scholarly journals Criteria For Felling Maturity Of Poplar Clones Grown For Energy Use

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Rudolf Petráš ◽  
Julian Mecko ◽  
Viera Petrášová
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Poplar Clones ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Poplar clones reach a big advantage over other forest tree species in the production of large amounts of above-ground biomass in a relatively short time. To increase the efficiency of production during their short life cycle, it is necessary to optimize age of their felling maturity. It should be carried out in the stands age when its average production is highest. Mathematical models of yield tables were used to derive this production. Above-ground biomass production was expressed in natural units, volume (m3 ha−1) and the capacity of calorific value (GJ ha−1), but also in financial yield (€ ha−1) from the sale of timber assortments including energy chips from smallwood. In terms of financial yield, Robusta stands are mature between 23 and 35 years and I-214 stands between 18 and 32 years. Main financial yield per year, on average 200–1900 € ha−1, is expected from the production of assortments designed for classic industrial processing. Its increase by 50 to 100 € ha−1 is expected to be achieved by supplemental smallwood processing to energy chips. In terms of volume production and capacity of combustion heat, stands are mature about 5–7 years earlier.

scholarly journals ENERGY POTENTIAL IN PRODUCTION OF FAST-GROWING POPLAR CLONES IN SLOVAK REGIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Rudolf Petráš ◽  
Julian Mecko ◽  
Viera Petrášová
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Poplar Clones ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Small Wood ◽  
High Level

Abstract Calorific value production from the above-ground biomass of stands was derived from its volume production. The mathematical models of growth tables of I-214 and Robusta poplar clones, biomass density values and calorific values of biomass dry matter were used for its calculation. At the stands aged 35 years and site indices of 20, 30 and 40, the calorific value has approximately 2.700, 6.000 and 9.300 GJ.ha-1 respectively. The I-214 clone has higher production than Robusta in the first half of its growth, albeit with minimum differences. The annual increments of calorific value culminate about the age of 9-13 years with values of 450-115 GJ.ha-1. Mean annual production of both clones culminates at the age of 17-26 years with values of 320-80 GJ.ha-1. Lowland forest locations with high level of ground water in Slovakia with the total area of 25.600 ha are most suitable for poplars production. On this area, we can assume the mean annual production of 3.566 TJ of gross calorific value obtained from above-ground biomass in the future. From that, about 64% is in wood, 14% in bark and 22% in small-wood. Up to 85% of this production potential is situated in the area of The Danube Lowland and the rest is mainly in southern areas of the Central and Eastern Slovakia.

Comparative Carbon Storage of Lanzones (Lansium domesticum) – fruit tree and Falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria) – forest tree based Agroforestry Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 88-107
Author(s):  
Samuel Malayao ◽  
Teodoro Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Forest Tree ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Paraserianthes Falcataria ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Vegetation Stand ◽  
Lansium Domesticum

Two agroforestry systems, a fruit tree-based with lanzones (Lansium domesticum) as dominant fruit tree and a forest tree-based with falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria) as dominant wood tree, were studied to compare their total carbon stocks in the above ground biomass (upperstorey and understorey), floor litters and soil and to determine any differences of soil organic carbon(SOC) in three soil depths: 0-30, 31-60 and 61-100 cm. Each site representing one agroforestry systems was grouped according to vegetation stand. For each vegetation stand, representative samples were taken from upper storey and under storey above ground biomass, floor litters and soil. Samples were analyzed for carbon content at International Rice Research Institute’s (IRRI) Analytical Service Laboratories(ASL), Los Baños, Laguna using Dumas Combustion Method. The SOC in the soil depths (0-30, 31-60 and 61-100 cm) did not vary significantly in the two agroforestry systems. The above ground upperstorey biomass had the most carbon followed by the carbon stored in the soil, then, above ground understorey biomass and lastly, floor litters. The above ground upperstorey biomass of the fruit tree-based agroforestry system had slightly higher carbon stock at 38.92 tC ha-1 compared with the forest tree-based agroforestry system at 34.66 tC ha-1 due to the lanzones fruit tress. The 4 – year old falcata-based agroforestry systems had higher annual C sequestration of 14 tC ha-1 yr-1 while the lanzones-based agroforestry system had 1.8 tC ha-1 yr-1. Nevertheless, whatever is the main tree component, agroforestry performs ecological services as in carbon sequestration and at the same time provides financial benefits.

ESTIMATION OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF THE THREE SITES (GRAZED SITE, PROTECTED SITE AND SEED SOWN SITE) FOR COMPARING THEIR PRODUCTIVITY IN KASHMIR VALLEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AFSHAN ANJUM BABA ◽  
SYED NASEEM UL-ZAFAR GEELANI ◽  
ISHRAT SALEEM ◽  
MOHIT HUSAIN ◽  
PERVEZ AHMAD KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Protected Site

The plant biomass for protected areas was maximum in summer (1221.56 g/m2) and minimum in winter (290.62 g/m2) as against grazed areas having maximum value 590.81 g/m2 in autumn and minimum 183.75 g/m2 in winter. Study revealed that at Protected site (Kanidajan) the above ground biomass ranged was from a minimum (1.11 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum (4.58 t ha-1) in the summer season while at Grazed site (Yousmarag), the aboveground biomass varied from a minimum (0.54 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum of 1.48 t ha-1 in summer seasonandat Seed sown site (Badipora), the lowest value of aboveground biomass obtained was 4.46 t ha-1 in spring while as the highest (7.98 t ha-1) was obtained in summer.

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

scholarly journals The climatic imprint of bimodal distributions in vegetation cover for western Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3343-3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zun Yin ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker ◽  
Bart J. J. M. van den Hurk ◽  
Henk A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Woody Cover

Abstract. Observed bimodal distributions of woody cover in western Africa provide evidence that alternative ecosystem states may exist under the same precipitation regimes. In this study, we show that bimodality can also be observed in mean annual shortwave radiation and above-ground biomass, which might closely relate to woody cover due to vegetation–climate interactions. Thus we expect that use of radiation and above-ground biomass enables us to distinguish the two modes of woody cover. However, through conditional histogram analysis, we find that the bimodality of woody cover still can exist under conditions of low mean annual shortwave radiation and low above-ground biomass. It suggests that this specific condition might play a key role in critical transitions between the two modes, while under other conditions no bimodality was found. Based on a land cover map in which anthropogenic land use was removed, six climatic indicators that represent water, energy, climate seasonality and water–radiation coupling are analysed to investigate the coexistence of these indicators with specific land cover types. From this analysis we find that the mean annual precipitation is not sufficient to predict potential land cover change. Indicators of climate seasonality are strongly related to the observed land cover type. However, these indicators cannot predict a stable forest state under the observed climatic conditions, in contrast to observed forest states. A new indicator (the normalized difference of precipitation) successfully expresses the stability of the precipitation regime and can improve the prediction accuracy of forest states. Next we evaluate land cover predictions based on different combinations of climatic indicators. Regions with high potential of land cover transitions are revealed. The results suggest that the tropical forest in the Congo basin may be unstable and shows the possibility of decreasing significantly. An increase in the area covered by savanna and grass is possible, which coincides with the observed regreening of the Sahara.

Above-ground biomass estimation of Indian tropical forests using X band Pol-InSAR and Random Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 100462
Author(s):  
Sadhana Yadav ◽  
Hitendra Padalia ◽  
Sanjiv K. Sinha ◽  
Ritika Srinet ◽  
Prakash Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
X Band

scholarly journals Comparison of Capability of SAR and Optical Data in Mapping Forest above Ground Biomass Based on Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Negar Tavasoli ◽  
Hossein Arefi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Sentinel 2

Assessment of forest above ground biomass (AGB) is critical for managing forest and understanding the role of forest as source of carbon fluxes. Recently, satellite remote sensing products offer the chance to map forest biomass and carbon stock. The present study focuses on comparing the potential use of combination of ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1 SAR data, with Sentinel-2 optical data to estimate above ground biomass and carbon stock using Genetic-Random forest machine learning (GA-RF) algorithm. Polarimetric decompositions, texture characteristics and backscatter coefficients of ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1, and vegetation indices, tasseled cap, texture parameters and principal component analysis (PCA) of Sentinel-2 based on measured AGB samples were used to estimate biomass. The overall coefficient (R2) of AGB modelling using combination of ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1 data, and Sentinel-2 data were respectively 0.70 and 0.62. The result showed that Combining ALOSPALSAR and Sentinel-1 data to predict AGB by using GA-RF model performed better than Sentinel-2 data.

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