scholarly journals Concept for parallel placement of flexible needles for Irreversible Electroporation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Hanbal Arif ◽  
Uwe Bernd Liehr ◽  
Johann Jakob Wendler ◽  
Michael Friebe ◽  
Axel Boese
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Irreversible Electroporation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Needle Placement ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment ◽  
Electrical Pulses

Abstract Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal tumor ablation treatment applicable for prostate cancer. IRE uses ultra-short but strong electrical pulses to destroy cancer cells nonthermally [1]. Clinically available IRE therapy requires two or more needle electrodes placed around the target tissue to apply the electric fields. A pre-requirement to achieve successful and effective ablation is an accurate and parallel needle placement to cover the tumor zone. Differences in tissue density, organ surface curvature as well as organ and patient motion in combination with long and highly flexible needle electrodes causes’ difficulties to achieve the desired target accuracy during needle placement process. We propose a concept of a shooting mechanism in combination with a grid template support to improve the parallel needle placement process for prostate cancer treatment. Instead of conventionally inserting the needle in the body by hand, it can be placed with high speed using a shooting device setup, that works similar like a biopsy gun.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling Axis as a Target for Prostate Cancer Therapeutics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhe Liu ◽  
Lingyun Wu ◽  
Sabine Montaut ◽  
Guangdong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was originally considered toxic at elevated levels; however just in the past decade H2S has been proposed to be an important gasotransmitter with various physiological and pathophysiological roles in the body. H2S can be generated endogenously from L-cysteine by multiple enzymes, including cystathionine gamma-lyase, cystathionine beta-synthase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in combination with cysteine aminotransferase. Prostate cancer is a major health concern and no effective treatment for prostate cancers is available. H2S has been shown to inhibit cell survival of androgen-independent, androgen-dependent, and antiandrogen-resistant prostate cancer cells through different mechanisms. Various H2S-releasing compounds, including sulfide salts, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, sulforaphane, and other polysulfides, also have been shown to inhibit prostate cancer growth and metastasis. The expression of H2S-producing enzyme was reduced in both human prostate cancer tissues and prostate cancer cells. Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is indispensable for the development of castration resistant prostate cancer, and H2S was shown to inhibit AR transactivation and contributes to antiandrogen-resistant status. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of H2S signaling in prostate cancer and described the molecular alterations, which may bring this gasotransmitter into the clinic in the near future for developing novel pharmacological and therapeutic interventions for prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Prostate cancer treatment with Irreversible Electroporation (IRE): Safety, efficacy and clinical experience in 471 treatments

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0215093 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Guenther ◽  
N. Klein ◽  
S. Zapf ◽  
S. Weil ◽  
C. Schlosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Irreversible Electroporation ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment

Design of an Irreversible Electroporation System for Clinical Use

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Bertacchini ◽  
Pier Mauro Margotti ◽  
Enrico Bergamini ◽  
Andrea Lodi ◽  
Mattia Ronchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Irreversible Electroporation ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Electrical Pulses ◽  
Effective Delivery

Irreversible electroporation is an ablation modality in which microseconds, high-voltage electrical pulses are applied to induce cell necrosis in a target tissue. To perform irreversible electroporation it is necessary to use a medical device specifically designed for this use. The design of an irreversible electroporation system is a complex task in which the effective delivery of high energy pulses and the safety of the patient and operator are equally important. Pulses of up to 3000 V of amplitude and 50 A of current need to be generated to irreversibly electroporate a target volume of approximately 50 to 70 cm3 with as many as six separate electrodes; therefore, a traditional approach based on high voltage amplifiers becomes hard to implement. In this paper, we present the process that led to the first irreversible electroporator capable of such performances approved for clinical use. The main design choices and its architecture are outlined. Safety issues are also explained along with the solutions adopted.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor, GGTI, and Docetaxel on the Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Han ◽  
Naohiro Fujimoto ◽  
Mizuki Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuro Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

Most advanced prostate cancers progress to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after a few years of androgen deprivation therapy and the prognosis of patients with CRPC is poor. Although docetaxel and cabazitaxel can prolong the survival of patients with CRPC, inevitable progression appears following those treatments. It is urgently required to identify better or alternative therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this study was to confirm the anti-cancer activity of zoledronic acid (Zol) and determine whether inhibition of geranylgeranylation in the mevalonate pathway could be a molecular target of prostate cancer treatment. We examined the growth inhibitory effect of Zol in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, PC3, DU145) and investigated a role of geranylgeranylation in the anticancer activity of Zol. We, then, evaluated the growth inhibitory effect of geranylgeranyltransferase inhibitor (GGTI), and analyzed the synergy of GGTI and docetaxel by combination index and isobolographic analysis. Zol inhibited the growth of all prostate cancer cell lines tested in a dose-dependent manner through inhibition of geranylgeranylation. GGTI also inhibited the prostate cancer cell growth and the growth inhibitory effect was augmented by a combination with docetaxel. Synergism between GGTI and docetaxel was observed across a broad range of concentrations. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that GGTI can inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells and has synergistic effect with docetaxel, suggesting its potential role in prostate cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer: Treatments and Diagnosis

Bionatura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 02 (Bionatura Conference Serie) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Angulo ◽  
Bryan Herrera ◽  
Keila Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tumor Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Prostate Tumors ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatments

Prostate cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the prostate. Prostate tumors were responsible for nearly six thousand deaths in Spain in 2016 as the symptoms are very silent and appear like advanced cancer or when this cancer has proliferated to other organs and senses. Therefore, there are 4 characteristic stages of this type of cancer that are classified according to their extension in the body. To make the diagnosis of this type of disease there are methods that in many cases show to be effective and in others not depending on the stage in which you are. Therefore, the number of treatments against prostate cancer has been increasing over the years from medications that help prevent tumor proliferation to strong surgeries. These treatments are not a solution to fight cancer, they simply have the function of maintaining cancer and its proliferation in order to generate a suitable lifestyle for patients for a time. Currently, several investigations have focused on combating prostate cancer through clinical trials that promise to generate favorable and acceptable solutions for patients.

STUDYING THE ROLE OF MACROPHAGES IN CIRCULATING PROSTATE CANCER CELLS BY IN VIVO FLOW CYTOMETRY

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250027 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN GUO ◽  
ZHICHAO FAN ◽  
ZHENGQIN GU ◽  
XUNBIN WEI
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
In Vivo Flow Cytometry ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Deficient Group

Metastasis is a very complicated multi-step process and accounts for the low survival rate of the cancerous patients. To metastasize, the malignant cells must detach from the primary tumor and migrate to secondary sites in the body through either blood or lymph circulation. Macrophages appear to be directly involved in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the role of macrophages in affecting cancer metastasis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we have utilized an emerging technique, namely in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) to study the depletion kinetics of circulating prostate cancer cells in mice and determine how depletion of macrophages by the liposome-encapsulated clodronate affects the depletion kinetics. Our results show different depletion kinetics of PC-3 cells between the macrophage-deficient group and the control group. The number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the macrophage-deficient group decreases in a slower manner compared to the control mice group. The differences in depletion kinetics indicate that the absence of macrophages facilitates the stay of prostate cancer cells in circulation. In addition, our imaging data suggest that macrophages might be able to arrest, phagocytose and digest PC-3 cells. Therefore, phagocytosis may mainly contribute to the depletion kinetic differences. The developed methods elaborated here would be useful to study the relationship between macrophages and tumor metastasis in small animal cancer models.

scholarly journals Autophagy provides a conceptual therapeutic framework for bone metastasis from prostate cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
YouZhi Wang ◽  
Ning Wu ◽  
Ning Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Pathologic Fracture ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Important Marker

AbstractProstate cancer is a common malignant tumor, which can spread to multiple organs in the body. Metastatic disease is the dominant reason of death for patients with prostate cancer. Prostate cancer usually transfers to bone. Bone metastases are related to pathologic fracture, pain, and reduced survival. There are many known targets for prostate cancer treatment, including androgen receptor (AR) axis, but drug resistance and metastasis eventually develop in advanced disease, suggesting the necessity to better understand the resistance mechanisms and consider multi-target medical treatment. Because of the limitations of approved treatments, further research into other potential targets is necessary. Metastasis is an important marker of cancer development, involving numerous factors, such as AKT, EMT, ECM, tumor angiogenesis, the development of inflammatory tumor microenvironment, and defect in programmed cell death. In tumor metastasis, programmed cell death (autophagy, apoptosis, and necroptosis) plays a key role. Malignant cancer cells have to overcome the different forms of cell death to transfer. The article sums up the recent studies on the mechanism of bone metastasis involving key regulatory factors such as macrophages and AKT and further discusses as to how regulating autophagy is crucial in relieving prostate cancer bone metastasis.

Novel nitrogen containing steroid derivatives for prostate cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra S. Latysheva ◽  
Vladimir A. Zolottsev ◽  
Vadim S. Pokrovsky ◽  
Irina I. Khan ◽  
Alexander Yu. Misharin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment ◽  
Derivatives Of

: This mini review focuses on the investigation of novel nitrogen containing steroid derivatives potentially applicable for prostate cancer treatment. It covers last decade of literature with highlights on the structure of new steroid compounds exhibiting significant activity in prostate cancer cells and possessing pharmacological potency. New derivatives of known anti-prostate cancer agents: abiraterone and galeterone, new derivatives of androstane and pregnane modified with nitrogen containing heterocycles, and some related steroid derived compounds are discussed in the review.

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