scholarly journals A Wafer Bin Map “Relaxed” Clustering Algorithm for Improving Semiconductor Production Yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Crescenzio Gallo ◽  
Vito Capozzi
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Manufacturing ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Production Control ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Visual Exploration ◽  
Production Yield ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Reducing Costs

AbstractThe semiconductor manufacturing process involves long and complex activities, with intensive use of resources. Producers compete through the introduction of new technologies for increasing yield and reducing costs. So, yield improvement is becoming increasingly important since advanced production technologies are complex and interrelated. In particular, Wafer Bin Maps (WBMs) presenting specific fault models provide crucial information to keep track of process problems in semiconductor manufacturing. Production control is often based on the “judgement” of expert engineers who, however, carry out the analysis of map templates through simple visual exploration. In this way, existing studies are subjective, time consuming, and are also limited by the capacity of human recognition. This study proposes a network-based data mining approach, which integrates correlation graphs with clustering analysis to quickly extract patterns from WBMs and then bind them to manufacturing defects. An empirical study has been conducted on real production data for validating the proposed clustering algorithm, which showed a perfect correspondence between the malfunction patterns found by the algorithm and those discovered by human experts, so confirming the validity of our approach in its ability of correctly identifying actual defective patterns to help improving production yield.

Hospital-based health technology assessment in Brazil: current experiences and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Coelho de Soárez ◽  
Vera Lúcia Edais Pepe ◽  
Hillegonda Maria Dutilh Novaes
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Hospital Policy ◽  
National Network ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Use Of Resources

Abstract In Brazil, there is no consensus on the concept of hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA). There is great variability in the existing models and difficulty in evaluating their results—whether in respect of clinical decisions, quality of care, and hospital policy and management or in respect of optimizing the use of resources. This study aims to discuss the experiences of HB-HTA, its integration into the regulatory system for the adoption of new technologies into the Brazilian public (SUS) (Unified Health System), and its main challenges. During a workshop, a panel of specialists in HTA and/or HB-HTA was formed, representative of four different perspectives: (i) Health services and health technology assessment units, (ii) Academia, (iii) Secretary of State for Health, and (iv) the Federal SUS sector. This was followed by discussion, a preliminary consensus, contributions from the audience, a plenary session, and a final consensus. HB-HTA is not institutionalized, nor is it part of the regulation system for the adoption of new technologies in the SUS. The main challenges are the difficulties in creating qualified teams, financial support, and sustainability. The work of these bodies in respect of the evaluation of new technologies deserves further studies analyzing the relationship between the pressure for adoption from the hospital team and industry professionals and legal rulings. It is necessary to strengthen HB-HTA culture and implement this policy in hospital management, making assessment bodies a part of managerial and decision-making processes in hospitals, and develop regional collaborative networks and a national network of HTA.

scholarly journals Clustering Ensemble for Identifying Defective Wafer Bin Map in Semiconductor Manufacturing

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Manufacturing ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Clustering Ensemble ◽  
Data Space ◽  
Ensemble Approach ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Defect Pattern ◽  
Bin Map

Wafer bin map (WBM) represents specific defect pattern that provides information for diagnosing root causes of low yield in semiconductor manufacturing. In practice, most semiconductor engineers use subjective and time-consuming eyeball analysis to assess WBM patterns. Given shrinking feature sizes and increasing wafer sizes, various types of WBMs occur; thus, relying on human vision to judge defect patterns is complex, inconsistent, and unreliable. In this study, a clustering ensemble approach is proposed to bridge the gap, facilitating WBM pattern extraction and assisting engineer to recognize systematic defect patterns efficiently. The clustering ensemble approach not only generates diverse clusters in data space, but also integrates them in label space. First, the mountain function is used to transform data by using pattern density. Subsequently,k-means and particle swarm optimization (PSO) clustering algorithms are used to generate diversity partitions and various label results. Finally, the adaptive response theory (ART) neural network is used to attain consensus partitions and integration. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed WBMs clustering ensemble approach. Several criterions in terms of sum of squared error, precision, recall, andF-measure were used for evaluating clustering results. The numerical results showed that the proposed approach outperforms the other individual clustering algorithm.

Breeding programs in dairy cattle - current and future considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 129-152
Author(s):  
A. E. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Pedigree Selection ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Reducing Costs

Methods of evaluating dairy cattle using mixed models with Best Linear Unbiased Prediction properties have progressed from the sire model to the animal model. Definitions of effects in models need refinement, particularly for contemporary groups. Pedigree selection and progeny testing is the standard for producing sires used in artificial insemination, but multiple ovulation and embryo transfer schemes are being tried. Efficient production is necessary under conditions of surplus. Efficiency can be achieved by higher production per cow and reducing costs by improved reproduction, increased herd life, reduced health costs, and reduced dystocia. Preferential treatment is a major problem. New biotechnological developments such as bovine somatotropin, mitochondrial genetics, sexing semen, embryo transfers, cloning, transgenic animals, and markers are considered as potential new technologies that may be useful for dairy cattle improvement.

scholarly journals Animaciones virtuales aplicadas a la difusión del patrimonio inmueble. La villa de Ágreda (Soria)

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaira Joanna Peinado Checa
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Architectural Survey ◽  
The Village ◽  
Real State

In recent decades there has been the development of so-called "new technologies" and have come to transform the traditional procedures for heritage diffusion, substantially expanding its possibilities, improving the quality, effectiveness, manageability and significantly reducing costs. In this article we want to highlight the spread of built heritage features applied to animations and virtual tours. To do this is to use the case study of cultural places of the village of Agreda (Soria) and also implemented for cataloging their heritage, using methods of architectural survey by photogrammetry and other digital procedures in those interest cultural real state.

scholarly journals Expert Radiology Application Softwares Enhance Radiology Diagnosis Contributions And Challenges By A Historical Review of Informetric Analysis From 1991 To 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Cheng Chao ◽  
Ming-Hung Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Filmless Radiology ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Speech Recognition Software ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Recent Developments

In all areas of medicine, especially in radiology, computers are increasing year by year. Filmless radiology, speech recognition software, electronic application forms, and teleradiology are recent developments that have greatly improved radiologists' performance. This research explores radiology software trends, predictions, and the challenges posed by informatics and historical trend analysis. The rationale behind this research is that information technology (IT) is overgrowing almost every day. We must continuously seek new ways to apply IT to make more use of resources. Consequently, IT becomes increasingly crucial to radiology organizations' innovative thinking, workflow, and business models. This study aimed to analyze all radiology software publications in the Science Citation Index (SCI). From 1991 to July 2021, SCI was used to search for publications systematically. We have also widely used this historical method in radiology software research. The findings and discussions are base on an assessment of trends, predictions, contributions, and challenges in radiology software, and we are exploring radiology software with six evolutionary stages. The gift of this research is that radiology managers realize that the use of new information technologies is closely related to survival in a competitive environment. Radiology companies can review these new technologies to develop more innovative business models and services to improve operational deficiencies.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR INNOVATION IN UKRAINE AND OECD COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Olena BILOUSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Support For Innovation ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Accelerated Depreciation

Introduction. Research, development and creation of innovation as a prerequisite for a gradual transition to the fourth industrial revolution will require significant financial resources. Deficit of free public and private capital, the existence of potential risks of innovation make it difficult to attract resources for innovation and investment projects. Purpose. Identify financial support for innovation, causes inefficient investment generalize the experience of the developed of OECD countries, outline ways to improve tax legislation in Ukraine. Results. The main results of the study. In the period of 2011–2015. The main source of financing innovations were the resources of enterprises, as well as significantly reduced funding from the budget, foreign investments and other sources. Revealed that the fiscal stimulus, including the application of the tax legislation accelerated depreciation of fixed assets – not intensified investment and innovation processes. Financial resources are concentrated on providing ongoing activities, rather than on upgrading technology to the level of new technological structures. Research experience providing financial innovation in developed OECD countries and Vietnam showed that the structure of sources of financial support is of secondary importance compared to the volume of financing, the ability to attract resources for co-financing of state enterprises, financial institutions, innovation funds; the use of innovative financial instruments to attract resources. Conclusion. The process of financial support innovation offered to restore fiscal incentives to new conditions – to achieve efficiency innovation (creating an innovative product, the introduction of innovative new technologies, innovative renewal of fixed assets, etc.), targeted use of resources from the use of tax incentives and methods for accelerated depreciation.

scholarly journals Dark Charger with LDR and BC 547

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishik Das ◽  
Arnesh Sen ◽  
Debasmith Das
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Voltage Regulator ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Use Of Resources

Nowadays with the invent of new technologies the processors in the electronic devices have improved both in performance and speed. QUALCOMM has come up with its design like the MSM7225 which is a 1 core up to 800 MHz Cortex-A5(ARMv7): 32K+32K L1, 256K L2 and the APQ8055 fro the Series 2 which is a 1 core up to 1.4 GHz Scorpion: 32K+32K L1, 384K L2 and Media Tech is in competition with them, but everything comes at a price in this world and here the price paid is the battery life of the devices which results in less TOS(Time on Screen). Now to maintain that TOS frequent charging is done hence consumption of power or electricity is more resulting in more use of resources which is a concern for third world countries. We need to reduce that use to some extent. In this paper a simple technique of cascading 2 circuits namely the dark sensor using a light dependent resistor and a charging circuit of a charger using IC7805 voltage regulator is being used. The result is dark charger which can be used to charge when there is no electricity hence increasing the TOS and use of less electricity .

scholarly journals Short-Term Forecast of Wind Speed through Mathematical Models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moniki Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre Santos ◽  
Paulo Lucio
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Wind Generation ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Power Project ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Terrain Characteristics

The predictability of wind information in a given location is essential for the evaluation of a wind power project. Predicting wind speed accurately improves the planning of wind power generation, reducing costs and improving the use of resources. This paper seeks to predict the mean hourly wind speed in anemometric towers (at a height of 50 meters) at two locations: a coastal region and one with complex terrain characteristics. To this end, the Holt-Winters (HW), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Hybrid time-series models were used. Observational data evaluated by the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications-Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis at the same height of the towers. The results show that the hybrid model had a better performance in relation to the others, including when compared to the evaluation with MERRA-2. For example, in terms of statistical residuals, RMSE and MAE were 0.91 and 0.62 m/s, respectively. As such, the hybrid models are a good method to forecast wind speed data for wind generation.

scholarly journals Study of the influence of the technological parameters of the air-plasma surface gouging on some quality characteristics in the surface layer

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Aneliya Mitkova Stoyanova ◽  
Tatyana Mechkarova ◽  
Krastin Yordanov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Structural Grade ◽  
Quality Surface ◽  
Grade Steel

The efficient use of resources on the basis of the development of scientific and technical progress requires widespread implementation of new technologies for processing of metals, such as plas-ma, cathode-ray, detonation and other methods that allow to increase the lifetime of machines operation and reduce the materials and energy consumption throughout production.One of the new highly productive methods for obtaining a high-quality surface is the plasma sur-face processing (gouging) of metals. It is one of the most effective methods for surface pro-cessing applied in modern metal-processing facilities. Unlike other methods for surface pro-cessing this method includes the use of an electric arc and the produced plasma has a tempera-ture which reaches tens of thousands degrees Celsius. At such temperature, not only structural grade steel alloys can be processed, but in-fact all types of metals. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relation between the technological parameters of the process air-plasma surface gouging and the quality characteristics of the obtained surface lay-ers.The relations between technological parameters of the process air-plasma surface gouging of metals and quality parameters were obtained by using rotatable design of experiments and re-gression analyses techniques.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document