scholarly journals Radioactive nuclei for β + γ PET and theranostics: selected candidates

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Matulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Radioactive Tracer ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Additional Radiation ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Theranostic Applications ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Positron emission tomography (PET) is an established medical diagnostic imaging method. Continuous improvements are aimed at refining image reconstruction, reducing the amount of radioactive tracer and combining with targeted therapy. Time-of-flight (TOF)-PET provides the localization of the tracer through improved time resolution, nuclear physics may contribute to this goal via selection of radioactive nuclei emitting additional γ-rays. This additional radiation, when properly detected, localizes the decay of the tracer at the line of response (LoR) determined by two detected 511 keV quanta. Selected candidates are presented. Some are particularly interesting, as they are strong candidates for theranostic applications.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for Flow Measurement

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 1316-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Ruggles ◽  
Bi Yao Zhang ◽  
Spero M. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Pet Tracer ◽  
Positron Emission

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) produces a three dimensional spatial distribution of positron-electron annihilations within an image volume. Various positron emitters are available for use in aqueous, organic and liquid metal flows. Preliminary experiments at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville (UTK) injected small flows of PET tracer into a bulk water flow in a four rod bundle. The trajectory and diffusion of the tracer in the bulk flow were then mapped using a PET scanner. A spatial resolution of 1.4 mm is achieved with current preclinical Micro-PET imaging equipment resulting in 200 MB 3D activity fields. A time resolved 3-D spatial activity profile was also measured. The PET imaging method is especially well suited to complex geometries where traditional optical methods such as LDV and PIV are difficult to apply. PET methods are uniquely useful for imaging in opaque fluids, opaque pressure boundaries, and multiphase studies. Several commercial and shareware Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes are currently used for science and engineering analysis and design. These codes produce detailed three dimensional flow predictions. The models produced by these codes are often difficult to validate. The development of this experimental technique offers a modality for the comparison of CFD outcomes with experimental data. Developed data sets from PET can be used in verification and validation exercises of simulation outcomes.

Is There a Role for Positron Emission Tomography in Breast Cancer Staging?

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole C. Hodgson ◽  
Karen Y. Gulenchyn
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Impact

Positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a radiotracer imaging method that is used in the care of patients with cancer. We conducted a nonsystematic review of the literature regarding the applicability of this technique in patients with breast cancer, encompassing the impact of FDG-PET on surgical management, including axillary node staging and sentinel lymph node biopsy; the use of FDG-PET in the evaluation of the primary tumor; the role of FDG-PET in the evaluation of distant metastases both at diagnosis and in the investigation of suspected recurrence; and the ability of FDG-PET to predict treatment response. FDG-PET is not sufficiently sensitive to replace histologic surgical staging of the axilla. Although FDG avidity of the primary tumor has been shown to be an unfavorable indicator, there is insufficient information to recommend its routine use for this indication. FDG-PET is more sensitive than conventional imaging in the detection of metastatic or recurrent disease, but the impact of increased sensitivity on patient care and outcome has not been demonstrated. The data regarding prediction of treatment response are insufficient to reach any conclusion. There are a number of prospective, adequately powered clinical trials currently in progress that should provide more definitive answers regarding the role, if any, of this technique in the management of patients with breast cancer.

Utility of Integrated Computed Tomography—Positron Emission Tomography for Selection of Operable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad E. Wilcox ◽  
Rathan M. Subramaniam ◽  
Patrick J. Peller ◽  
Gregory L. Aughenbaugh ◽  
Francis C. Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Estimation of optimal number of gates in dual gated 18F-FDG cardiac PET

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Klén ◽  
J. Teuho ◽  
T. Noponen ◽  
K. Thielemans ◽  
E. Hoppela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Cardiac Pet ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Small Targets ◽  
Patient Studies ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Gating of positron emission tomography images has been shown to reduce the motion effects, especially when imaging small targets, such as coronary plaques. However, the selection of optimal number of gates for gating remains a challenge. Selecting too high number of gates results in a loss of signal-to-noise ratio, while too low number of gates does remove only part of the motion. Here, we introduce a respiratory-cardiac motion model to determine the optimal number of respiratory and cardiac gates. We evaluate the model using a realistic heart phantom and data from 12 cardiac patients (47–77 years, 64.5 on average). To demonstrate the benefits of our model, we compared it with an existing respiratory model. Based on our study, the optimal number of gates was determined to be five respiratory and four cardiac gates in the phantom and patient studies. In the phantom study, the diameter of the most active hot spot was reduced by 24% in the dual gated images compared to non-gated images. In the patient study, the thickness of myocardium wall was reduced on average by 21%. In conclusion, the motion model can be used for estimating the optimal number of respiratory and cardiac gates for dual gating.

Utilidad de la tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computada (PET/CT) en pacientes con diagnóstico de meduloblastoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Rocío Elizabeth García Dávila ◽  
Sergio Díaz Bello ◽  
Raúl Villanueva Rodríguez ◽  
René López León ◽  
Luis Valencia Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Somatostatin Receptors ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg

"PET/CT (positron emission tomography/computed tomography, for its acronym in English) is a unique imaging method that provides in vivo evidence of both biochemical and physiological activities of the brain, spinal cord and tumors that involve these structures. Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) in pediatric patients, so PET/CT plays an important role as it provides information on the grade and extent of the tumor as well as to determine the appropriate site for the biopsy, assessing the response to the treatment and the patient’s prognosis. There are different radiopharmaceuticals for the evaluation of central nervous system tumors, but 18F FDG (Fluor-2-fluoro-2-desoxy-D-glucose) and 68Ga-DOTA-NOC (68Ga-DOTA0-1NaI3-octreotide) have been studied to help us evaluate and follow up patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma. Medulloblastoma has an overexpression of glucose transporters, mainly type 1, and an overexpression of predominantly type 2 somatostatin receptors, which allows a high affinity for these radiopharmaceuticals. Key words: Medulloblastoma; positron emission tomography; PET/C; 18F-FDG; 68Ga-DOTA-NOC; brain tumor.

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