Spontaneous cord hematoma: report of two cases

Abstract Spontaneous hematoma of the umbilical cord due to rupture of an umbilical cord vessel is a rare obstetrical complication which represents a severe cause of fetal distress with a 50% of reported fetal demise. Although several risk factors have been suggested, the cause of this disorder remains unknown. Herein we describe two cases of term deliveries with spontaneous umbilical cord hematomas which resulted in live births. In both cases the diagnosis was made intrapartum and was confirmed by a histopathologic examination.

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Massive Extra-Abdominal Umbilical Vein Varix: A Case Report

Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy ◽

10.1159/000512490 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Josef Jackson ◽

Eumenia Castro ◽

Michael A. Belfort ◽

Alireza A. Shamsirshaz ◽

Ahmed A. Nassr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Umbilical Vein ◽

Fetal Distress ◽

Fetal Anemia ◽

Pathologic Examination ◽

Fetal Demise ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Umbilical Vein Varix

Umbilical vein varices are rare umbilical cord anomalies that typically occur intra-abdominally. Extra-abdominal umbilical vein varices are exceedingly rare and usually diagnosed postnatally on gross pathologic examination. Umbilical vein varices have been associated with increased risk of fetal anemia, cardiac abnormalities, and intrauterine fetal demise. This case report discusses a patient who presented with a massive extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix, whose infant was ultimately delivered due to fetal distress and died in the neonatal period. This report also discusses associated fetal conditions and guidelines for antenatal testing and surveillance of known umbilical vein varices.

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Intrauterine Fetal Demise

10.2310/obg.19074 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gianna L Wilkie ◽

Sarah E Little

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Fetal Death ◽

Genetic Evaluation ◽

Placental Pathology ◽

Fetal Demise ◽

Maternal History ◽

Intrauterine Fetal Demise ◽

Delivery Planning

Intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) and stillbirth are interchangeable terms to describe a fetal death in the second half of pregnancy. IUFD is defined as the delivery of a fetus showing no signs of life as indicated by the absence of heart rate, breathing, umbilical cord pulsation, or voluntary muscle movements. A thorough evaluation of maternal history and risk factors, fetal evaluation involving autopsy and genetic evaluation, and placental pathology should be offered at the time of IUFD diagnosis. Significant counseling should be provided to patients regarding future pregnancies and the risk of recurrence as well as the need for increased antenatal testing and delivery planning in subsequent pregnancies. This review contains 5 tables, 10 figures and 55 references. Keywords: fetal kick counts, intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), management of intrauterine fetal demise, microarray, placental pathology, risk factors for intrauterine fetal demise

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Umbilical true knot: a case study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20182915 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 2956

Author(s):

Hima Bindu Kommuri ◽

Valsa Diana G.

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Fetal Outcome ◽

Prenatal Ultrasonography ◽

Male Fetus ◽

Fetal Demise ◽

Intrauterine Fetal Demise ◽

Fetal Movements

Umbilical cord true knot is a rare condition which affects about 1% of all pregnancies. The incidence is not only very low, but it is often undiagnosed antenatally when present despite the availability of prenatal ultrasonography as in this case, where the diagnosis of true knot of umbilical cord was missed even when an ultrasonogram was done 1 week prior to the presentation of patient with decreased fetal movements to opd. Majority of times it does not have any relation with fetal outcome but in certain occasions it is associated with intrauterine fetal demise as in present case presented here. Risk factors include long umbilical cord, polyhydramnios, small fetus, male fetus, etc.

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Risk Factors for Incidence of Intrauterine Fetal Distress in Hospital of Pamekasan

Saintika Medika ◽

10.22219/sm.vol17.smumm1.16452 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 89-99

Author(s):

Mochamad Ma'roef

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Medical Records ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Fetal Distress ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intrauterine Treatment ◽

Main Factor

Fetal distress during intrauterine is related to many factors. Knowing the risk factors will provide an effort to prevent and detect early fetal distress cases. The objective was to determine the risk factors for fetal distress during intrauterine treatment at dr. H. Slamet Martodirdjo Pamekasan. The method used is analytic observational with a cross-sectional method and the sample is simple random sampling. Samples taken were 184 patients in the delivery room dr. H. Slamet Martodirdjo general hospital Pamekasan. Data was taken by observation from patient medical records during 2018. Through this study, 92 patients experienced intrauterine fetal distress. The main risk factors for fetal distress was umbilical cord twists (p: 0.003, OR: 6,857, 95% CI: 1,914-24,572) and protective factors were maternal anemia (p: 0.018, OR: 0.141, 95% CI : 0.028-0.714). There are several risk factors for fetal distress during the intrauterine process at dr. H. Slamet Martodirdjo Pamekasan, the main factor was umbilical cord twisting where pregnant women with umbilical cord twists have a 6 times risk of experiencing fetal distress compared to those who do not.

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Risk factors for spontaneous hematoma of the umbilical cord: A case-control study

Placenta ◽

10.1016/j.placenta.2020.07.020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 152-156

Author(s):

Yasmine Clermont-Hama ◽

Kathleen Thibouw ◽

Louise Devisme ◽

Hélène Franquet-Ansart ◽

Morgane Stichelbout ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study ◽

Spontaneous Hematoma

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Perinatal and familial risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas in childhood through young adulthood: A population-based assessment in 4 million live births.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.735543879.793575967 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alberto Pappo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Familial Risk ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Population Based ◽

Live Births ◽

Familial Risk Factors

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Maternal mortality in six low and lower-middle income countries from 2010 to 2018: risk factors and trends

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-020-00990-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (S3) ◽

Author(s):

Melissa Bauserman ◽

Vanessa R. Thorsten ◽

Tracy L. Nolen ◽

Jackie Patterson ◽

Adrien Lokangaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Maternal Deaths ◽

Middle Income ◽

Maternal Risk ◽

Live Births ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background Maternal mortality is a public health problem that disproportionately affects low and lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Appropriate data sources are lacking to effectively track maternal mortality and monitor changes in this health indicator over time. Methods We analyzed data from women enrolled in the NICHD Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) from 2010 through 2018. Women delivering within research sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, India (Nagpur and Belagavi), Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia are included. We evaluated maternal and delivery characteristics using log-binomial models and multivariable models to obtain relative risk estimates for mortality. We used running averages to track maternal mortality ratio (MMR, maternal deaths per 100,000 live births) over time. Results We evaluated 571,321 pregnancies and 842 maternal deaths. We observed an MMR of 157 / 100,000 live births (95% CI 147, 167) across all sites, with a range of MMRs from 97 (76, 118) in the Guatemala site to 327 (293, 361) in the Pakistan site. When adjusted for maternal risk factors, risks of maternal mortality were higher with maternal age > 35 (RR 1.43 (1.06, 1.92)), no maternal education (RR 3.40 (2.08, 5.55)), lower education (RR 2.46 (1.54, 3.94)), nulliparity (RR 1.24 (1.01, 1.52)) and parity > 2 (RR 1.48 (1.15, 1.89)). Increased risk of maternal mortality was also associated with occurrence of obstructed labor (RR 1.58 (1.14, 2.19)), severe antepartum hemorrhage (RR 2.59 (1.83, 3.66)) and hypertensive disorders (RR 6.87 (5.05, 9.34)). Before and after adjusting for other characteristics, physician attendance at delivery, delivery in hospital and Caesarean delivery were associated with increased risk. We observed variable changes over time in the MMR within sites. Conclusions The MNHR is a useful tool for tracking MMRs in these LMICs. We identified maternal and delivery characteristics associated with increased risk of death, some might be confounded by indication. Despite declines in MMR in some sites, all sites had an MMR higher than the Sustainable Development Goals target of below 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Trial registration The MNHR is registered at NCT01073475.

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