Alvarado ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Distribution Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Internal Margin

Deltochilum Eschscholtz, 1822 is perhaps the most speciose genus of the tribe Deltochilini sensu Tarasov & Dimitrov (2016) (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and has been traditionally divided into eight subgenera. Among them, the subgenus Deltohyboma Lane, 1946, is the most speciose with 47 species, five of which are described here (D. genieri sp. nov., D. gilli sp. nov., D. susanae sp. nov., D. bolivariensis sp. nov. and D. inesae sp. nov.), and at least 165 species still undescribed. Due to the large number of species, and for practical purposes, the subgenus is here divided into 19 species-groups, with D. inesae sp. nov. left as incertae sedis. This division into species-groups will help in the reliable identification of species and will aid in the completion of the revision of subgenus. This report is the first part of the taxonomic revision of the subgenus Deltohyboma; it is based on the examination of all type specimens and almost 9,800 specimens of which approximately 1,200, mostly males, had their genitalia studied. The 19 species-groups recognized here are based mainly on characters described for the first time for Deltohyboma, namely, the state of a) the anterior margin of the clypeus (between the clypeal teeth), b) the internal margin of hypomera, c) the ventral face of the protibia, d) the posterior margin of the metafemur, and e) several new characters resulting from the first detailed study of the aedeagus and the endophallus of the group. Diagnosis, description, geographic distribution, composition and identifications keys (for males as well as males and females) for the species-groups are provided.

A new revision of Capirona (Rubiaceae, Ixoroideae, Condamineeae), with a new combination and additional notes on typification of the names involved

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 443 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
PIERO G. DELPRETE
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
First Time

A new taxonomic revision of Capirona (Rubiaceae, Condamineeae) is presented. Delprete (1999) treated Condaminea macrophylla as a new synonym of Capirona decorticans; as the former name has priority over the latter, the new combination Capirona macrophylla is here proposed. Full synonymy, type citations, further notes on lectotypification of C. decorticans, and an amplified description of the single species recognized in the genus are provided. Additional type specimens (i.e., not mentioned in previous revisions) and barcodes or accession numbers for all type specimens are here cited for the first time. A preliminary conservation assessment is proposed using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

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