scholarly journals Citizen science – bridging the gap between scientists and amateurs

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Stratilová Urválková ◽  
Svatava Janoušková
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Early School ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Small Team ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe European Union has been facing common issues such as early school leaving and lifelong learning for years. They are main targets that remain on the EU agenda and all good practice examples are welcome. Citizen science is one of the approaches that seems to have great potential to draw a wide group of people to science in a popular way. People can easily become a part of a scientific team and contribute to research that could hardly be carried out by one small team. Many citizen science researchers deal with issues that are attractive for people because of their usefulness or application (gathering ticks, taking photographs of surroundings) and/or because of the accessibility of the data (typical for biological issues). This aspect also supports bridging the gap between citizens-amateurs and scientists-professionals, as well as lifelong learning. Chemistry is a natural science subject that is rarely performed in citizen science, and little research is devoted to the educational aspect of citizen science projects. Therefore, we present here a brief overview of an increasing scientific design that is widely used in natural science, although rarely in chemistry. Citizen science seems to be a potentially useful tool for improving chemistry education.

scholarly journals Protection of Dairy Cattle in the EU: State of Play and Directions for Policymaking from a Legal and Animal Advocacy Perspective

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Nalon ◽  
Peter Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Take All

With the exception of a detailed Directive for calves, the welfare of dairy cattle is not regulated by species-specific legislation in the European Union. Their basic protection falls under the provisions of Directive 98/58/EC, also known as the “General Farm Animals Directive”. Article 3 of this Directive states: “Member States shall make provision to ensure that the owners or keepers take all reasonable steps to ensure the welfare of animals under their care and to ensure that those animals are not caused any unnecessary pain, suffering or injury”. However, recent reports show that the welfare of dairy cows in the EU is not sufficiently monitored and that serious problems persist. Lameness, mastitis, cubicle design, flooring, cleanliness, and permanent tethering remain critical areas. We argue that, to demonstrate compliance with Article 3 of Directive 98/58, farmers and Member States should urgently address these issues. The increasing proportion of cows that are never allowed to graze and high milk yields are also reasons for concern and will need to be addressed as a matter of priority in future EU guides to good practice and, eventually, legislation.

scholarly journals Selected Aspects of the Teaching Profession in Poland

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-160
Author(s):  
Joanna Michalak-Dawidziuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early School ◽  
Apprenticeship Program ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The University ◽  
The Eu

This article was written on the basis of the text created by the author as part of the Polish component of the Reducing Early School Leaving in the EU project carried out within the 7th Framework Program of the European Union for the years 2013-2018. The text was prepared when the author followed a research apprenticeship program at the Faculty of Education of the University of Warsaw. The article describes the teacher’s profession over the past fifteen years, placing special emphasis on teachers’ education, teachers’ careers, rules for and structure of employment.

Education and Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Aliki Demosthenous
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Measuring Efficiency ◽  
Investments In Education ◽  
The Eu

This chapter aims to analyze the framework of education and to measure the efficiency of education by means of the Data Envelopment Analysis method. The Data Envelopment Analysis is a nonparametric method used in operational research and in economics for estimating production frontiers. It can be used to measure empirically the efficiency of decision making units (DMUs). Measuring efficiency in education is of high priority as substantial investments in education are made by the European Union contributing thus to the accumulation and growth of human capital. Education, training and lifelong learning, are important “levers” that contribute towards the economic growth and the enhancement of competitiveness. The skills acquired by the employees through training and lifelong learning raise the corporate competitiveness by achieving economic growth and also assist in meeting their corporate and individual social responsibilities. The educational process at all levels is not just a simple truth that is continuously verified. It is the basis upon which Europe is based on. It is a collective investment of high priority which contributes to the macro and micro-economic objectives of the EU economies. It contributes to the harmonious social growth of the EU countries and the formation of peoples' intellectual culture.

scholarly journals A Successful Example of Complex Country Branding: The ‘E-Estonia’ Positioning Concept and Its Relation to the Presidency of the Council of the EU

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-115
Author(s):  
Árpád Ferenc Papp-Váry
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Country Image ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Country Branding ◽  
The World ◽  
Country Brand ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Estonia held the presidency of the Council of the European Union for six months from 1 July to 31 December 2017. This was a great opportunity to strengthen and shape the country image, also known as the country brand. They do have something to build on: there have been very few countries in recent years and decades where country branding was so conscious. It was a brave choice: in the early 2000s, they decided that they would become E-Estonia. This is not just a means to communicate but also involves policies and tangible developments regarding electronics, IT, and brand new technologies in order to build the most advanced digital society of Europe and the world. But how did this appear during the EU Presidency and how are Estonian citizens involved in branding? This rather lengthy case study explores the concept as a good practice, also setting an example for other countries.

scholarly journals Considerations on the Infringement Procedure against Romania

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crina Mihaela Verga ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Relevant Case ◽  
The Eu

This paper is a study of the infringement procedure, as it is regulated at EU level. Thus, we first analyze the existing legal framework on the matter. The implementation of this procedure in various Member States of the European Union and its consequences are then presented. Last but not least, the article refers to a series of aspects regarding the fields in which the procedure was directed against Romania since its integration into the EU. The purpose of the essay is to present in detail Romania's situation regarding the violation of EU’s law.Thus, a comparative presentation throughout time of the number of such proceedings launched against the Romanian state was made.A relevant case in which Romania was tried and convicted was also presented in detail.The large number of cases launched in 2021 highlights the delays registered by Romania on the matter. The measures ordered by the Romanian government through the elaborated the Annual Transposition Plan-2021must be carefully and systematically implemented. Romania could also consider and effectively apply the examples of good practice from the other EU’s member states. The historical and the comparative methods used in this presentation reveal both the similarities between the application of this procedure in the EU Member States under review as well as the differences and its succession in time. The article is important not only for the scientists, but also for the practitioners to dispose all the necessary measures that are required.

scholarly journals The development and implementation of ideas of lifelong learning in Europe at the dawn of the 21st century

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Marcinkiewicz-Wilk ◽  
Ewa Jurczyk-Romanowska
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
European Education ◽  
The Eu

Aim. The aim of article is present the changing of idea of lifelong learning. The article focuses on the idea of lifelong learning. The first part shows the essence of lifelong learning. An attempt has been made to organise concepts like: lifelong learning, lifelong training, continuing education and permanent education, as well as education and adult education, to consequently educe the idea of lifelong learning from the concept of continuing education. Methods. It’s used  the literature analysis because of the  theoretical character of a paper. Results. In the paper  was presented how idea of lifelong learning was changing in the time. Furthermore, the article shows the social context of the use of lifelong learning in relation to the theory of human capital and social capital theory as well. The next part of the article concentrates on identifying the most important initiatives of the European Union, the objective of which was the implementation of the idea in Europe. The article presents the aims of the EU programmes that are focused on the implementation of that idea in European education. Conclusions. The development of the idea lifelong learning is referring with a social and cultural changes. This idea is a very important part of EU strategy which main gol is to build the Information Society.

Tracing the historical construction of a vocational training, adult education and lifelong learning policy space in the European Union from 1951 to present

2021 ◽  
pp. 147490412110653
Author(s):  
Florin D Salajan ◽  
Elizabeth A Roumell
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Space ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this study is to trace and document the emerging contours of a Vocational Training, Adult Education and Lifelong Learning (VTAELL) space in the EU via an examination of the policy framework built over time in this area over more than six decades, from the inception of today’s European Union to the present day. Nineteen key primary sources were selected from the EU’s legislative record forming the growing overarching legal framework on VTAELL from 1951 to present. These were subjected to a discourse and content analysis, utilizing a process tracing approach to systematically record the gradual construction of VTAELL policy. The narrative shows that policy evolution in this field can be grouped into three distinct stages: policy groundwork; programmatic operationalization; consolidation, integration and expansion. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that the convergence and cross-referencing of EU’s VTAELL policy across education sectors validates the importance and consolidation of this policy space.

scholarly journals Expectations and Challenges in the Labour Market in the Context of Industrial Revolution 4.0. The Agglomeration Method-Based Analysis for Poland and Other EU Member States

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin J. Piątkowski
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
The Eu

Technological revolution brings forth major changes in the labour market as well as the necessity to adapt to the shifting conditions on the part of both employees and entrepreneurs. This notion fits in with the European Policy of “Lifelong Learning” which presents the necessity to constantly improve skills and participate in the process of learning through the entire period of professional engagement. The aim of the article is to diagnose the current situation in the labour market and expectations towards employees as a result of the technological revolution and digitization, and to analyze whether there are groups of countries in the EU with similar features describing the labour market and to present the differences between these groups. The study uses research methods based on literature research, content analysis and comparative analysis, and the empirical part uses cluster analysis—the Ward method, using secondary statistical data from the Eurostat database. It was verified which groups of the Member States exhibited similarities to the extent of: forms of employment; work productivity; commitment of entrepreneurs and employees to the process of continuing vocational training (CVT) and lifelong learning; educating future employees of the economy at the level of higher education (HE) in STEM fields and development of digital skills as well as commitment of governments of each EU Member State to financing research and development in higher education institutions (HEIs). It may be ascertained that the average values of variables describing the pattern followed by “new” Member States which joined the EU in 2004 or later are, in majority, lower than the values of the same variables describing the pattern followed by the “old” Member States. It cannot be unambiguously stated that the affiliation with the Eurozone in any way determined whether a given group of Member States is better or worse than the other. The resulting figures may become significant at the stage of developing the employment policy as well as the education policy and the professional career development policy in the respective Member States. Those results may be applied to both evaluation and planning of actions to be taken against the background of the development strategy in order to reduce clearly visible inequalities between the European Union Member States.

scholarly journals Natural Resources in Function of Sustainable and Competitive Toursim Development of the EU Countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Tanja Stanišić ◽  
◽  
Snežana Milićević ◽  
Bojan Krstić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
The Eu

Natural resources are the base of tourism development and competitive position in the tourism market of many tourist destinations. At the same time, the issue of their use in the function of tourism development is very complex and must be based on the idea of sustainability. The paper examines the importance of natural resources for the competitiveness of tourism in the European Union (EU). The aim of this paper is to consider the relationship of natural resources and tourism competitiveness in the EU countries, as well as to identify countries of good practice, but also countries that require improvement of natural tourism attractions ​​and their activation in function of competitive and sustainable tourism development. In accordance with the defined aim of the research, correlation and cluster analysis are applied in the paper. The results of the research can benefit the creators of tourism development policy, because they enable the selection of indicators of availability and attractiveness of natural resources that can be improved, as well as countries in which special attention should be paid to more successful tourism valorization of natural resources.

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

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