scholarly journals Environmentally assisted cracking and hydrogen diffusion in traditional and high-strength pipeline steels

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cabrini ◽  
Sergio Lorenzi ◽  
Simone Pellegrini ◽  
Tommaso Pastore
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Cathodic Polarization ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Tensile Yield Strength ◽  
Martensitic Steels ◽  
Environmentally Assisted Cracking

AbstractThis article deals with the risk of environmentally assisted cracking of steel structures that are kept under cathodic protection (CP). The experimental results collected on both hydrogen diffusion and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels under CP are discussed. Hydrogen diffusion was evaluated by permeation experiments and a scanning photoelectrochemical current technique, as a function of microstructure orientation, on both loaded and unloaded specimens. HE tests were carried out under constant load, slow strain rate (SSR tests), and slow bending conditions. Tests were also carried out on several grades of HSLA steel having different microstructures. The results confirm that HE in artificial seawater under CP can occur in steel with tensile yield strength in the range of 400–660 MPa only in the presence of high cathodic polarization and continuous plastically straining conditions. HE susceptibility increased with increasing applied cathodic polarization and with decreasing strain rate. HE susceptibility of the rolled steels at relatively high strain rate (10-4 to 10-5 s-1) increased with the hydrogen diffusion coefficient. Similar results were observed in terms of the HE contribution to corrosion fatigue crack growth rate. High-temperature-tempered martensitic steels showed a lower HE susceptibility.

DOMEX 550MC

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Earthmoving Machines

Abstract Domex 550MC is a hot-rolled, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel for cold forming operations. It is available in thicknesses of 2.00-12.80 mm. The alloy meets or exceeds the requirements of S550MC in EN 10149-2. Applications include a wide range of fabricated components and steel structures, including truck chassis, crane booms, and earthmoving machines. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SA-594. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Embrittlement and Diffusion in High Strength Low Alloyed Steels with Different Microstructures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cabrini ◽  
Sergio Lorenzi ◽  
Diego Pesenti Bucella ◽  
Tommaso Pastore
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tempered Martensite ◽  
Hsla Steels ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Embrittlement Resistance ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance

<span lang="EN-US">The paper deals with the effect of microstructure on the hydrogen diffusion in traditional ferritic-pearlitic HSLA steels and new high strength steels, with tempered martensite microstructures or banded ferritic-bainitic-martensitic microstructures. Diffusivity was correlated to the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of steels, evaluated by means of slow strain rate tests.</span>

DOMEX 500MC

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hot Rolled

Abstract Domex 500MC is a hot-rolled, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel for cold forming operations. It is available in thicknesses of 2.00-13.00 mm. The alloy meets or exceeds the requirements of S500MC in EN 10149-2. Applications include a wide range of fabricated components and steel structures, including truck chassis and crane booms. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SA-592. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc.

Studies of SCC and Hydrogen Embrittlement of High Strength Alloys Using Fracture Mechanics Methods

2005 ◽  
Vol 482 ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Dietzel ◽  
Michael Pfuff ◽  
Guido G. Juilfs
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Hydrogen Diffusion ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Extension Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms

Fracture mechanics based test and evaluation techniques are used to gain insight into the phenomenon of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and to develop guidance for avoiding or controlling SCC. Complementary to well known constant load and constant deflection test methods experiments that are based on rising load or rising displacement situations and are specified in the new ISO standard 7539 – Part 9 may be applied to achieve these goals. These are particularly suitable to study cases of SCC and hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steels, aluminium and titanium alloys and to characterise the susceptibility of these materials to environmentally assisted cracking. In addition, the data generated in such R-curve tests can be used to model the degradation of the material caused by the uptake of atomic hydrogen from the environment. This is shown for the case of a high strength structural steel (FeE 690T) where in fracture mechanics SCC tests on pre-cracked C(T) specimens a correlation between the rate of change in plastic deformation and the crack extension rate due to hydrogen embrittlement was established. The influence of plastic strain on the hydrogen diffusion was additionally studied by electrochemical permeation experiments. By modelling this diffusion based on the assumption that trapping of the hydrogen atoms takes place at trap sites which are generated by the plastic deformation, a good agreement was achieved between experimentally obtained data and model predictions.

scholarly journals Hydrogen embrittlement properties of nitrogen added ultra-high-strength TRIP-aided martensitic steels evaluated by using conventional strain rate technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1581-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Hojo ◽  
Kiattada Chanvichitkul ◽  
Hiroyuki Waki ◽  
Fumihito Nishimura ◽  
Eiji Akiyama
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Martensitic Steels

Hot Workability of a High Strength Low Alloy Steel for Construction Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Woo Young Jung ◽  
Tae Kwon Ha
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Plastic Instability ◽  
Strain Rate Range ◽  
Hot Workability ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The hot deformation behavior of a high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel for construction application under hot working conditions in the temperature range of 900 to 1100 and strain rate range from 0.1 to 10 s-1 has been studied by performing a series of hot compression tests. The dynamic materials model has been employed for developing the processing maps, which show variation of the efficiency of power dissipation with temperature and strain rate. Also the Kumars model has been used for developing the instability map, which shows variation of the instability for plastic deformation with temperature and strain rate. The efficiency of power dissipation increased with decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature. High efficiency of power dissipation over 20 % was obtained at a finite strain level of 0.3 under the conditions of strain rate lower than 1 s-1 and temperature higher than 1050. Plastic instability was expected in the regime of temperatures lower than 1000°C and strain rate lower than 0.3 s-1.

scholarly journals Crevice corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking of high-strength duplex stainless steels in simulated concrete pore solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Moser ◽  
Preet Singh ◽  
Lawrence Kahn ◽  
Kimberly Kurtis ◽  
David González Niño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Environmentally Assisted Cracking ◽  
Rate Testing

This paper presents a study of crevice corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) mechanisms in UNS S32205 and S32304 which were cold drawn to tensile strengths of approximately 1300 MPa. The study utilized a combination of electrochemical methods and slow strain rate testing to evaluate EAC susceptibility. UNS S32205 was not susceptible to crevice corrosion in stranded geometries at Cl⁻ concentrations up to 1.0 M in alkaline and carbonated simulated concrete pore solutions. UNS S32304 did exhibit a reduction in corrosion resistance when tested in a stranded geometry. UNS S32205 and S32304 were not susceptible to stress corrosion cracking at Cl⁻ concentrations up to 0.5 M in alkaline and carbonated solutions but were susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement with cathodic overprotection.

scholarly journals Cathodic and Anodic Stress Corrosion Cracking of a New High-Strength CrNiMnMoN Austenitic Stainless Steel

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1541
Author(s):  
Mathias Truschner ◽  
Jacqueline Deutsch ◽  
Gregor Mori ◽  
Andreas Keplinger
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Slow Strain Rate ◽  
Induced Stress

A new high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with excellent mechanical properties was tested for its resistance to stress corrosion cracking. The new conventional produced hybrid CrNiMnMoN stainless steel combines the excellent mechanical properties of CrMnN stainless steels with the good corrosion properties of CrNiMo stainless steels. Possible applications of such a high-strength material are wires in maritime environments. In principle, the material can come into direct contact with high chloride solutions as well as low pH containing media. The resistance against chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking was determined by slow strain rate tests and constant load tests in different chloride-containing solutions at elevated temperatures. Resistance to hydrogen-induced stress corrosion cracking was investigated by precharging and ongoing in-situ hydrogen charging in both slow strain rate test and constant load test. The hydrogen charging was carried out by cathodic charging in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution with addition of 1 g/L thiourea as corrosion inhibitor and recombination inhibitor to ensure hydrogen absorption with negligible corrosive attack. Slow strain rate tests only lead to hydrogen induced stress corrosion cracking by in-situ charging, which leads to total hydrogen contents of more than 10 wt.-ppm and not by precharging alone. Excellent resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking in 43 wt.% CaCl2 at 120 °C and in 5 wt.% NaCl buffered pH 3.5 solution at 80 °C is obtained for the investigated austenitic stainless steel.

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