scholarly journals Habermas’s Politics of Rational Freedom: Navigating the History of Philosophy between Faith and Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-218
Author(s):  
Peter J. Verovšek
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rational Freedom ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractDespite his hostility to religion in his early career, since the turn of the century Habermas has devoted his research to the relationship between faith and knowledge. His two-volume Auch eine Geschichte der Philosophie is the culmination of this project. Spurred by the attacks of 9/11 and the growing conflict between religion and the forces of secularization, I argue that this philosophy of history is the centerpiece of an important turning point in Habermas’s intellectual development. Instead of interpreting religion merely as part of the history of postmetaphysical thinking, Habermas now sees it as a crucial normative resource for both philosophy and social cohesion in the future aswell. Despite its backward-looking approach,my basic thesis is that this book is best understood as a forward-looking appeal for a tolerant, self-reflective democratic politics that brings religious and secular citizens together dialogically through the cooperative use of their rational freedom.

Ethics, Secular and Religious

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Teehan
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Religious Ethics ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Morality ◽  
The Relationship

Morality from an evolutionary perspective is a code of conduct that regulates behavior within a group in order to promote social cohesion and stability. Both religion and secularism are grounded in the same moral psychology. How should the distinction between secular and religious ethics be assessed? Religious morality is a late-comer to the natural history of morality, reinforcing much of morality with a worldview about unnatural powers that humans’ brains are prone to projecting onto reality. However, the natural history of morality reveals that religious moral traditions do not originate moral rules but instead reinforce ancient moral intuitions. Secularism as a worldview works within an immanent frame, compared to the transcendent frame of religious worldviews. This distinction is helpful in understanding the relationship between religious violence and secular-ideological driven violence.

“We cannot spare you”: Phillips Brooks's Break with the Evangelical Party, 1859–1873

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-953
Author(s):  
Gillis J. Harp
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
American Christianity ◽  
Liberal Protestantism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
American Evangelicalism ◽  
Church Historians

Despite renewed scholarly interest in Evangelical Episcopalianism recently, important questions persist about the party's demise in the last third of the nineteenth century. Though church historians have advanced some plausible explanations for its disappearance, these interpretations need now to be tested by more narrowly focused studies of individuals, both committed party men and their less partisan allies. Concomitant questions also linger about the relationship between Evangelicals and the emergent Broad Church movement within the American church and within the Anglican communion generally. Exactly how did Low Church Evangelicals become Low Church liberals by the turn of the century? More importantly, this subject has a broader significance for the history of American Christianity at large. Pursuing the foregoing questions can shed considerable light on the parallel transformation of a moderately Reformed American evangelicalism into turn-of-the-century liberal Protestantism.

Travel Writing, Experiences, and Silences: What is Left Out of European Travelers' Accounts—the Case of Richard D. Mohun

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Barrett-Gaines
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
West African ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
African History ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Recent contributions to this journal have taken various approaches to travelers's accounts as sources of African history. Elizabeth de Veer and Ann O'Hear use the travel accounts of Gerhard Rohlfs to reconstruct nineteenth-century political and economic history of West African groups who have escaped scholarly attention. But essentially they use Rohlfs' work as he intended it to be used. Gary W. Clendennen examines David Livingstone's work to find the history under the propaganda. He argues that, overlooking its obvious problems, the work reveals a wealth of information on nineteenth-century cultures in the Zambezi and Tchiri valleys. Unfortunately, Clendennen does not use this source for these reasons. He uses it instead to shed light on the relationship between Livingstone and his brother.John Hanson registers a basic distrust of European mediated oral histories recorded and written in the African past. He draws attention to the fact that what were thought to be “generally agreed upon accounts” may actually reflect partisan interests. Hanson dramatically demonstrates how chunks of history, often the history of the losers, are lost, as the history of the winners is made to appear universal. Richard Mohun can be seen to represent the winners in turn-of-the-century Central Africa. His account is certainly about himself. I attempt, though, to use his account to recover some of the history of the losers, the Africans, which Mohun may have inadvertently recorded.My question is double; its two parts—one historical, one methodological—are inextricably interdependent. The first concerns the experience of the people from Zanzibar who accompanied, carried, and worked for Richard Dorsey Mohun on a three-year (1898-1901) expedition into Central Africa to lay telegraph wire. The second wonders how and how well the first question can be answered using, primarily, the only sources available to me right now: those written by Mohun himself.

scholarly journals N.I. KAREEV ON THE DIALOGUE OF CULTURES IN LINE WITH THE VIEWS OF WESTERN EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS OF XVIII-XIX CENTURIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-161
Author(s):  
Елена Евгеньевна Михайлова ◽  
Надежда Александровна Соболева
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Western European ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

Рассматривается диалог культур в трактовке западноевропейских мыслителей XVIII-XIX вв. Показано, что изучение истории взаимоотношений различных, в своем основании и формах, культур прошло три содержательных этапа: первый - начало «разговора» о взаимоотношении культур и постановка понятий «Запад» и «Восток» (просветители); второй - смещение вопроса о дуальности «Запад - Восток» на уровень дилеммы философии истории и всемирной истории (представители немецкой классической философии); третий - применение новой, многофакторной методологии (позитивисты). Сделан вывод о том, что русский историк и представитель позитивистской философии истории Н.И. Кареев дал конструктивно-критическую оценку воззрениям западноевропейских мыслителей на проблему взаимоотношений разных культур и творчески использовал их идеи в построении своей философии истории. The article deals with the dialogue of cultures in the interpretation of Western European thinkers of the XVIII-XIX centuries. It is shown that the study of the history of relations between cultures, which differ in their basis and forms, has passed three meaningful stages. The first stage is the beginning of a «conversation» about the relationship of cultures and the formulation of the concepts of «West» and «East» (enlighteners). The second stage is characterized by a shift of the question of the duality of «West-East» to the level of the dilemma of the philosophy of history and world history (representatives of German classical philosophy). The third stage is the application of a new, multi-factor methodology (positivists). It is concluded that the Russian historian and representative of the positivist philosophy of history N.I. Kareev gave a constructive and critical assessment of the views of Western European thinkers on the problem of relations between different cultures and creatively used their ideas in building his philosophy of history.

龔自珍戒詩歷程考論

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 053-068
Author(s):  
張日郡 張日郡
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Chinese Poetry ◽  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>龔自珍為清代著名的詩人及思想家，而這樣一位「但開風氣不為師」的詩人，一生有過幾次自覺戒詩的經驗，而「戒詩」的現象在中國詩歌史上相當特殊的，詩人為何要戒詩，而又破戒？龔自珍內心「寫作的焦慮」之根源是什麼？本文試圖從兩個方面切入，其一、爬梳相關文獻，先行探求龔自珍的詩學觀，唯有如此，我們才能從中得知為何是戒「詩」。其二、切入相關詩歌文本，觀看龔自珍自己如何看待自己的「戒詩」與「破戒」的說法。最後，分析兩者之間的關係，以及變化。期能為龔自珍之相關研究做出一點貢獻。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Gong Zizhen was a famous poet and thinker in the Qing dynasty. The era he lived was a turning point from flourish to the decadence, from tradition to modern. This phenomenon can be read in the works from Gong Zizhen and it’s also the key point for emancipation of the ideas in late Qing dynasty. Gong Zizhen who leaded the fashion but not stood under the spotlight, he had many experiences of quitting writing poetry. Quitting writing poetry is a special phenomenon in the history of the Chinese poetry, why did poet want to quit? The thesis studied these from two aspects. The first is to explore the poetry concept of Gong Zizhen through article review so that it may be understood why he choose to quit writing poetry? Second, it could be discovered how did Gong Zizhen treat his explain about quitting writing poetry and breaking it repeatedly by reviewing related poetries. Last, analyzing the relationship and transformation between the two. Expecting to offer some contributions for the study of Gong Zizhen.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Postscript

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Scottish Literature ◽  
Imperial Expansion ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
British State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The interwar period marked a major turning point in the history of Scottish literature. The story of Scots before MacDiarmid’s recasting of it as synthetic Lallans was happily enmeshed in the experience of Britishness and of Britain’s imperial expansion overseas. As far back as the eighteenth century, Scots and English were viewed by Scots philologists as Saxon–British cognates. The emergence of an antithetical relationship of Scots and English was largely a twentieth-century phenomenon. Indeed, MacDiarmid entirely reconceptualized the relationship of Scottish literature to the post-1707 British state. A partner nation of enthusiastic imperialists was reimagined as an oppressed colony. Scottish literature, both its practitioners and its critics, embarked on a process of forgetting Scotland’s complicity in Britishness and Empire.

scholarly journals A LÍNGUA DAS ONÇAS E DAS LONTRAS / The language of jaguars and otters

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (40) ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Renata Marquez
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Aesthetics And Politics ◽  
Art And Politics ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
Isabelle Stengers ◽  
The Relationship

O artigo reflete sobre a relação entre estética e política tendo como ponto de inflexão a proposição cosmopolítica apresentada por Isabelle Stengers em 1997. A partir do diálogo com obras de Denilson Baniwa e de Isael Maxakali, este ensaio discute o encontro de conceitos da filosofia política com conceitos antropológicos, no intuito de vislumbrar outra história da arte, em presença da epistemologia estética indígenas.Palavras-chave: Arte e política; Cosmopolítica; Isael Maxakali; Denilson Baniwa.AbstractThe article reflects on the relationship between aesthetics and politics with the cosmopolitical proposition presented by Isabelle Stengers in 1997 as a turning point. Based on the dialogue with works by Denilson Baniwa and Isael Maxakali, this essay discusses the meeting of concepts of political philosophy with anthropological concepts, in order to glimpse another history of art, in the presence of indigenous aesthetic epistemology.Keywords: Art and politics; Cosmopolitics; Isael Maxakali; Denilson Baniwa.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Erik Mathisen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nation States ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Civil War Era ◽  
The Relationship

The Civil War marked a turning point not only in the history of the republic, but the history of citizenship in the United States as well. But there is more to this moment than might appear on the surface. What this book stakes out are a new set of questions about what it meant to be a citizen, how Americans thought about it, and just how much the rapid development of two warring nation-states brought the relationship between citizens and states into such sharp relief. By placing ideas about obligation at the center of a history of citizenship during the Civil War era, The Loyal Republic charts new ground.

The Future of the Novel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Boxall ◽  
Bryan Cheyette
Keyword(s):  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter addresses the future of the novel. It also reflects on the possibility and nature of historical change. The push and pull between the novel as an expressive symptom of an ailing culture, and the novel as the engine for the production of new cultural possibilities, runs through the long history of novelists’ reflections on the future of the novel. From our perspective in the early decades of the twenty-first century, the perception of a watershed triggered by 1973, and a new understanding of the relationship between style, fiction, and knowledge, seems remarkably prescient. Moreover, the new generation of novelists that have emerged since the turn of the century have collectively registered the re-emergence of a kind of historical vitality in the culture.

scholarly journals Development in the Context of Genesis and References to Origin. Rereading L.S. Vygotsky

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
D.M. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Development ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

It seems axiomatic that personality development involves the development of intellectual and other abili¬ties. However, if we speak about emotional development, its necessity cannot be supported theoretically since no object of emotions is involved or any of their specific forms (for instance, it is not common to consider "the development of emotional abilities"). Thus, "emotional development" is deprived of any ontological support as well as of criteria, tools etc. Critique of widespread theoretical concepts, in particular, those of psychoanalysis and cultural-historical theory, and reconstruction of phylogenesis enabled the author to propose a more pre¬cise definition of the content of "emotional sphere". "The history of childhood" is reviewed through the per¬spective of fundamental metamorphoses including childhood as a one-off rite of passage; the prototype of child¬hood as a period of animation; the modern notion of childhood (formed during the Enlightenment era) with its supremacy of play and intellectual development. For the first time the paper explores the inner metamorphoses of motivations and conditions required for their initiation. The core opposition between nature and culture that underpins the history of pedagogical thought is interpreted in the light of "two natures": one referring to the unprecedented, determined by coherent spontaneous reactions, and the other based on knowledge and algorithmic reactions, the two developing simultaneously and becoming effective only through their intercon¬nection. The relationship of these two natures (conceptualized by L.S. Vygotsky as the relationship between thought and affect) is projected into the area of fundamental approximations of world perception.

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