scholarly journals Assessment of network traffic congestion through Traffic Congestability Value (TCV): a new index

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (30) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanchal Patel ◽  
Alok Bhushan Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Network Congestion ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Time Average ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Congestion Index ◽  
New Formula

Abstract Traffic congestion is a major and growing problem in urban areas across the globe. It reduces the effective spatial interaction between different locations. To mitigate traffic congestion, not only the actual status of different routes needs to be known but also it is imperative to determine network congestion in different spatial zones associated with distinct land use classes. In the present paper, a new formula is proposed to quantify traffic congestion in the different spatial zones of a study area characterized by distinct land use classes. The proposed formula is termed the Traffic Congestability Value (TCV). The formula considers three major influencing factors: congestion index value, pedestrian movement and road surface conditions; since these parameters are significantly related to land use in a region. The different traffic congestion parameters, i.e. travel time, average speed and the proportion of time stopped, were collected in real time. Lower values of TCV correspond to a higher degree of congestion in the respective spatial zones and vice-versa and the results were validated in the field. TCV differs from the previous approaches to quantifying traffic congestion since it focuses on the causes of network congestion while in previous works the focus was generally on link flow congestion.

scholarly journals Assessment of road traffic performance of the Tsunami evacuation road in Padang Municipality area based on the traffic volume simulation approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Yossyafra Yossyafra ◽  
Nurhuda Fitri ◽  
Rahmat Punama Sidhi ◽  
Yosritzal Yosritzal ◽  
Deni Irda Mazni
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
The Road ◽  
Tsunami Disaster

There are many cities on the west coast of the Sumatra, which are at high risk of the Tsunami disaster. Regional Regulations on Regional Spatial Planning for each City/ Regency have compiled disaster mitigation by constructing several evacuation roads. This study wants to illustrate: what are the volume of traffic generation and road performance, if there is a Tsunami disaster. The simulation is developed by predicting traffic volume based on parameters, population density, vehicle ownership, land use, and activities in the area around the road. The assessment was carried out on two tsunami evacuation roads in the city of Padang, West Sumatra Province. The results show that the highest traffic volume occurred in the period from 06.30 a.m until 3:00 p.m., during school activities. One of the roads will not be able to accommodate the volume of traffic during a disaster, due to significant traffic congestion. This study shows that: (1) the period of activity and land use are two main parameters, which must be considered in designing tsunami evacuation roads, (2) The degree of saturation ratio and the ratio between the capacity of sections of Tsunami evacuation routes can be proposed as a parameter for assessing the performance of Tsunami evacuation roads in urban areas.

How does parking availability interplay with the land use and affect traffic congestion in urban areas? The case study of Xi’an, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 102126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Shen ◽  
Yu Hong ◽  
Michelle M. Thompson ◽  
Jiaping Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sustainability of Zhengzhou’s Land Use

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Shenghui Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Data Normalization ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Comprehensive Index ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Resource Environment

Land is not only a major space for human production and living, but also one of the most precious resources to humans. As a space carrier of urban construction, urban land resources constitute the part with the highest asset benefit among land resources, offering an essential space for economic reproduction, population reproduction and environment reproduction in urban areas. To sum up, urban land resources are the material basis, guaranteeing sustainability of urban development.In this paper, changes of sustainability of land use in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed so as to evaluate sustainability level of land use in Zhengzhou. Based on correlation analysis, resource, environment, economy and society were selected as four evaluation indexes, and their weights were determined. Then, the method of maximum was used to realize data normalization, and the comprehensive index value was computed. Finally, sustainability of Zhengzhou’s land use was comprehensively evaluated. Taken as a whole, sustainability of Zhengzhou’s land use was improving from 2011 to 2015, but the comprehensive sustainability level was still low, calling for further strengthening. From 2014 to 2015, the sustainability level of land use was still on the downward.

Application of AHP-GIS Technology to Assess Congestion Vulnerability, a Case Study of Ranchi City, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-42
Author(s):  
Alok Bhushan Mukherjee ◽  
Akhouri Pramod Krishna ◽  
Nilanchal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Smooth Flow ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Congestion Index

Urban traffic congestion is a multi-dimensional phenomenon and therefore, is sensitive to certain influencing factors behaving in a random manner. Consequently, the possibility of a route characterized by smooth flow of traffic becoming congested cannot be ruled out. The present research investigation attempts to categorize different routes of the study area in terms of their degree of congestion vulnerability. Average Speed (AS), Delay Ratio of Average Speed (DRAS), Stopped Time (ST), Stopped Time Gradient (STG), and Absolute Deviation in Congestion Index Value (ADCIV) were identified as the potential influencing factors. The AHP was employed to rank the importance of the aforementioned influencing factors in triggering congestion that can sometimes lead to traffic deadlock. On the other hand, the GIS Weighted Sum Overlay technique was employed to determine the integrated impact of the influencing factors on the behavior of traffic flow. The results showed close agreement with the real scenario of the traffic congestion observed in the field.

GIS-Based Urban Land Use and Traffic Coordination Evaluation System

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jie Sun ◽  
Wen Xin Qiao ◽  
Yong Sheng Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Planning Scheme

To relieve the traffic congestion in urban areas, one approach is to modify the current planning scheme based on the balance between traffic supply and demand. Based on the proposed GIS platform, this paper analyzes the interactive relationship between land use and traffic system. Feasibility judgment of planning scheme is implemented based on land attribute, represented by urban floor area ratio and road area ratio. TransCAD based simulation is used to evaluate the planning scheme by traffic flow and the saturation of each link. Comparisons between traffic generation and traffic network capacity, based on a two-dimensional model of Space and Time Consuming Method, is presented to verify the coordination between urban traffic and land use. A real-world case study is implemented to test the efficiency and applicability of the proposed model and computing methods.

Smart Driving System for Improving Traffic Flow

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
L. N. Padhy ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Padhi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adaptive Cruise Control ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Driving System ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control

Traffic congestion on road networks is one of the most significant problems that is faced in almost all urban areas. Driving under traffic congestion compels frequent idling, acceleration, and braking, which increase energy consumption and wear and tear on vehicles. By efficiently maneuvering vehicles, traffic flow can be improved. An Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system in a car automatically detects its leading vehicle and adjusts the headway by using both the throttle and the brake. Conventional ACC systems are not suitable in congested traffic conditions due to their response delay.  For this purpose, development of smart technologies that contribute to improved traffic flow, throughput and safety is needed. In today’s traffic, to achieve the safe inter-vehicle distance, improve safety, avoid congestion and the limited human perception of traffic conditions and human reaction characteristics constrains should be analyzed. In addition, erroneous human driving conditions may generate shockwaves in addition which causes traffic flow instabilities. In this paper to achieve inter-vehicle distance and improved throughput, we consider Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) system. CACC is then implemented in Smart Driving System. For better Performance, wireless communication is used to exchange Information of individual vehicle. By introducing vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication and vehicle to roadside infrastructure (V2R) communications, the vehicle gets information not only from its previous and following vehicle but also from the vehicles in front of the previous Vehicle and following vehicle. This enables a vehicle to follow its predecessor at a closer distance under tighter control.

IMPACTS OF URBAN LAND USE ON CRIME PATTERNS THROUGH GIS APPLICATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazri Muhamad Ludin ◽  
Norsiah Abd. Aziz ◽  
Nooraini Hj Yusoff ◽  
Wan Juliyana Wan Abd Razak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Patterns

Land use planning plays a crucial role in creating a balance between the needs of society, physical development and the ecosystem. However, most often poor planning and displacement of land uses particularly in urban areas contribute to social ills such as drug abuse and criminal activities. This research explains the spatial relationship of drug abuse and other criminal activities on urban land use planning and their implications on the society at large. Spatial statistics was used to show patterns, trends and spatial relationships of crimes and land use planning. Data on crime incidents were obtained from the Royal Malaysia Police Department whilst cases of drug abuse were collected from the National Anti-Drug Agency (AADK). Analysis of the data together with digital land use maps produced by Arnpang Jaya Municipal Council, showed the distribution of crime incidents and drug abuse in the area. Findings of the study also indicated that, there was a strong relationship between petty crimes, drng abuse and land use patterns. These criminal activities tend to concentrate in residential and commercial areas of the study area.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Urban Areas Using Remote Sensing Images and GIS Analysis: The Case Study of Opole, Poland

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Barbara Wiatkowska ◽  
Janusz Słodczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Stokowska
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Management Procedures

Urban expansion is a dynamic and complex phenomenon, often involving adverse changes in land use and land cover (LULC). This paper uses satellite imagery from Landsat-5 TM, Landsat-8 OLI, Sentinel-2 MSI, and GIS technology to analyse LULC changes in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The research was carried out in Opole, the capital of the Opole Agglomeration (south-western Poland). Maps produced from supervised spectral classification of remote sensing data revealed that in 20 years, built-up areas have increased about 40%, mainly at the expense of agricultural land. Detection of changes in the spatial pattern of LULC showed that the highest average rate of increase in built-up areas occurred in the zone 3–6 km (11.7%) and above 6 km (10.4%) from the centre of Opole. The analysis of the increase of built-up land in relation to the decreasing population (SDG 11.3.1) has confirmed the ongoing process of demographic suburbanisation. The paper shows that satellite imagery and GIS can be a valuable tool for local authorities and planners to monitor the scale of urbanisation processes for the purpose of adapting space management procedures to the changing environment.

scholarly journals Correlating elements content in mosses collected in 2015 across Germany with spatially associated characteristics of sampling sites and their surroundings

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Nickel ◽  
Winfried Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Tree Layer

Abstract Background The aim of the study was a statistical evaluation of the statistical relevance of potentially explanatory variables (atmospheric deposition, meteorology, geology, soil, topography, sampling, vegetation structure, land-use density, population density, potential emission sources) correlated with the content of 12 heavy metals and nitrogen in mosses collected from 400 sites across Germany in 2015. Beyond correlation analysis, regression analysis was performed using two methods: random forest regression and multiple linear regression in connection with commonality analysis. Results The strongest predictor for the content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and N in mosses was the sampled species. In 2015, the atmospheric deposition showed a lower predictive power compared to earlier campaigns. The mean precipitation (2013–2015) is a significant factor influencing the content of Cd, Pb and Zn in moss samples. Altitude (Cu, Hg and Ni) and slope (Cd) are the strongest topographical predictors. With regard to 14 vegetation structure measures studied, the distance to adjacent tree stands is the strongest predictor (Cd, Cu, Hg, Zn, N), followed by the tree layer height (Cd, Hg, Pb, N), the leaf area index (Cd, N, Zn), and finally the coverage of the tree layer (Ni, Cd, Hg). For forests, the spatial density in radii 100–300 km predominates as significant predictors for Cu, Hg, Ni and N. For the urban areas, there are element-specific different radii between 25 and 300 km (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, N) and for agricultural areas usually radii between 50 and 300 km, in which the respective land use is correlated with the element contents. The population density in the 50 and 100 km radius is a variable with high explanatory power for all elements except Hg and N. Conclusions For Europe-wide analyses, the population density and the proportion of different land-use classes up to 300 km around the moss sampling sites are recommended.

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