Production of gender-specific morning salivary cortisol reference intervals using internationally accepted procedures

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan S. Patel ◽  
Steve R. Shaw ◽  
Halena MacIntyre ◽  
Gerald W. McGarry ◽  
A. Michael Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Free Plasma

AbstractBackground: Salivary cortisol concentrations correlate well with biologically active unbound free plasma cortisol concentrations. Despite its practical and analytical advantages, salivary cortisol measurement has been used mainly as a research tool rather than for the routine evaluation of adrenal function. This may be partly explained by the lack of robust reference data in the literature.Methods: Using the recommended procedures for the production of reference intervals published by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry, we aimed to produce morning salivary cortisol reference intervals for males and females. Salivary cortisol was measured in 496 specimens collected from 248 reference individuals (128 males, median age 41years, range 16–86; and 120 females, median age 44years, range 16–98) attending an otorhinolaryngology clinic. Reference individuals mailed saliva specimens sampled on two consecutive mornings to our laboratory, where cortisol concentrations were measured.Results: Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation with age or body mass index. The following 95% gender-partitioned reference intervals were produced: males 10.9–40.3nmol/l; and females 9.3–40.3nmol/l.Conclusion: Knowledge of these salivary cortisol reference intervals helps us monitor the adrenal function of outpatients using topical intranasal glucocorticoids for rhinosinusitis.

Population-based pediatric reference intervals for general clinical chemistry analytes on the Abbott Architect ci8200 instrument

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ridefelt ◽  
Mattias Aldrimer ◽  
Per-Olof Rödöö ◽  
Frank Niklasson ◽  
Leif Jansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Daycare Centers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Abbott Architect

AbstractReference intervals are crucial decision-making tools aiding clinicians in differentiating between healthy and diseased populations. However, for children such values often are lacking or incomplete.Blood samples were obtained from 692 healthy children, aged 6 months to 18 years, recruited in daycare centers and schools. Twelve common general clinical chemistry analytes were measured on the Abbott Architect ci8200 platform; sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, albumin-adjusted calcium, phosphate, magnesium, creatinine (Jaffe and enzymatic), cystatin C, urea and uric acid.Age- and gender specific pediatric reference intervals were defined by calculating the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles.The data generated is primarily applicable to a Caucasian population when using the Abbott Architect platform, but could be used by any laboratory if validated for the local patient population.

Clinical chemistry reference database for Wistar rats and C57/BL6 mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 388 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Boehm ◽  
Berndt Zur ◽  
Alexander Koch ◽  
Nguyen Tran ◽  
Rainer Freyenhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Gender Specific Differences ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Retention Parameters ◽  
Important Marker

AbstractClinical chemistry data are decisive for evaluating altered organ function or damage in experimental animals. Few publications provide reliable clinical chemistry reference intervals, and analytical methods are often not described. Here, we investigated common clinical chemistry values in adult male and female Wistar rats and C57/BL6 mice (n=30/group). Blood samples were taken and analysed for electrolytes, substrates, metabolites and enzymes. In addition, we investigated cystatin C, an important marker of glomerular dysfunction. All data were obtained using commercially available kits frequently employed in most clinical chemistry laboratories and compared with data from other studies, as well as with human data. Significant gender-specific differences were observed in rats (electrolytes, retention parameters and transaminases) and in mice (cholesterol, glucose). High variability was noted for sodium, potassium, glucose, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and transaminase levels. Both rodent species showed markedly higher α-amylase activity than humans. This report demonstrates significant differences between genders for many analytes in rats and for fewer parameters in mice. Some reference values displayed major discrepancies between rodents and humans.

scholarly journals Establishment of Reference Intervals for Blood Urea Levels in Young Prospective Medical Students Undergoing Health Checkup at BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
KD Mehta ◽  
AK Nepal ◽  
AK Jha ◽  
BK Lal Das ◽  
M Lamsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Health Checkup ◽  
Diacetyl Monoxime

Background: Reference values or reference intervals are set of values of a certain type of quantity obtainable from a single individual or a group of individuals corresponding specific description.Objective: This study highlights the approach for determining the reference intervals for blood urea in a healthy population and establishes its upper and lower reference limits.Subjects and methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences from June 2009 to August 2009. International federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) priori sampling technique was used. Blood urea was estimated by diacetyl monoxime (DAM) and Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) kinetic methods. Reference intervals were defined as mean ± 1.96 SD. Mean and standard deviation for blood urea values were expressed as descriptive statistics.Results: The study included 60 individuals (36) 63% males and (24) 37 % females. Blood urea values by GLDH kinetic and DAM methods were 22.07 ± 5.6 mg/dl and 27.1 ±8.79 mg/dl respectively. Reference values of blood urea by GLDH kinetic and DAM methods were 16-28 mg/dl and 18-36 mg/dl respectively.Conclusions: This study highlights the establishment of reference intervals of blood urea levels from a healthy population. The reference intervals would enable the laboratory personnel and the clinicians to interpret the medical data.Health Renaissance, May-Aug 2010; Vol 8 (No.2):126-129  

Valid analytical performance specifications for combined analytical bias and imprecision for the use of common reference intervals

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-615
Author(s):  
Per Hyltoft Petersen ◽  
Flemming Lund ◽  
Callum G Fraser ◽  
Sverre Sandberg ◽  
György Sölétormos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Gaussian Distributions ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Performance Specifications ◽  
Constant Percentage

Background Many clinical decisions are based on comparison of patient results with reference intervals. Therefore, an estimation of the analytical performance specifications for the quality that would be required to allow sharing common reference intervals is needed. The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) recommended a minimum of 120 reference individuals to establish reference intervals. This number implies a certain level of quality, which could then be used for defining analytical performance specifications as the maximum combination of analytical bias and imprecision required for sharing common reference intervals, the aim of this investigation. Methods Two methods were investigated for defining the maximum combination of analytical bias and imprecision that would give the same quality of common reference intervals as the IFCC recommendation. Method 1 is based on a formula for the combination of analytical bias and imprecision and Method 2 is based on the Microsoft Excel formula NORMINV including the fractional probability of reference individuals outside each limit and the Gaussian variables of mean and standard deviation. The combinations of normalized bias and imprecision are illustrated for both methods. The formulae are identical for Gaussian and log-Gaussian distributions. Results Method 2 gives the correct results with a constant percentage of 4.4% for all combinations of bias and imprecision. Conclusion The Microsoft Excel formula NORMINV is useful for the estimation of analytical performance specifications for both Gaussian and log-Gaussian distributions of reference intervals.

Standardization of the Immunochemical Determination of Apolipoproteins A-I and B: A Report on the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Meeting on Standardization of Apolipoprotein A-I and B Measurements (Basis for Future Consensus), Vienna, Austria, April 18-19, 1989

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 2009-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santica M Marcovina ◽  
John J Albers
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Immunochemical Determination ◽  
Standardization Process

Abstract The central aim of standardization is to have accurate, reproducible apo A-I and B measurements for use in defining a person's risk for cardiovascular disease or in evaluating a therapeutic response. A common accuracy-based standardization program is indispensable in establishing international reference intervals for clinical use. It is therefore important that the standardization be implemented as soon as possible. Many problems of the standardization of apo A-I and B measurements have been presented and discussed in this meeting. Although immediate solutions to all the problems were not evident, following the recommendations from this meeting can significantly improve the standardization process. The next step is to determine uniform reference intervals, followed by a consensus conference on apolipoproteins to define the cutpoints (cutoff values) for clinical decisions.

The IFCC recommendation on estimation of reference intervals. The RefVal Program

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Erik Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
International Federation

AbstractThe International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) published between 1987–91 a series of six recommendations on reference values in laboratory medicine. This paper reviews the history and scope of the fifth part of these recommendations. This fifth recommendation deals with statistical methods used for analysis of reference values and estimation of reference intervals. The RefVal program, which implements the recommended method, is also described.

Gender specific paediatric reference data for muscle function parameters assessed using jumping mechanography

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonal Palande ◽  
Veena Ekbote ◽  
Shashi Chiplonkar ◽  
Raja Padidela ◽  
Zulf Mughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Jumping Mechanography ◽  
Gender Specific

Reference intervals of spinal mobility measures in normal individuals: the mobility study

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1218-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Ramiro ◽  
Astrid van Tubergen ◽  
Carmen Stolwijk ◽  
Désirée van der Heijde ◽  
Patrick Royston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Spinal Mobility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Spinal Flexion

ObjectivesTo establish reference intervals (RIs) for spinal mobility measures as recommended for patients with axial spondyloarthritis, and to determine the effect of age, height and gender on spinal mobility, in normal individuals.MethodsA cross-sectional study (MOBILITY) was conducted among normal individuals aged 20–69 years. Recruitment was stratified by gender, age (10-year categories) and height (10 cm categories). Eleven spinal mobility measures were assessed. Age specific RIs and percentiles were derived for each measure.Results393 volunteers were included. All spinal mobility measures decreased with increasing age. Therefore, age specific RIs were developed. The 95% RIs (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles), as well as the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles for each spinal mobility measure and different ages are presented. Mobility percentile curves were also plotted for each of the measures. For instance, the 95% RI for lateral spinal flexion was 16.2–28.0 cm for a 25-year-old subject, 13.2–25.0 cm for a 45-year-old subject and 10.1–21.9 cm for a 65-year-old subject. After adjustment for age, there was no need for gender specific RIs, while RIs of some measures are height-adjusted.ConclusionsAge specific RIs and percentiles were derived for each of the spinal mobility measures for normal individuals. These may guide clinicians when assessing the mobility of patients with axial spondyloarthritis. The RIs may serve as cut-off levels for ‘normal’ versus ‘abnormal’, whereas the mobility percentile curves may be used to assess the level of mobility of patients with axial spondyloarthritis.

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