Working Time under Alternative Pay Contracts in the Ride-Sharing Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Belloc
Keyword(s):  
Network Effects ◽  
Network Externalities ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Static Model ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Intensive Margin ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Transportation Sector

AbstractWe study hours worked by drivers in the peer-to-peer transportation sector with cross-side network effects. Medallion lease (regulated market), commission-based (Uber-like pay) and profit-sharing (“pure” taxi coop) compensation schemes are compared. Our static model shows that network externalities matter, depending on the number of active drivers. When the number of drivers is limited, in the presence of positive network effects, a regulated system always induces more hours worked, while the commission fee influences the comparative incentives towards working time of Uber-like pay versus profit-sharing. When the number of drivers is infinite (or close to it), the influence of network externalities on optimal working time vanishes. Our model helps identifying which is the pay scheme that best remunerates longer working times and offers insights to regulators seeking to improve the intensive margin of coverage by taxi services.

scholarly journals Uncovering the Providers’ Continuance Intention of Participation in the Sharing Economy: A Moderated Mediation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5095
Author(s):  
Jiang Jiang ◽  
Rui Feng ◽  
Eldon Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Continuance Intention ◽  
Hedonic Value ◽  
Ride Sharing

The sharing economy has evolved into a promising business concept that enables individuals to share their idle resources, improving resource utilization efficiency commercially. Recently, it has gained enormous academic attention. However, little concern has been given to the behavior of individual providers on the supply side. This paper aims to uncover the motivational and trust-based providers’ continuance intention of participation in the context of peer-to-peer ride-sharing services. Based on the survey data from 202 providers and the partial least-square analysis, we confirm the mediating effect of attitude in the relationships between participation continuance intention; trust; and three motivational dimensions: economic benefits, social–hedonic value, and sustainability. We further confirm the moderating effects of innovativeness using PROCESS. The results show that economic benefits, social–hedonic value, and sustainability significantly affect providers’ participation continuance intention. Moreover, attitudes toward the sharing economy play a complementary partial-mediating role in the relationships from economic benefits and social–hedonic value to participation continuance intention, which is negatively moderated by innovativeness. Trust does not significantly affect providers’ attitude toward the sharing economy and participation continuance intention in the peer-to-peer ride-sharing context.

scholarly journals SURVEY ON PEER-TO-PEER RIDE SHARING FOR “POOL” A RIDE SHARING APP

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Agrawal ◽  
Harsh Agrawal ◽  
Avinash Bagul ◽  
Apurva Joshi ◽  
Ajinkya Ghorpade
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
The City

Many college students travel in public transports or walk a long distance to reach college. This is problematic because public transports can be slow and not available everywhere as they have a specific time of arrival in their stops and they have to halt at multiple places in the city which can make it quite time consuming for passengers to reach their destinations. The goal of our project is to reduce this problem by providing a ride sharing application for institutes. This will be mutually beneficial for the students providing a ride and the students wanting to reach their destination quickly and cheaply as those who bring their own vehicles anyhow have to go to their homes without anyone sharing the ride with them. This will help them to earn money to at least cover their transportation or fuel cost and in-turn help provide a cheap ride to the ones in need. In this paper, we survey the work that deals with various paradigms of ride sharing and coincides with our idea for the application.

Wage, labour mobility and working time effects of profit sharing

Empirica ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Hart ◽  
Olaf H�bler
Keyword(s):  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Labour Mobility ◽  
Time Effects ◽  
Wage Labour

scholarly journals How Do Hours Worked Vary with Income? Cross-Country Evidence and Implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bick ◽  
Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln ◽  
David Lagakos
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
High Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Intensive Margin ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Individual

This paper builds a new internationally comparable database of hours worked to measure how hours vary with income across and within countries. We document that average hours worked per adult are substantially higher in low-income countries than in high-income countries. The pattern of decreasing hours with aggregate income holds for both men and women, for adults of all ages and education levels, and along both the extensive and intensive margin. Within countries, hours worked per worker are also decreasing in the individual wage for most countries, though in the richest countries, hours worked are flat or increasing in the wage. One implication of our findings is that aggregate productivity and welfare differences across countries are larger than currently thought. (JEL E23, E24, J22, J31, O11, O15)

scholarly journals Network Externality: An Uncommon Tragedy

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J Liebowitz ◽  
Stephen E Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Network Externalities ◽  
Network Externality ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Transition Problem

Economists have defined ‘network externality’ and have examined putative inframarginal market failures associated with it. This paper distinguishes between network effects and network externalities, where the latter are market failures. The authors argue that while network effects are important, network externalities are theoretically fragile and empirically undocumented. Some network externalities are merely pecuniary. Network ownership or transactions among network participants can internalize some network effects. The type of market failure that has been associated with these externalities is a transition problem that has little to do with externality.

scholarly journals Flexibilidad del tiempo de trabajo en España:

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Julián Moral Carcedo ◽  
Fernando García Belenguer-Campos ◽  
Valentín Bote Álvarez-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Spanish Economy ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Part Time

In this paper we study how the part time employment and its determinants have evolved after the great recession started in 2008. As a consequence of the deepness of the recession, the Spanish economy has destroyed more than two million full time jobs. At the same time, the number of part-time jobs has slightly risen, but this evolution has not had a significant impact on the distribution of hours worked, which shows the lack of flexibility of our economy to deal with demand shortfalls by redistributing working time.

Should Buyers Try to Shape IT Markets Through Nonmarket (Collective) Action? Antecedents of a Transaction Cost Theory of Network Effects

2011 ◽  
pp. 163-184
Author(s):  
Kai Reimers ◽  
Mingzhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Network Externalities ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Set Up

This chapter develops a transaction cost theoretic model of network effects and applies it to assessing the chances of users to influence, through collective action, the range of technological choices available to them on IT markets. The theoretical basis of the model is formulated through a number of empirically refutable propositions that overcome some conceptual and empirical difficulties encountered by the traditional interpretation of network effects as (positive) network externalities. The main difference between our model and modeling network effects as network externalities is that network effects are seen as caused by the costs of purchasing and marketing new technology, that is, transaction costs, rather than by the benefits of using a new technology. A first application of the model suggests that users can significantly improve the chances of replacing an established technology with a new, potentially superior one if they set up an organizational structure that serves as a conduit of information exchange and knowledge sharing. This, however, would call for a rather different type of collective user action than exists today in the form of user groups.

Payment Systems as a Driver for Platform Growth in E-Commerce

2022 ◽  
pp. 299-323
Author(s):  
Carin Rehncrona
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Network Externalities ◽  
Network Economics ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Service Ecosystem ◽  
Platform Economy

This chapter visits some of the fundamental concepts from platform economics, network effects, and network externalities. Further on, it discusses definitions of two-sided and multi-sided markets, how they are treated as business models. These concepts are further compared to the concept service ecosystem. A case of a payment service provider whose business model contributes to the growth of e-commerce is included. The purpose is to tease out how research on platforms has developed since e-commerce was in its infancy. The fundamental concepts developed in network economics are still valid and have been translated into different fields with a focus on value creation, information, and interaction. How platforms within platforms spur each other's growth is an area that has the potential to reach new insights on the platform economy.

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